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This page is based on the TTW - Tilting Three Wheelers Patents web page, but links to the USPTO have been added by Brooke Clarke.  Mitch Casto's research has turned up many patents related to tilting trikes. Here is a beginning to the list… click on any of the thumbnail sketches to see the first page of the patent. Note well that there are dozens more below. You can email Mitch Casto at mitchcasto@email.com.
In order to see the images you will need a TIFF viewer for your browser.  The USPTO has a web page "PatentFull-Page Images" with links to free viewers for different operation systems.

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YouTube

Top 5 Radical Tilting Rides - Wesll LLC - eV4 YTvids - Swincar - TreMoto Tilting Trike -

Featured Patents

 
Patent No.4,541,501, 180/215; 180/217; 280/62; 280/282, Articulated Tricycle, K. Kawasaki, Sep 17, 1985 , 1985,  Very much like an uncovered GM Lean Machine, this patent shows the most conventional of tilt trikes.
 
 

3029889 Apr., 1962 Paramythioti 280/111.
3504934 Apr., 1970 Wallis 280/112.
3583727 Jun., 1971 Wallis 280/112.
4003443 Jan., 1977 Boughers 280/112.
4159752 Jul., 1979 Kanno 280/111.
4356876 Nov., 1982 Watanabe et al. 180/210.
4437535 Mar., 1984 Winchell et al. 180/215.
4469188  Sep., 1984 Mita 180/215.

Patent No. 5,240,267, 280/240; 280/124.103; 280/259; 280/261; 280/282; 280/287, Tricycle, P. Owsen, Aug 31,
This pedal powered tilt trike has two interesting features: first, it is foldable, and second, as you can see from the thumbnail sketch, the tilt linkage causes the bike to tilt along the line of the contact point of the front tire to the road.
 

3311388 Mar., 1967 Ryan et al. 280/282.
3583727 Jun., 1971 Wallis 280/112.
3698502 Oct., 1972 Patin 280/282.
4432561 Feb., 1984 Feikema et al. 280/282.
4540192 Sep., 1985 Shelton 280/282.
4789173 Dec., 1988 Lofgren et al. 280/282.

Patent No. 4,903,857, 280/267; 280/269, Leaning vehicle with centrifugal force compensation, K.L. Klopfenstein, Feb 27, 1990,  This pedal powered tilt trike is different in that the wheel pair is in the front, not the rear. It still tilts, though!
 
 
 
 

3237961 Mar., 1966 McMullen 280/772.
3447623 Jun., 1969 Hott 280/269.
3645558 Feb., 1972 McMullen 280/270.
3746118 Jul., 1973 Altorfer 280/112.
4020914 May., 1977 Trautwein 280/112.
4072325 Feb., 1978 Bright et al. 280/772.
4088199 May., 1978 Trautwein 180/209.
4351410  Sep., 1982 Townsend 280/267.
4360224 Nov., 1982 Sato et al. 280/772.
4469344 Sep., 1984 Coil 280/269.
4624469 Nov., 1986 Bourne, Jr. 280/112.
4632413 Dec., 1986 Fujita et al. 280/112.
4634137 Jan., 1987 Cocksedge  280/269.
4650213 Mar., 1987 Fujita et al.  280/772.
4660853 Apr., 1987  Jephcott 280/772.
4740004 Apr., 1988 McMullen 280/269

Patent No. 4,660,853, 280/5.509, Vehicle body tilting mechanism, E.F.N. Jephcott, Apr 28, 1987,
Jephcott patented the mechanism for automatically tilting the vehicle body apart from the vehicle itself. Indeed, this tilting mechanism could be applied to a four wheeler, or train, or anything. Jephcott, recall, is the inventor if the tilt-trike, 1980, and the Jephcott Micro, 1987. The Micro employed this patented mechanism.
 
 
 
 
 

3285623 Nov., 1966 Winsen 280/112.
4487429 Dec., 1984 Ruggles 280/772.

2,493,817 180/210; 180/11; 180/205; 280/202; 280/269 Powered Three Wheeled Vehicle, T. G. Hare, Jan 10, 1950, 2F str, 1R pwr. Tilting
 
 

 

2,819,093 280/282; 180/215; 188/204R; 280/62; 280/124.103 Suspension Mechanism for Motor Vehicles and the Like, H.E. Geiser, Jan 7, 1958, 1F steer, 2R power, Tilting. Calls:
 
 
 

880025 Running Gear or Suspension Frame for Vehicles, R. Herman, Feb 25, 1908, 4 wheel, more comfort
1026851 Running Gear for Motor Vehicles, D.M. Dearing, May 21, 1912,
1252643 Tractor, J. Anderson & J.G. Fleming, Jan 8, 1918, 2F steer, 2R drive, provision to tilt
2116027 280/124.103, Motor Vehicle, J. Kolbe, May 3, 1938, Tilting for passenger comfort
2232549 280/124.111; 280/444, Truck Construction, G.G. McNamara, Feb 18, 1941, improved lean (not tilt)
2260102 280/5.509, Automobile Vehicle, P.L. Freret, Oct 21, 1941, Tilt for safety

3,277,840 105/145; 33/328; 33/333; 33/365; 73/504.09; 74/5R; 105/453; 180/209; 280/5.502;280/5.509; 280/6.156, Vehicle Stablization System, Yao Tzu Li Oct 11,1966, 1F3T narrow track motorcycle based machine with assisted Tilt. It is likely the later reported in work at MIT Call:
 
 

2568402 200/61.51; 37/907; 74/5.22; 105/82; 105/164; 280/43.19 Vehicle Stabilizing Apparatus, L.B. Lynn, Sep 18, 1951, railroad car automatic tilt for passenger comfort
2579570 244/79 244/80 244/179 Gyroscope and Pendulum Control System for Airplanes, F.F. Hauptman, Dec 25, 1951
31193493119349 104/243 104/23.2 104/124 104/130.01 104/134, Track-Mounted Transport Means or Systems, V.W. Hampton, Jan 28, 1964,

3,572,456 180/217 180/305 280/124.103 280/275 Bankable Tricycle TypeVehicle, A.D. Healy, March 30, 1971, Tilting
 
 
 

1457025 414/459 301/127, Lumber Carrier, C.F. Gerlinger, May 29, 1923,
3154164 180/209 180/6.24 180/6.48 180/242 180/253 180/308 180/900 180/906 280/6.15 280/43 280/124.112 280/638, Off Highway Tractor, H.H. Shaw et al, Oct 27, 1964 lateral and vertical adjustment of wheels
3480098 180/41 280/6.154,  Hydraulic Leveling and Control Means for Tractors and other Vehicles, J.E. Ward Jr, Nov 25 1969, Tilt for hillside

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The following is an updated list from the tireless Mitch Casto, November 1999, of TTW-related patents. You can see details about many, though not all, of these patents at this IBM site: http://www.patents.ibm.com. Thanks, Mitch! 20 March 2002, the IBM patent server was sold to Delphion who made if a for hire site(you can register and get a 1 day free pass).  In the meantime the USPTO has improved their site. For more on patents see my Learning page.

United States Patents

All the U.S. patents are on line, but only as TIFF images.  This means you need to get a TIFF viewer fro your browser (see:   ) and it also means you can not search, the only way to access these is by knowing the patent number.

1332042 280/203; 280/283 Johnston 1920, motorcycle sidecar which is comftorable
2152938 280/124.103; 267/254; 280/124.141 Vehicle Banking Mechanism, E.L. Welch, April 4, 1939, Tilt
2221196 Front Axle of Rear-Motored Automobiles, Milos Klavik, Nov 12, 1940
2702196 280/203 Mororcycle Sidecar Coupling Means, R.L. Gamaunt, Feb 15, 1955, motorcycle sidecar which Tilts
2960941 105/164; 105/199.2; 280/5.509 , Yao Tzu Li, Nov 22, 1960, Vehicle Stablizer, Tilting for stability of railroad cars (3277840 Li pat)

2492990

2568402 200/61.51; 37/907; 74/5.22; 105/82; 105/164; 280/43.19 Vehicle Stabilizing Apparatus, L.B. Lynn, Sep 18, 1951, railroad car automatic tilt for passenger comfort
2633811

 

3504934 280/282 180/217 D12/112 Tricycle Wheel and Frame Arrangement, G.L.Wallis, April 7, 1970  Steers rear wheels by tilting the upper frame.   Probably is the patent for the 1F1T Ariel Three which was produced in Britain by BSA
3561778 280/7.14 280/12.14 280/16 280/269 280/282 D12/112 Three Wheeled Vehicle, E.G. La Brie, Feb 9 1971,   La Brie 2F3TNL human powered, pedalled chain drive allows tilting during a turn

3583727 280/283 180/215 280/124.103  Tricycle Vehicles, G.L.Wallis, June 8, 1971,  can tilt into turn, see also 3504934
3601213 180/215 280/62 D12/112 Stablized Three-Wheeled Vehicle, P. Patin, Aug 24, 1971, low speed stability from 3 wheels, higher speed stability by tilting into turns.
3645558 280/270 280/275 Bicycle Trainer Velociepede, W.W. McMullen, Feb 29, 1972,  banking 3-wheeler 1FNL? helps teach how to ride a bicycle without falling by banking based on handlebar position
3669468 280/267 280/282 Wheeled Toy, E.W. Rich, June 13, 1972, tilts to the inside of turns
3696681 74/13 474/62  Tilt Wheel Chain Drive, J.T. Fetter, Oct 10, 1972, chain drive for a tilting vehicle
3698502 180/215 180/41 188/176 188/329 280/62 280/282 Stablized Three-Wheeled Vehicle, P.C. Patin, Oct 17, 1972, 1F three-wheeler with "a device sensitive to resultant of weight and centrifugal force"
3707199 180/190 180/196 280/6.154 Recreational Vehicle, A.J. Gerich, Dec 26, 1972, banking vehicle that may or may not have wheels, described as especially useful for snow/ice
3712404 180/212 37/907 172/406 172/421 180/41 180/53.4 180/306 180/311 280/6.155 280/124.128 280/783 280/798 Hillside Tractor, K.H. Walquist, Jan 23, 1973 This is a tractor, not a highway vehicle to be used on the sides of hills without overturning
3729210 280/124.109 280/93.515 280/124.136 Suspension System for Vehicles, R.J. Cunningham, Apr 24, 1973,  mechanism uses 'subframes' to keep wheels vertical at all times to that the tires will have the most traction.
3746118 180/210 280/124.103 280/267 D12/110 Three-Wheeled Vehicle with Passenger Banking, E.J. Altorfer, July 17, 1973, 3-wheeled vehicle with powered lean
3781031 280/62 180/210 D12/110 D12/112 Three Wheeled Vehicles having Static and Dynamic Equilibrium, P. Patin, Dec 25, 1973 seems to be a 1F design three-wheeler perhaps tilt controlled by a pendulum device
3792748 180/41 180/282 280/6.154 280/6.155 280/124.112 Anti Overturning Implement Vehicle, J.W. Regier, Feb 19, 1974, depicted as as a riding lawn mower which can negoiate sideways on slopes without overturning
3820809 280/5.509 280/683 280/685 Body Tilting Mechanism, J.A. Blonar, June 28, 1974, could be applied to more than 3 wheels, a tilt control device that may use hydraulics (but not based on sensors).
3880449 280/261 280/62 280/282 280/283 Tricycle, H. Wada, Apr 29, 1975, 1F1T Suzuki Motor Company depicted as human powered can tilt to inside of turn
3899037 180/6.48 180/41 280/6.156 280/43.23 280/638 Chassis Apparatus for All Terrain Vehicles, P.A. Yuker, Aug 12, 1975,  4-wheeled all-terrain-vehicle (off-road ) with adjustable track and inclination

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Starting with 3931989 the USPTO has much more that just images allowing searching.

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3931989 280/112 R,112 A,282,283 180/25 R,27 Connecting device for front and rear frame of tricycle, T. Nagamitsu, Jan 13, 1976, Daihatsu Motor Company 1F1T motorized scooter see 3583727 I read that Daihatsu bought the Ariel Three patent, perhaps this is one of their imporvements for the 'Diahatsu Hello' scooter. It is for a 'connecting device' of the ront/rear sections and seems to purposefully restrict lean with rubber damping instead of the Ariel's metal torsion bars Calls:

2221196 Nov., 1940 Klavik 280/112.
2819093 Jan., 1958 Geiser 280/112.
2878032 Mar., 1959 Hawke 280/112.
3504934 Apr., 1970 Wallis 280/282.
3583727 Jun., 1971 Wallis 280/283.
3698502 Oct., 1972 Patin 280/282.

3937486 280/263,269,270,277,284,285,286,288,62,92,93,87 R,1.202,1.203,1.204 Tip over control for three wheeled vehicles, A.W. Weiters,Feb 10, 1976 Toy, looks like a conventional high seat child's trike with 1 front wheel that has pedals, but leans by handlebars
3938609 180/27 280/112 R,112 A,111 267/57Tricycle, Y. Kensaku, Feb 17, 1976, Daihatsu Motor Company see 3931989
3958814 280/267,269,261,282,112 A Three wheeled vehicle, Smith 2F3T depicted as pedalled hpv (bicycle)
3964563 180/27,41 280/112 A,6 R,6.1,6.11 A.D. Carling 1F3T depicted as an enclosed motorcycle "vehicle dips inwardly"
3976302 280/6.154; 180/41; 280/124.112; 280/400; 301/125, Pivoting axle system for terrain vehicles, S.O. Hammarstrand, Augt 24, 1976, pivoting axle system for an articulated tractor
3995875 280/282,283,87 R,111,112,87.04 R,87.04 A,11.19, Tricycle. H. Wada, Suzuki Motor Company see 3880449
4003443 180/217; 180/361; 280/104, Multiple wheel motorcycle suspension and drive syste, G.N. Boughers, Jan 18, 1977 1F3T narrow track
4006916 280/282; 180/215; 188/140A; 188/190; 403/84, Lockable articulation, P. Patin, Feb 8, 1977,
4020914 180/210; 180/15; 280/267, Stabilized three-wheeled vehicle, W. Trautwein, May 3, 1977, motorcycle that tilts by foot pedals
4036506 280/22.1, Tiltable sled, R. Scheib, July 19, 1977,  This is a tilting sled, it has no wheels.
4045048 280/278; 280/221; 280/293, C.C. Irwin, Aug 30, 1977, 3-wheel tilting scooter (modern small wheels) GM Toy
4046211 180/41; 180/215; 280/6.156, Wheel-support structures for vehicles, C.D. Allen, Sep inward tilting based on handlebar rotation 6, 1977 see 3964563
4050710 Flaig depiction could have 3 or more wheels
4050711 GM Toy Denzer, General Motors Toy which combines concepts of skateboard and roller skates with handlebars
4050713 GM Toy
4064957 Parham "three-wheel motorcycle" for many passengers, uses hydraulics
4065144 Winchell, General Motors 1F3TNL Stabilized with foot pedals. Depicted as enclosed motorized vehicle.
4065146 GM Toy
4071261 GM Toy
4072325 Bright 2F3T seems to use a "pendulum" to control lean automatically
4087101 Toy
4087104 GM Toy
4087106 GM Toy
4088199 Trautwein 2F3TNL depicted as a motorcycle which uses foot pedals to help with lean control
4126322 Mika depicted as a 2FAL three-wheeled vehicle for negoiating sideways on slopes without overturning and described as having automatic lean control
4123079 GM Toy
4132435 Wilson 2F3TNL steering determines the lean angle regardless of speed
4133551 GM Toy
4159128 Blaine mechanism for "tilting the outside wheel at a greater angle than the inside wheel in the direction of the turn in order to automatically compensate for the effects of lateral forces"
4159752 Kanno, Yamaha motor company. 1F drivetrain motor noncentered placement, not certain if leans
4165093 GM Toy
4198072 Toy Hopkins
4209072 Orlandea Deere company (similar to Calleja, Boughers) large construction machine
4281844 Jackman Toy
4283074 Tidwell many passenger vehicle
4316520 Yamamoto, Honda motor company. 1F2TNL seems to be an improvement of the Gyro/Stream to drive both rear wheels to avoid torque steer
4325565 GM Toy
4340125 Honda Stream/ Gyro/ Canopy ? 1F1TNL
4351410 Townsend 1F or 2F vehicle with powered automatic lean using a parallelogram
4356876 Honda Stream park-lock
4359231 Mulcahy Toy with steering controlled by leaning 1F
4360224 Sato, Yamaha motor company 2F3TNL
4368796 Patin tilt control apparatus
4375293 Solbes 2F3T narrow track (refs Boughers)
4385770 Mitchell leaning sidecar motorcycle
4408776 Randolph 2F3TNL unusual idea- back wheel pivots from side to side to change back wheel location.
4421194 Kawasaki, Honda motor co 1F1LNT pivot point assembly drawing depiction looks like the Stream/Gyro
4423795 Winchell, General Motors 1F1LNT apparently this is the GM Lean Machine which was published in Road & Track January 1983, pp 80B,C,D
4424877 Kawasaki , Honda motor co. 1F1LNT looks like development of Gyro/Stream
4429760 Koizumi , Honda motor co. 1F1LNT looks like development of Gyro/Stream
4432561 Feikema Toy
4437535 Winchell, General Motors see 4423795
4448436 Ohzono, Honda motor co. park lock perhaps for Gyro/Stream
4451064 Perkins 1F1LNT depicted as human pedal powered, seems to focus on chain drive mechanism
4453616 Porter, Yamaha motor company. allows for 'slight' tilting of the frame by the rider
4469188 Mita, Honda motor company, seems to be an improvement of the Gyro/Stream in that the motor is situated so that it is not unsprung weight
4469344 Coil, 2F3T steering controlled lean, apparently regardless of any factor except steering
4470611 Duphily not certain if this intends to make a leaning vehicle
4477097 Hayes leaning motorcycle sidecar
4484648 Jephcott, 2F1TAL This is the machine of which there were very brief articles in Popular Science July 1980 p95 and November 1989 p63. see also
4487429 Ruggles depicted as 4 wheeled automobile with objective of keeping vehicle level in curves, not compensating for full lateral force on passengers. Claims to be more simple and less expensive than others.
4497502 Forbes, Huffy Corp. bicycle company. 1F3TNL depicted as a recumbent human pedalled vehicle steered by leaning
4526392 Berkstresser depicted as recumbent human pedalled vehicle with steering by lean
4534439 Shimazaki, Honda motor company park lock perhaps for the development of the Gyro/Stream
4540192 Shelton Toy
4541501 Kawasaki, Honda motor company. looks like a development of the Gyro/Stream to independent rear suspension
4546997 Smyers 2F3TAL This is the Mother Earth News 3VG which was described in that magazine Sept/Oct, Nov/Dec 1983. magazine founder Shuttlesworth is listed as coinventor. see also 4600216
4550926 MacIsaac this is depicted as a 4 wheeled automobile as a wheel leveling device to maintain tire contact through turns
4560026 Yanagisawa, Honda motor company. seems to be an improved park lock for the Gyro/Stream
4572535 Stewart 1F1TNL depicted as pedalled human powered front wheel drive, steering controlled with body lean
4580802 Herman Toy
4592441 Marier, Yamaha motor company, 1F1TNL depicted as a motorized off-road vehicle
4600216 Burkholder see 4546997
4624469 Bourne 2F3T 'simplified driver controlled lean' attempts to compensate for lateral forces
4632413 Fujita, Honda motor company. Depicted with both 3 and 4 wheels. It may be that the vehicle leans according to steering without regard to speed.
4634137 Cocksedge 2F3T human powered with rear wheel drive by chain
4647067 Paquette Depictions of both 3 and 4 wheeled vehicles. The 3 wheeled vehicle, especially on sheet 2 of 7 is depicted as having a pivoting yoke, realtively narrow track, off-road vehicle
4650213 Fujita, Honda motor company. see 4632413
4666018 Shibuya, Honda motor company. Seems to be an improvement of the Gyro/Stream. the focus is a damper which varies its strength according to leaning speed
4660853 Jephcott see 4484648
4678053 Watanabe, Honda Motor Company. looks like developments of the Gyro/Stream including reduction of unsprung weight of the rear shock absorber and other potential improvements
4697663 Trautwein 2F3TNL, lean controlled with foot pedals. Depicted as a scooter
4703824 Irimajiri, Honda motor company. Depicted as a 2F enclosed 'carlike' vehicle. Cambers by moving the single wheel from side to side.
principle similar to 4408776
4717164 Levavi. 2F3TNL not certain if machine has speed differeniated lean control, but supposedly automatic lean. Depicted as an enclosed two person human powered vehicle
4740004 McMullen. 2F3TNL parallelogram, depicted as pedal bicycle
4789173 Lofgren. 1F3TNL leaned by moving the front wheel to one side. depicted as a recumbent, front wheel drive pedalled human powered
4854603 Scaduto "automotive" chassis/suspension intended to eliminate camber, could be applied to 3 wheeler
4877102 Stewart depicted as 1F3TNL all terrain vehicle
4887829 Prince 1F3TNL rocking yoke rear suspension, depicted as all terrain vehicle
4903857 Klopfenstein 2F3TNL depicted as a pedalled bicycle. Does not vary lean with speed.
4909538 Langton ( looks like a wheelchair sized vehicle though that is never mentioned- purpose? )
4921263 Patin 'inclinable multiwheel vehicle'
4948166 Kaneko, Nissan motor company. 'vehicle height regulating system'
4974863 Patin. 'stabilization device for an inclinable vehicle'
4998596 Miksitz 1F3T front wheel drive by hydraulics. Lean might be controlled by hydraulics.
5040812 Patin 'inclinable vehicle with 3 or more wheels' includes a clutch for lean control
5116069 Miller 1F3TAT lean is motorized hydraulic. depicted as enclosed narrow vehicle
5238258 Michaud leaning motorcycle sidecar
5240267 Owsen 1F1T depicted as pedalled front wheel drive bicycle
5437467 Patin stabilization device for vehicle with 3 or more wheels
5580089 Kolka camber control system for automobiles
5611555 Vidal 1F3TNL depicted as a motorcycle
5678835 Sung 1F1TNL may not differentiate lean angle to speed, depicted as pedalled bicycle
5730453 Owsen 1F1TNL focus is chain drive to rear
5732962 Mageren depicted as an automotive body tilting strategy
5762351 Soohoo inclinable vehicle depicted as human powered by pedals
2F3TAL with computer control lean and manual overide
5765846 Braun, Diamler-Benz motor company. described as a 'curve leaning vehicle' this apparently is the patent for the Mercedes Lifejet
5772224 Tong vehicle tilting system to improve passenger comfort
5927424 Van Den Brink tilt control device, all hydraulic
RE32031 Winchell General Motors 1985 see 4423795
RE32681 Randolph see 4408776
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7571787 Headlight mounting arrangement, Harley-Davidson, Aug 11, 2009, Tilting 3-wheel

7967306 Tilting wheeled vehicle, Robert Mighell, Jun 28, 2011, 280/124.103, 180/41, 280/124.141, 180/210 - add-on front end for motorcycle
8662228 Free-to-lean three-wheeled passenger vehicle, power plant controller and body therefor, Green Lite Motors Corp, Mar 4, 2014, 180/210

EP Patents - European Patent Office (EPO) images back to 1979/80

4230 Patin 1982 device for controlling lean
20835 Jephcott 1985, discusses a variety of theoretical chassis designs
142505 ? Geerlof 1985 (no image available)
153521 Jephcott 1985 especially concerns tilt control hydraulics and actuation
205419 Jephcott 1986 database says, "no image available"
247093 James 1987 titled, "Self-Stabilizing Cambering Vehicle", but there is no image available from the patents database
251906 Patin 1991. tilt control device has some mathematical formula mixed in the French language section
369863 Patin 1993. "Stabilising device for inclinable vehicle" depicted as an enclosed 1F3T
557449 Fought 1996. may be a tilting three-wheeler for handicapped people
560670 Patin 1995."Vehicle Stabilization Device"
606191 Vidal 1997. 1F2TNL
626307 Doveri. 1998. depicted as enclosed tilting trike
686112 Nehrke 1996. 1F3T appears to be a device to connect a chain drive to a rear wheel drive system
796193 Van Den Brink, tilt control device
900713 Holzel, Mercedes company may concern the LifeJet
941198 Aregger same as WO 9824681

WO Patents - World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)

9200217 Vendrami, 1992. similar to GM Toy US patent 4045048
9534459 Van Den Brink, 1995.
9721583 Muccio, 1997. 1F3T
9727071 Geiser, 1997. 1F3T depicted as enclosed motorcycle sized vehicle
9843872 Tomaselli. depicted as enclosed, says has been tested
9824681 Arregger. same as EP941198
9849023 Braun, 1998. Mercedes LifeJet? emergency back-up system
9912795 Ammon, 1999. Mercedes LifeJet? roll control system
9924308 Van Den Brink. tilt control device
9941136 Ficcadenti, 1999. 2F3T

JP Japanese Patents

3109191Tanaka, 1991. Front frame tilted electric tricycle
5039073 Matsuura, Honda motor co. 1993. seems to be a battery powered trike maybe 1F1TNL
5085451 Uchiyama, Suzuki motor company 1993. seems to use a double backbone to tilt a 1F
5008782 Sato, Kubota motor company 1993. looks like a 1F3TNL
5139357 Kamiya, Honda motor co. 1993. 2F3TNL
5155372 Muamatsu, Suzuki motor co. 1F
5155373 see 5155372
5178251 Hikichi, Honda motor company, 1993. might be all wheels leaning, said to be self erecting when stopped. depicted as motorcycle sized vehicle with windshield and roof
7165127 Murakami Isao 1995 "Purpose: To tilt a vehicle body to the right or left relative to a traveling device." depicted as a one-person enclosed vehicle.
9207856 Ishihara, 1997. 1F3T
11011372 Murakami Isao 1999 "swing small-sized three-wheeled vehicle"

Section added 14 April 2002

United States Patents

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