5-Bit Teleprinter Character Code · The Common Substrate
Input
LETTERS mode prints A–Z and a handful of control codes.
FIGURES mode prints digits and punctuation.
A real teleprinter switches between modes with the LTRS / FIGS shift codes —
here you can pick the mode to see each interpretation of the same 5-bit pattern.
When digits or punctuation appear, a FIGS shift character is inserted before them, and a LTRS shift follows.
This is exactly what a real ITA2 teleprinter does — and why the tape is longer than your typed message.