Intrusion Alarm Patents

© Brooke Clarke 2008 - 2020




Background

There are numerous sensors that can be used to detect intrusion into a protected space.  The sensor and it's processing circuitry can be optimized for this application and that's the subject of many patents.

Seismic

5054006 Seismic-acoustic detection device, George A. Gimber, Edward J. Cotilla, Salvatore R. Picard, Robert F. Starry (Navy), Oct 1, 1991,
367/136
sound only transmitter if it occurs while there is seismic activity

4975891 Vehicle sensing device and method, William C. Wineland, Ralph S. Hebbert, Edward H. Hug (Navy), Dec 4, 1990,
367/136; 340/566
power density spectrums for background, vehicles, personel and wind have different shapes that can be differentiated
Calls:
2368953 ELECTRIC CONTROL SYSTEM Feb 1945
3147467 Vibration Detection Vault Alarm System (ADT) Sep 1964
3258762 CONTROL AND ALARM SYSTEMS Jun 1966
3261009 PERSONNEL SENSOR Jul 1966
3296587 BAKER INTRUSION DETECTOR SYSTEM Jan 1967
3337800 DELAIF LINE TIME COMPRESSOR FOR SPECTRUM ANALYSIS Aug 1967
3431405 DAWSON SPECTRUM ANALYZER Mar 1969
Called by:
5631877 Narrowband signal revealer May 20, 1997
5887008 Method and apparatus for generating high energy coherent electron beam and gamma-ray laser Mar 23, 1999


4107660 Intrusion detection system, Thomas P. Chleboun ( GTE Sylvania), Aug 15, 1978,
340/566; 340/7R; 340/16R
buried garden hose

4005384 Vehicle detector, Cabell N. Pryor, Jr.Edward Hug, Michael H. Stripling, Navy, 1977-01-25, - "For example, previously available sensors are generally incapable of distinguishing the sounds generated by motor vehicles from those produced by piston powered boats or airplanes passing in the vicinity. " "...appreciated that the vehicle detector system disclosed is suitable for deployment in the form of a conventional air droppable acoustic buoy configuration, more commonly referred to as an "acoubuoy' configuration."  "The pass band of active filter 58 may have a selected low frequency range of approximately 0.15 to 0.4Hz, which range includes the normally expected range of fluctuations that motor vehicle sounds are likely to undergo, but excludes the extremely low frequency fluctuations that might be caused by such phenomena as aircraft circling above, or power boats proximate to the detector."

3984803 Seismic intrusion detector system,  Hervey L. Hawk et al (US Energey R&D Admin), Filing date: Sep 6, 1967, Issue date: Oct 5, 1976,
367/2 ; 340/539.1; 340/539.26; 340/566; 340/691.5; 340/692; 367/136
References:
3171108 VALUABLE PROTECTION SYSTEM Feb 1965
3261009 PERSONNEL SENSOR Jul 1966
3296587 BAKER INTRUSION DETECTOR SYSTEM Jan 1967
Called By:
4250499 Sound level detector with program interrupt Feb 10, 1981
4280204 Mobility cane for the blind incorporating ultrasonic obstacle sensing apparatus Jul 21, 1981
4777474 Alarm system for the hearing impaired Oct 11, 1988
5760696 Discriminating earthquake detector Jun 2, 1998
5790050 Method and apparatus for a signal translator Aug 4, 1998
5969608 Magneto-inductive seismic fence Oct 19, 1999
6356204 Method and apparatus for detecting impending earthquakes Mar 12, 2002

3745552 Intrusion Signature Detector Requiring both Frequency and Amplitude Shifts, Duane Wilt (Geotech div of Teledyne), Jul 10 1973,
340/527 ; 340/566; 367/136
geophone
References:
3573817 Monitoring System April 1971 Akers
2731520 Pulse Amplitude Measuring Circuit Compensated for varying Frequency
January 1956 Richardson
3068470 Proximity Scoring System (air defense missile) (cubic)
December 1962 Werner et al.
2730896 Circuit for Measuring Average Intensity of Disturbances January 1956 Boisblanc
3543261 UPPER THRESHOLD CIRCUIT November 1970 Burney
3261009 PERSONNEL SENSOR July 1966 Stetten et al.
3696369 Signal Processing October 1972 Laymon et al.

3719891 Intruder Detection System, R.D. Lee (NASA), Mar 6 1973,
367/137 ; 340/539.1; 340/539.26; 340/566; 340/870.18; 367/136; 367/191; 367/77; 455/102
References:
2942247
ALARM WARNING FOR SWIMMING POOLS

3049669
Means for Adapting Audio Oscillators to Flashlights


3070773
TELEMETERING TRANSMITTER

3109165
Intruder Detecting System (Seismic)
Oct 29 1963
S.M. Bango (Specialties Dev Corp)
3258762
CONTROL AND ALARM SYSTEMS

3379994
ACOUSTIC INTRUDER DETECTION SYSTEMS

3387296
TELEMETERING SYSTEM

3480942
TRANSMITTING SEISMIC SENSOR SYSTEM
Calls:
3192516 VIBRATION DETECTOR, 1961
3261009 Seismic PERSONNEL SENSOR, Oct 29 1963, S.M. Bango (Specialties Dev Corp)
Nov 25 1969
(Army)
3483562
Remote Controlling (Garage Door Opener)


Called By:
4052884 Method and apparatus for determining strain data during piling Oct 11, 1977
4250499 Sound level detector with program interrupt Feb 10, 1981
4742338 Intruder alarm system May 3, 1988
6041283 Remote control system for seismic acquisition Mar 21, 2000


3696369 Signal Processing, Laymon et al. (Sylvania), Oct 3 1972,
367/136 -
Calls:
3487396 INTRUSION VIBRATION DETECTOR WITH AMBIENT NOISE COMPENSATOR December 1969 Perelman
3147467 Vibration Detection Vault Alarm System (ADT) September 1964 Laakmann
2991458 IGNITION INTERFERENCE ALARM July 1961 Cooke et al.
Called by:
7005993 Sensor apparatus and method for detecting earthquake generated P-waves and generating a responsive control signal
6111523 Method and apparatus for photographing traffic in an intersection
5948038 Traffic violation processing system
5929787 Vibration actuated traffic light control system
4777628 Seismic system and method
4468763 Seismic intruder detection using pressure waves
4271491 Intruder alarm system
4215342 Merchandise tagging technique
4090180 Vibration-responsive intruder alarm system
3947835 Fence protection system
3903512 Signal processor
3879720 Energy peak/time averaging seismic intrusion detector
3846790 INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEMS
3818472 R.F. SYSTEM FOR DETECTING UNAUTHORIZED TRAVEL OF ARTICLES THROUGH A SELECTED ZONE
3745552 INTRUSION SIGNATURE DETECTOR REQUIRING BOTH FREQUENCY AND AMPLITUDE SHIFTS


3686658 Intrusion Detector Responsive to Change in Dominant Frequency, Marvin D. Wilt (Geotech div of Teledyne), Aug 22, 1972,
367/136 ; 377/39
Counts geophone  zero crossings where there is normally a high number, but when an intruder is present there are fewer crossings. Frequency only.
This is very similar to the noise operated squelch circuit.  When a signal is present it quiets the noise.
References:
3111657 AUTOMATIC TRACKING FILTER November 1963 Bagno
3331065 SIGNAL PROCESSING CIRCUIT FOR INTRUSION ALARM SYSTEM July 1967 McDonald
2730896 Circuit for Measuring Average Intensity of Disturbances
January 1956 De Boisblanc
2903683 Sensivity Control of Apparatus for Detecting Disturbances in an Enclosure
September 1959 Bagno
3465339 METHOD AND MEANS FOR DETECTING AIR TURBULENCE September 1969 Marner
3344277 RADIATION MONITOR WITH BACKGROUND COMPENSATION September 1967 Smith et al.

3662326 Subaudible frequency detection system, Paul S Dennis Jr, Hazeltine, 1972-05-09, -
Cites:
3246285 Method of and apparatus for signal-information detection, Karl D Kryter, Bolt Beranek and Newman, 1966-04-12, -
3296587 by TI.  See the PSR-1 web page.

3573817 Monitoring System, Akers, Apr 6 1971,
340/522 ; 340/539.1; 340/539.26; 340/551; 340/552; 340/561; 340/566; 367/93
Combines many different types of sensors
Calls:
2979706 Radio Warning System, A.H. Simon, Apr 11 1961, 340/539.31 ; 340/426.27; 455/18; 455/521 - wireless alarm sends coded & audio signal
2992420 Capacity Type Burgler Alarm Systems, W.E. Riker (Holmes), Jly 11 1961, 340/562 - rate of change circuit
3074053 <about balance between sensitivity and false alarm rate>
3132330 Electric Alarm Systems, Donner, - groups of seismic sensors
3135199 Magnatometer, T.B. Brown (see Fluxgate Magnatometer patent page)
3156909 Burgler Alarm and Monitornig System, Werk, - Accoustic
3230454 Radio Alarm System having Preselected Code Sequencses, Van Burkleo (Esso), Jan 18 1966, 375/311 ; 340/539.1 - similar to old district telegraph systems, just wireless
3249915 Method and Apparatus for Vehicle Detection, Ralph J. Koerner (TRW), May 3 1966, 340/941 ; 246/247; 324/254-
the effective area of the mag field sensor is made large enough so that it only sees increases in the Earth's field (a smaller area sensor would see decreases)
3296587 Intrusion Detector System, Baker (TI) - see the PSR-1 web page.
3380044 Universal Sensor Control Sytems, G. MORDWINKIN (Sensor Corp), Apr 23 1968, 73/866.1 - circuitry works with many differfent types of sensors
3383678 Moving Object Detection System, J.L. Palmer ( Adv Dev Lab), May 14 1968, 342/28 ; 340/507; 340/554; 367/112; 367/94 - doppler w/self test

3517316 Surveillance Equipment and System, Anderson et al. (Research Instruments & Controls), Jun 23 1970
340/525 ; 128/201.19; 128/202.22; 128/204.23; 128/205.23; 330/124R; 340/539.1; 340/539.26; 340/566; 340/693.1; 367/128; 367/6; 455/128; 455/96; 702/14
air dropped geophone & RF transmitter
References:
2448713 Radio Listening Buoy, Hansell (RCA), Sep 7 1948, two tube sonobuoy although that word does not appear.
2551609 Radio Drift Bomb, - dropped from airplane to determine wind drift for navigation
2600967 Low Frequency Vibrational Pickup, Allen A. Chernosky (Standard Oil), Jun 17, 1952, 367/184 ; 310/25; 73/654 - geophone >1 Hz
2683867 Parachuted Radio Seismic Tranducer, James O. Vann, Jul 13 1954, 367/186 ; 340/870.28; 455/96 - polar ice studies
2717309 Radiosonde with Projectile means to carry it Aloft, - weather instrument
2831976 Transmitter for Remote Model Control - two tubes
3082414 Sleep Inhibiting Device and Method - prevents driver sleeping uses sensor and alarm signal
3147467 Vibration Detection Vault Alarm System (ADT)
3258762 CONTROL AND ALARM SYSTEMS
3360772 Apparatus and method for seismic wave detection, Ernest M. Hall (Western Geophysical), Jul 31, 1979, 340/17R; 340/7R; 340/8R; 340/10 -
accelerometer and a hydrophone

3438021 Perimeter Intrusion Alarm, A. NELKIN (Westinghouse), Apr 8, 1969, 340/566 ; 310/314 - buried liquid filled hose
3261009 Personnel Sensor, Stetten et al. (Melpar), Jul 12 1966, 340/526 ; 340/527; 340/566; 367/136 - geophone bandpass, threshold, pulse counting

Fence

Around 1960 I worked for a glass window company in Mountain View just off the Central Expressway and behind us there was a company that made outdoor intrusion equipment, one aspect of which was a fence sensor.  Every now and then they would bring out a dozen folding chairs and high ranking military men would watch a demonstration.  An intruder dressed all in black would try and get over each section of the fence but an alarm would sound.  He would stand still just inside the fence then try to move away from it, but the alarm sounded.  There was a plywood box on wheels that he would try to move from inside, but with no luck.

2424677 Approach protective apparatus, Allan L Brownlee, App: 1942-10-26, Pub:1947-07-29 - prior capacitive systems were troubled by weather, this system which depends on balanced electrodes.
2450166 Electrical detection apparatus, Nicholas S Rich, App: 1944-08-18, Pub: 1948-09-28 - vehicle detection for traffic lights - secret during W.W.II? - senses the vehicles magnetic field, not the Earth's field or the field from a permanent magnet. sensor is 88,000 turns 38AWG wire on high mu (2,000 to 4,000) core.  Note the vehicle makes a single cycle (+ to -, or - to +) at a frequency depending on it's speed.  This looks very similar to the inductive exploder on a W.W.II torpedo.
2991458 Ignition interference alarm, Cooke Engineering Co Va., App: 1956-07-27, Pub: 1961-07-04 - tubes, - Vietnam Ho Chi Minh trail (Wiki) sensor? EDIT III ignition sensor
Have book on order: Wiring Vietnam: The Electronic Wall, Tambini, Anthony J., 2007, ISBN-13: 978-0810858442 -
2956269 Electronic barrier, MOSLER RES PRODUCTS Inc Conn., 1960-10-11
3031643 Transmission line fence burglar alarm, National Co Inc, 1962-04-24 - uses a terminated balanced transmission line consisting of a pair of parallel wires.  The intruder changes the impedance and causes a reflection.
3047849 Electronic intrusion protection array system, MOSLER RES PRODUCTS Inc, 1962-07-31 - looks like a 3-wire electric cattle fence, transistors, stable & sensitive unlike prior art capacitive type systems, 10 to 30 kHz, the top and bottom wires transmit and are 180 deg out of phase so that the center wire sees almost no signal.
3074053 Electrical system and method for protecting premises subject to varying ambient conditions, ADT Security Systems Inc, 1963-01-15
3110891 Security fence alarm system, TRW (Northrop Grumman), 1963-11-12 - 3-phase field
3237105 Personnel intrusion detecting device, Henry P Kalmus, 1966-02-22 - simple transistor ckt, uses between 5 & 100 kHz signal to detect man size or larger objects while allowing smaller objects, like a cat, to pass.
3375511 Transmission line intruder detection system, (Bay area inventors) GTE Sylvania Inc, 1968-03-26 -
3696369 Signal processor, GTE Sylvania Inc Mtn. View, - analog processing of geophone seismic output
3947835 Fence Protection System, General Dynamics Government Systems Corp, GTE Sylvania, Mtn. View - electret cable to sense fence vibrations, transistors,
4213122 Intrusion detection system, U.S. AF, 1980-07-15 - near RF field detection man: large signal, dog: small signal, surround a 40' shipping container or aircraft, 72 to 76 MHz desired correspond to wavelengths of about 4 meters or a half wave of about 2 meters (6') the height of a man.
5969608 Magneto-inductive seismic fence, Oct 19, 1999
6456198 Fence sensor Sep 24, 2002

People Sniffer (Wiki)

2021 Sep 18 - ordered the book: The End of the Line: The Siege of Khe Sanh, Robert Pisor, 1982 where pg 57 has a little about the XM-2 Personnel Detector (Forgotten Weapons).

Doppler

There are a number of frequencies used for Doppler systems.  Door openers commonly use 10.5 GHz.  Commercial volume protection alarms may use 915 Mhz.  Military systems may use a frequency where the height of a man is 1/2 wavelength or about 72 MHz.  There have been some attempts at using ultrasonic audio in Doppler systems but they have not worked very well.
See: ME400

4672379 Doppler radar transceiver, - single transistor, 2.5 GHz

4028690 Intruder detection device, Norman Ian Buckley, Edward Wilson (Shorrock Dev), Jun 7, 1977,
340/258B; 343/5PD; 340/258D
compares the signal level of adjacent samples separated in time thus compensating for environmental changes
3863240 Transmitting Antenna, Aaron A. Galvin, Jan 28 1975,
340/529 ; 340/553; 342/27 - 916 MHz
3760400 Intrusion Detection System Employing Quadrature Sampling, Galvin et al., Sep 18 1973,
340/554 ; 342/194; 342/28 -
one of the detected channels is used to trigger a sample of the other channel.
3691556 Detection of movement in confined spaces, Memco Electronics, Gunn Diode based Doppler

3383678 Moving Object Detection System, J. L. Palmer (Advanced Devices Lab), May 14 1968,
342/28 ; 340/507; 340/554; 367/112; 367/94
10 GHz w/ BW from 10 to 60 Hz (0.5 to 3 feet/second)
3331065 Signal Processing Circuit for Intrusion Alarm System, John C. Mcdonald (Sylvania), Jul 11 1967,
340/515 ; 340/516; 340/554; 342/27 -
References:
2732544 Testing means for an Intruder Detection Syste, Bango (Kidde), Jan 24, 1956,
340/515 ; 367/199
References:
2655645 Method and Apparatus for Detecting Motion in a Confined Space, Bango (Alertronic Corp), Oct 13 1953
unwanted triggering by watter hammer, line voltage step change
2767393 Approach Alarm System with  Unwanted Signal Elimination, Bango (Kidde), Oct 16 1956,
340/554 ; 365/206; 367/901
RE23820 Dummy Intruder for Detection Systems, Bango,
2917732 Chase

RF Metal Detector

The operating principle relates to changes in the sidebands reflected from a CW transmitted signal caused by intermittent contact between metal parts.

3836960 Sensor System, Gehman et al. (General Dynamics), Sep 17 1974, 342/27 ; 324/329; 324/337; 340/552; 342/192
490 MHz for example, but other frequencies can be used where objects are 1/2 wavelength in size.
Calls:
2647256 RADAR SYSTEM
3289202 Apparatrus for Detecting the Presence of Objects by Electromagnetic Radation, Preti, Nov 29 1966, 342/27 ; 340/675
3344419 WIDE ANGLE MEASUREMENT OP TERRAIN REFLECTIVITY
3392384 DETECTION PROCESS AND APPARATUS
3541551 INTRUSION DETECTOR RADAR WITH SPACE LINK CONTROL OP SURVEILLANCE AREA LIMITS

Radar

RE25100 Object Detectors, R.S. Chapin, Chapin Electronics Corp (Pinkertons Inc), Dec 19, 1961 - detects changes in standing wave pattern effecting the impedance of the antenna, so less sensitive to false alarms.  But this system also responds to Doppler shifts and these are a source of false alarms, fixed in patent 3237191
Calls:
2238041 Power Control System - radio beam
2333688 Distance measuring system 1943-11-09 - time of flight = radar
2617983 Moving target detecting system - radar MTI
2622140 Hi-frequency control system for traffic signals - dipoles over head detect cars
2659077 Moving target radio pulse echo system 1953-11-10 - MTI for radar
2677126 Wave signaling system -Doppler based moving target system
3210752 Moving object detection system, Bojko George, Pinkertons Inc, 1965-10-05 -
Harvard Scientific Instruments: "Radar-Eye" burglar alarm transmitter/receiver -
3237191 Object detection system, Bojko George, Pinkertons Inc, 1966-02-22 - Doppler - whip antenna hangs from ceiling (ME400?) Cites 10 patents, called by 10
3599196 Plural chambered, oscillator-coaxial line resonator-detector assembly for moving object detection systems, Bojko George, Pinkertons Inc, 1971-08-10

Electrostatic Field

6922059 Electric Field Sensor, P.A. Zank, E.M. Sutpin, D.W. Buchannan, T.G. Ceheinik (BAE Systems), Jul 26, 2005, 324/457 ; 324/72; 340/854.8; 73/861.12 -
Calls:
3260893 ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGING SYSTEM FOR AIRCRAFT Jul 1966
3641427 Electric Field Sensor (Navy) Feb 1972 - 3D operation in sea water
Calls:
3361957 Telluric Current Responsive Device having Spaced Conductors for Positioning Adjacent the Earth's Surface, D.L. Hings (
3514693 Method of Submarine Magnetotelluric Surveying and Apparatus for carrying out same, L.P.E. Cagniard
3265972 Underwater electric Field Communication System, P. Curry,
3273311 Monroe 9/1966 <typo?>
2992325 Earth Signal Transmission System, F.W. Lehan (Space Electronics Corp), Jul 11 1961, - well logging application
3790884 SEVERE THUNDERSTORM DETECTOR Feb 1974
3839912 METERING ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY for Electromagnetic Flowmeters Oct 1974
3857066 ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE SENSING PROBE Dec 1974
3874616 ELECTROSTATIC FIELD MEASURING DEVICE, (Army) Apr 1975 - rotation of chopper blades
4005357 Electrostatic field sensor (Navy), Jan 25, 1977 - dual probes on chopper,
4101825 Electric field sensor Jul 18, 1978
4529940 Panoramic electrostatic field sensor Jul 16, 1985
4703179 Sensor for hemispherical applications Oct 27, 1987
4765244 Apparatus for the detection and destruction of incoming objects Aug 23, 1988
4812713 Automatic closed loop scaling and drift correcting system and method Mar 14, 1989
4812822 Electronic article surveillance system utilizing synchronous integration Mar 14, 1989
4818855 Identification system Apr 4, 1989
4825149 Conformal ground referenced self-integrating electric field sensor Apr 25, 1989
4839581 Absolute electrical potential measuring apparatus and method Jun 13, 1989
4931740 Electrostatic field gradient sensor Jun 5, 1990
4975686 Process and apparatus for detecting pulses due to electrostatic discharges from furniture or human beings Dec 4, 1990
4996473 Microburst/windshear warning system Feb 26, 1991
5164673 Induced electric field sensor Nov 17, 1992
5241518 Methods and apparatus for determining the trajectory of a supersonic projectile Aug 31, 1993
5321615 Zero visibility surface traffic control system Jun 14, 1994
5430448 Object detection system Jul 4, 1995
5485092 Method and device for electrostatically investigating surface and sub-surface structures Jan 16, 1996
5544129 Method and apparatus for determining the general direction of the origin of a projectile Aug 6, 1996
5771020 Lightning locating system Jun 23, 1998
5828334 Passive aircraft and missile detection device Oct 27, 1998
5903225 Access control system including fingerprint sensor enrollment and associated methods May 11, 1999
5959548 Electromagnetic signal pickup device Sep 28, 1999
5963146 Wide area communications network for remote data generating stations Oct 5, 1999
5977762 Lightning detection apparatus and methodology Nov 2, 1999
6014447 Passive vehicle classification using low frequency electro-magnetic emanations Jan 11, 2000
6084551 Electromagnetic probe for the detection of e-field and h-field radiation Jul 4, 2000
6088585 Portable telecommunication device including a fingerprint sensor and related methods Jul 11, 2000
6178141 Acoustic counter-sniper system Jan 23, 2001
6196130 Electrostatic arming apparatus for an explosive projectile Mar 6, 2001
6260797 Transformable gun launched aero vehicle Jul 17, 2001
6445294 Proximity sensor Sep 3, 2002
6456198 Fence sensor Sep 24, 2002
6552521 Single station system and method of locating lightning strikes Apr 22, 2003

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  page created July 13 2008.