Dial Telegraph

© Brooke Clarke 2011, 2012


Background
Dial Telegraph No. 1
Patents
    Class Numbers
    List
Related
Links

Background

I think the needle type telegraph preceded the dial telegraph.  These were essentially a normal magnetic compass (or it's needle) with a nearby coil that would deflect the needle in one direction or the other.  A single needle instrument can have three states, Left, Off or Right. 
See: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XFl7T4aBZAA
In this case it takes a number of needles to end up selecting a single letter and that translates to running a number of wires.

There are dial telegraphs where the face appears to be a dial, but in fact the needle only has three positions, up (off) or left (-) or right (+).
If you look closely all the letters and numbers are accompanied
with their Morse Code equivalent.

Also that the pointer's motion is restricted by two brads.
The positions are to the left i.e. pointing to 7
or to the right pointing to D.
When no current is flowing it should point up to the black space.
This way when either positive or negative current is applied,
not only will the pointer tell you if it's a dot or dash, but
the bell will ring to indicate a new symbol.
This is a French toy version of the toy dial (ABC) telegraph by Bénévolo (France).
In that toy the pointer does point to the letter.

This one could have been made to work, but you can tell it's just a 3 position version
by the two brads to limit the pointer position.

3 position dial telegraph
 

There's a more interesting version of dial telegraph and that's the one where the pointer points to the final letter rather than just indicating left, zero or right.
The idea of the dial telegraph is that the sender uses the transmitter to point to a letter and the receiver points to the same letter.  There needs to be some way to synchronize the receiver and transmitter and this was the subject of many stock ticker patents.  How did the ABC dial telegraphs handle it?  Does a dial telegraph make the characteristic sound of ticking as the receive pointer moves similar to a stock ticker?

I think these were the precursors for the Stock Tickers that added a printed strip of paper to a dial telegraph.  The dial versions of the telegraph appeared at the very start of the telegraph industry.  The Western Union 5A was the last mechanical ticker and ran 10 to 100 times faster than the old glass dome type.

Dial Telegraph No. 1

This appears to be a working dial telegraph where the pointer moves to the desired letter.

Receiver

The two terminals on the right in Fig 1 are the inputs to the receiver.  The electromagnet just pulls in at 96 ma and 0.922 Volts (9.6 Ohm coil).
The electromagnet just drops out at 8 ma and 0.088 Volts (11 Ohms).

Transmitter

The two terminals at the top left in Fig 1 are the transmitter contacts.  When at rest the contacts are open and they close once for each incremental movement of the transmit arm.

Circuit Diagram Fig 3

Black Wires: Shows the left dial telegraph transmitter (left) terminals in series with the battery and the receiver (right) terminals of the right dial telegraph transmitter.
Red Wires: Shows the right dial telegraph transmitter  (left) terminals in series with the battery and the receiver (right) terminals of the left dial telegraph transmitter.
This is a full duplex wiring where each person can send and receive at the same time.

Single unit operation

My bench power supply is the Agilent (HP) E3617A which is capable of up to 60 volts at 1 Amp.
In order to get the highest loop resistance the supply should be set to 60 Volts and to max current.
Using 100 ma loop current the drop across the electromagnet will be about 0.1A * 10 Ohms = 1 Volt) so a series dropping resistor is needed.
R = V/I = (60-1) / 0.1 = 590 Ohms.

The transmit terminals seem to be completely isolated from the receive terminals.
The over voltage protect is tripping on the power supply, probably due to voltage spikes from the electromagnet when the switch opens.

This might be helped by placing a resistor in parallel with the receive terminals that's on the order of 100 Ohms.  That way when the relay coil circuit opens instead of generating a very large voltage it will only generate the current (100 mA) times the 100 Ohms or 10 Volts.

Fig 1
Dial Telegraph
Fig 2
Dial Telegraph
Fig 3
Dial Telegraph
Fig 4
Dial Telegraph






Patents

Class Numbers

40 Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting




/469
Changing Exhibitor With electric circuit control Magnetoclutch take-up
74 Machine Element
or Mechanism





/156
Mechanical Movements
(Intermittent Grip Type)
Grip units and features Gripper mountings, lever
123 Internal Combustion Engines





/146.5D Igniters Sparkers
178 Telegraph




/3




/17R
Automatic Transmitters or recorders

/18.07
Position coordinate determination
for writing
(e.g., writing digitizer pad, stylus, or circuitry)
Writing digitizer pad Inductive

/35
Printing Selectors With type-wheel recorder

/42
Printing Recorders Paper guiding or feeding

/64
Coil transformer


/67




/109
Keys
Spring pivot
340 Communications: Electrical




/319
Systems
Plural electromagnets
or plural motors receiver


/330
Systems In and out indicators
(e.g., doorbell button flashes "out" sign)


/815.58 Visual Indication Step by step positioner

/815.78 Visual Indication Pointer indicator
341 Coded Data Generation
or Conversion





/35
Bodily Actuated Code Generator With rotary dial
370 Multiplex Communications




/304
Low Speed Asychronous Data System
(E.G., Teletypewriter Service)
Synchronizer

List 

   
1647   Telegraph Signs, S.F.B. Morse, Jun 20 1840, 178/2R ; 178/17R; 178/70A; 178/86; 178/89; 341/66
Includes a register so shows up when searching for automatic telegraph equipment.
RE79 Telegraph Signs, S.F.B. Morse, Jan 15,1846, 178/2R ; 122/64; 178/17R; 434/222
RE117 Improvement in Electromagnetic Telegraphs, S.F.B. Morse, Jun 13, 1848, 178/2R ; 178/17R





10292  Dial Telegraph, J. Davis, Dec 6 1853, 178/17R
10292 Dial
                    Telegraph, J. Davis, Dec 6 1853, 178/17R
10292 Dial
                  Telegraph, J. Davis, Dec 6 1853, 178/17R




14664  Improvement in Electric Telegraphs, C. Kirchhof, Apr 15, 1856, 178/17R ; 178/64
14664 Improvement
                  in Electric Telegraphs, C. Kirchhof, Apr 15, 1856





25718  Improved Telegraphic Machine, L. Bradley, Oct 11, 1859, 178/3 ; 178/17R
Based on the Morse blocks, not a dial telegraph in the classic sense


37997  Dial Telegraph, A. Bain, Mar 24 1863, 178/17R ; 341/67
37997 Dial
                  Telegraph, A. Bain, Mar 24 1863


39376  Dial Telegraph, G.W. Beardslee, Aug 4 1863, 178/17R ; 211/49.1
39376 Dial
                  Telegraph, G.W. Beardslee, Aug 4 1863
39376 Dial
                  Telegraph, G.W. Beardslee, Aug 4 1863
39376 Dial
                  Telegraph, G.W. Beardslee, Aug 4 1863
40324  Dial Telegraph, C.T. Chester, Oct 20, 1863, 178/17R
40324 Dial
                    Telegraph, C.T. Chester, Oct 20, 1863
40324 Dial
                  Telegraph, C.T. Chester, Oct 20, 1863,

79741  Dial Telegraph, B.F. Edmands & J. Hamblet Jr, Jul 7 1868, 340/815.58
79741 Dial
                    Telegraph, B.F. Edmands & J. Hamblet Jr, Jul 7
                    1868


97076 Dial-Telegraph Apparatus, E.T. Gilliland, Nov 23 1869, 74/156 ; 340/815.58; 340/815.78
97076
                  Dial-Telegraph Apparatus, E.T. Gilliland, Nov 23 1869


102561 Printing Telegraph Instrument, J.T. Lindsey, May 3, 1870, 178/35
102561
                    Printing Telegraph Instrument, J.T. Lindsey, May 3,
                    1870


112360 Telegraph Apparatus, L.T. Lindsey, Mar 7 1871, 178/42 ; 340/319; 340/815.58



113240 Dial Telegraph, G.L. Anders, Apr 4, 1871, 178/17R
112360 Telegraph Apparatus, L.T. Lindsey,
                  Mar 7 1871


114793 Printing Telegraph, T.M. Foote 7 C.A. Randall, May 16 1871, 178/38 ; 178/41



116429 Dial-Telegraph Apparatus, E.T. Gilliland (Hiram D. Rogers), Jun 27 1871, 340/815.58
116429
                    Dial-Telegraph Apparatus, E.T. Gilliland (Hiram D.
                    Rogers)


116430 Dial Telegraph, E.T. Gilliland, Jun 27, 1871,



128708 Dial Telegraph, S. Chester, Jul 9 1872, 340/815.58

130855 Magneto Electric Dial-Telegraphs, J.B. Johnson & H.Whittemore, Aug 27 1872, 178/18.07;341/35
130855 Magneto Electric Dial-Telegraphs,
                    J.B. Johnson & H.Whittemore, Aug 27 1872


139690 Printing and Dial Telegraphs and Circuits Therefor, H.D. Rogers, Jun 10 1873, 178/35 ; 178/109

148946 Printing-Telegraphs, M. Gally, Mar 24, 1874, 178/26.1 ; 178/28; 178/86

172219 Electric Circuit for Fire and Police-Telegraph, W.B. Watkins, Jan 11, 1876, 340/292

173750 Printing Telegraph, G.L. Anders, Feb 22, 1876, 178/35

179082 Dial Telegraph, H. Van Hoevenbergh, Jun 20, 1876, 340/815.78

181583 Dial Telegraph, J.C. Ludwig, Aug 29 1876, 178/17R

186283 - Dial Telegraph,  Jan 16, 1877, 178/18.03 ; 178/109
USPTO error 186282 Sample Garmets?
266987 Ship Telegraph, J.S. Gisborne, Nov 7 1882, 340/319 ; 40/469

320923 Individual Signaling Apparatus, E.F. Frost, Jun 30, 1885, 379/418; 310/69; 340/6.16; 340/401.1

414343 Tell Tale Apparatus for Ship Telegraphs, W.T.W. Thackeray 7 I. Hurn, Nov 5, 1889, 340/314; 116/21; 200/4; 200/52.00R

436154 Electric Signal for Railroads, F.C. Schroen, Sep 9, 1890, 246/9; 191/49; 246/191

443111 Printing Telegraph, F.B. Rae, Dec 23, 1890, 178/64

463852 Synchronous Telegraph, C.S. Bradley, Issued Nov 24, 1891, 370/304

1144290 Telegraphy, B.L. Bobroff, Jun 22 1915, 340/319

1157839 Telegraphy, B.L. Bobroff, Oct 26 1915, 340/330 ; 123/146.5D


http://www.telegraphsofeurope.net/fons_museum.html

Beardslee

26557 Magneto Electric Machine, G.W. Beardslee, Dec 27, 1859, 363/110
26558 Magneto Electric Machine, G.W. Beardslee, Dec 27, 1859, 310/156.37
39376 Dial Telegraph, G.W. Beardslee, Aug 4 1863, 178/17.00R; 211/49.1
Beardslee Telegraph Machine -
Wiki

Breguet

http://www.telegraphsofeurope.net/fons7.jpg
http://www.telegraphsofeurope.net/DetailBackOldBreguet.jpg

Loiseau

1677062 Signaling system applicable to telegraphy and telemechanical transmission, Charles Verdan, Jean Loiseau Louis Marie, Jul 10, 1928

Deleuil

Ruhmkorf

See Ruhmforff coil

Breton Freres

http://shtukoviny.ru/pointer/info.html

A toy dial (ABC) telegraph by Bénévolo (France)

http://www.telegraphsofeurope.net/30DialToyB__n__volo.JPG

Breguet/Chambrier

http://www.telegraphsofeurope.net/19BreguetChambrierFront.JPG

Wheatstone's alphabet dial

http://museumvictoria.com.au/collections/themes/1798/the-wheatstone-abc-telegraph
http://distantwriting.co.uk/appendices.aspx
probably UK patents
1,239
1,241
2,462
220
2,897
2,172
1,622
10,655
Charles William Siemens
512

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Links

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