Started this page when researching the Sidewinder missile (Wiki) developed by China Lake Naval Weapons Center (Wiki), aka: Naval Ordnance Test Center (NOTS). This missile uses IR guidance. See the Related paragraph below for more IR and optical devices.
It turns out that the Navy was behind the VT Fuze (Wiki) and that they both depend on a radio fuze that functions in a very similar manner. That's to say a three dimensional map of the trigger envelope comes close to a three dimensional map of the shrapnel.
The first patent on what turned out to be RADAR (Wiki) is this one:
1981884 System for detecting objects by radio, Lawrence A Hyland (Wiki), Albert H. Taylor (Wiki), Leo C. Young (Wiki), Nov 27, 1934, 342/27, 367/128, 342/453, 340/991, 342/407 -
Note that this first RADAR was not pulsed, but rather a CW (Wiki) type more like a Doppler RADAR (Wiki). The SD RADAR (maritime.org) used on subs early in W.W.II only had an "A" range (2 to 30 miles) display, not the PPI (Wiki) rotating type display. In 1943 the SJ RADAR with PPI display was introduced.
Experimental RADAR at US Naval Research Laboratory, Anacostia, D.C. late 1930s (from Wiki)
See Pushing the horizon (Ref 18) pg 91 for a photo of Building 12 in the summer of 1940 showing this
and three other antennas.
Sep 2017 - a photo dated September, 5, 1947 on eBay has the following caption:
"General Electric's motion detector, using the principle of the VT fuze, is displayed here by W.C. White, left, Research Laboratory electrinics engineer, and H.S. Lasher, a research engineer. Five-inch-long microwaves are sent out by the papabolic (sic) reflector, which also receives the reflected signal. When motion is detected the device can be made to operate a light, ring a bell, and perform other tasks."
A 5 inch wavelength corresponds to a frequency of (speed of light / 5") 2,362 Mhz (Wiki: S Band)
2193361 High frequency apparatus Rice Chester W, Gen Electric, Mar 12, 1940, 342/104, 367/91, 343/756, 342/461, 343/836 - differential Doppler - Referenced by 40 patents
In "The Deadly Fuze" (Ref 1) it's mentioned that British worked on a Photo Electric Fuze (as did the U.S.) so I searched for patents related to that and there are a lot of them. Some of them where the publication date is about 20 years after the filing date indicating that they were classified secret. The level of detail indicates that they may be been manufactured in production quantities, probably for some special application. Note that the Sidewinder missile uses thermal IR for guidance and so a PE Fuze that was sensitive to thermal IR would work very well and not be susceptible to jamming.
Note that proximity fuzes can be used on different platforms. Bombs and rockets experience much less acceleration than artillery shells. Also bombs and rockets do not spin at all. So the early work on proximity fuzes was done on bombs and rockets and then later, as high-G components were developed, they applied to shells.
While there are patents the have illustrations that look like production VT fuses, I think 2959128 and more important 3001476 are the heart of the magnetic proximity fuse based on the time delay between the priority date and issue date, i.e. top secret classification. These patents are about antennas that can stand the very high wind velocity of projectiles and not vibrate. The method of operation is to have a magnet (either electro or permanent) and a coil to sense a change in the magnetic filed. This is very different from the "magnetic influence" exploder used on W.W.II torpedoes which did NOT work.
YouTube: Flak Training for Pilots in WW 2 - T.F. I-3389, 1944 - no mention of lethal radius, i.e. how far the burst needs to be for safety.
Horizontal: 300 MPH = 440 feet per second,
Vertical: roughly 1000 feet per second, if 50 foot lethal radius then timing accuracy of 50 milli seconds needed. There are two aspects how repeatable are the shells and are they set to the correct time delay. The proximity fuze was developed to solve this problem where NBS and Harry Diamond were involved.
Proximity Fuzes
There are two fundamentally different weapons platforms that make use of the proximity fuze and the key difference is if it spins on the long axis.
Rifled Barrel
Projectiles fried from a rifled barrel have very high (20,000G) set back forces and spin. Both of these make a reserve battery that uses a glass vial of battery acid work well. The set back force can be use with a "breaker" to open the glass capsule. The spin can be used to force the acid into the battery plates.
Development of these fuzes was done by the Navy along with the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory.
Smooth Bore (see Army Fuzes below)
Mortars, rockets with non rolling air frames and bombs have lower forces and no spin so reserve batteries are not a good choice.
The development of these fuzes was done by the Army and Harry Diamond leading a group at the NBS which included Wilbur S. Hinman, Jr., Allen V. Astin, Cledo Brunetti, Jacob Rabinow. Also see Radiosonde: Theory & James A. Van Allen (Wiki)
Bomb fuzes need to work in very cold temperatures where dry batteries have low or no output.
Mk 173 VT Proximity Fuze
Photo from Robert M. Gillespie
taken at National Air and Space Museum: Fuze, Proximity, Cutaway (a different model)
It turns out this is in fact for a 5" rocket rather than a rifled gun, so I need to move it to a different paragraph.
This fuze appears in Ref 9: OP 1480 VT Fuzes for Projectiles and Spin-Stabalized Rockets, 15 May 1946.
Description in Ch 5 VT FUZES FOR SPIN-STABILIZED ROCKETS
and in Ch 2 Description where the various breakers are described. Fig 2 shows the Long Breaker Mk5 MOD 2.
and Fig 3 shows the spin breaker Mk 1 MOD 0.
Table of China Lake Related Weapons
In addition the China Lake folks also patented civilian ideas like garage door openers, headlight dimmers, &Etc.
Date
Title
Description
Guidance
dia
1944-1951 Tiny Tim (rocket) Air to ground (Ship) none
11.75" 1944-1955 Holy Moses (rocket) Air to ground unguided rocket none
5" 1948-1953 AAM-N-5 Meteor Air to Air missile semi active RADAR 8.9"
1949 LTV-N-4 Experimental Rocket none
30"? 1950 - 1954 Ram (rocket) Air to ground (Tank) none
6.5" 1951 - 1969 RUR-4 Weapon Alpha Surface ship to submarine rocket
12.75" 1954–1956 Gimlet (rocket) Air to air/air to ground none
2"
1956 - now
AIM-9 Sidewinder Air to Air missile designed to shoot down bombers, not fighters.
IR 5"
1960s - 1990s AGM-62 Walleye Air to Ground bomb TV guided
250 - 2000 lb 1956–1963 BOAR (rocket) Air to Ground W7 Nuke (Wiki)
none
30.5" 1958 Hopi (missile) Air to Surface W50 (Wiki) Nuke bomb
1959 Terasca Sounding Rocket none
18" 1965 AGM-45 Shrike Air to Ground anti-radiation missile (see: RWR Shrike)
8"
1968 C. L. Grenade Launcher 40mm grenade launcher
YouTube: China Lake 40mm Pump Action Grenade Launcher
China Lake 40mm Grenade Launcher at the Range, 10:05
see patent 3435549 on my 40mm web page.none
40mm
1979 CL-20 solid rocket fuel na
na
1983 - now Tomahawk missile Surface ship or submarine to ground Terrain Contour Matching (Wiki) ?
2000 - now SLAM-ER Ship/Air to ground/ship missile
13.5"
A reserve battery (Wiki)
"is a primary battery where part is isolated until
the battery needs to be used. When long storage is required,
reserve batteries are often used, since the active chemicals
of the cell are segregated until needed, thus
reducing self-discharge.". They are used in Sonobuoys where salt water is
the electrolyte and Radiosondes
where room temperature tap water is used for activation as
well as proximity fuzes.
This is one of the modular components of the proximity
fuse. It's my understanding that all of the proximity
fuzes use the same reserve battery, setback switch, Centrifugal switch and I suspect other
components so that they do not need to be engineered for
every new project.
See Ref 45
for a good explanation of how the reserve battery for
artillery shells works.
Capsule to hold reserve
battery electrolyte. This is a promotional item
made by GE. There were other promotional ads, like
for the vacuum tubes that would survive being fired from
a gun.
If 30 million were made over 2 years that's about 40,000
per day.
Somewhere else I read that Christmas tree lights were
impossible to get (the box says "hard to get").
Fuzes designed for artillery
make use of the very high G forces to break the glass
capsule allowing the reserve battery to operate.
It's not clear to me what activates the reserve
battery in a bomb or missile proximity fuze. Reference 11 (pg 134) says that
rockets have enough set back force to break the
glass.
Bombs use a generator rather
than reserve battery as do some rockets.
Generators used either a propeller or turbine.
In some cases the generator shaft turned a gear train
that set off the initiator after some number of
revolutions as a self destruct mechanism. The
frequencies coming out of the generator, no matter
what the bomb or missile speed, needed to be out of
the audio range of the received signal. Hence
the 6-pole generator rather than a 3-pole design which
would have cost less.
From Reference
11 (pg 138):
Perchloric Cell Reserve Battery |
Dry Cell Flashlight Battery |
Lead Acid Cell Car Battery |
|
Voc |
2.2/1.8 |
1.6/1.5 |
2.12 |
Ah/kg |
22 |
10 |
9 |
Wh/kg |
39 |
12 |
17 |
Freezing |
-60 c |
-25 c |
-65 c |
Flash Amps (small cells) |
1.2 |
0.01 |
0.37 |
Rinternal (small cells) |
1 Ohm |
150 Ohm |
5.6 Ohm |
The generators were AC
alternators with stationary windings for
filament and plate voltages and rotors holding
permanent magnets (then Alnico II or
IV). That's to say they were essentially
DC permanent magnet
motors but without brushes. Ref 11 pg 145.
Torpedoes used an
internal impeller powered generator for
electrical power. See the Mk
6-5 Exploder of 1945. This also
acts as a Safe and Arm since the exploder can
not work until the HV capacitor is charged.
There's an ad by the
National Carbon Company (Eveready) "The Shell
with a Radio Brain! . . . the true story of a
mighty secret weapon of World War II", that
claims Eveready batteries were used in the VT
Fuse. I don't see how that's possible
other than in prototypes. If you know more
about this let me
know. The problem with primary batteries is their limited shelf life. Reserve batteries are a way to get around that problem. |
Patents
2147116 Generator for emergency lamps, Gunnar A F Winckler, Filed: 1936-02-11, Pub: 1939-02-14, -
This unit depends on the absorbent material at the bottom all the cells to suck up all the electrolyte. If this does not happen then the series connected cells will short out. I very much doubt this was a viable product, but it has the look and feel of the reserve battery used in the proximity fuze.
2403567 Electrically energized fuse, Jr Nathaniel B Wales, Filed: 1942-01-13 (W.W.II) Pub: 1946-07-09, -
There are two versions. Fig 1 is for munitions shot from guns (battery) and Fig 2 is for bombs (Fig 3) and rockets (Propeller-Generator).
Wales also has patents on the Bazooka base detonator
The Hot Gas - Generator system is covered in patents 2695365 & 3001474 - These hot gas systems can only provide power for tens of seconds, long enough for an air-to-air missile flight, but not long enough for some air-to-ground applications.
The hot gas comes from a rocket fuel grain.
2534056 Deferred action battery, Pitt Arnold, Filed: 1947-05-15, Pub: 1950-12-12, -
2605299 Primary galvanic cell, Teas Jean Paul, Union Carbide, 1952-07-29, -
Replaces the zinc cup in the classical "dry cell" to avoid the problems that causes (leaking).
Jean P. Teas is mentioned in "12 Seconds of Silence" (RWR Ref 3) as part of the team that developed the reserve battery for the proximity fuze.
2656401 Breaker mechanism for deferred action batteries, Franklin L Everett, Navy, Filed: 1945-06-28 (W.W.II) Pub: 1953-10-20, -
This got started after seeing the YouTube on subminiature tubes for the proximity fuze (Ref 26) and hearing aids (also RC model remote controls).
Norman Krim (Wiki) at Raytheon subminiature tube development. Raytheon CK5676 shown. CK549DX shown in 1954 Acousticon Hearing Aid.
John Eng's Rescue: Subminiature Tubes -
RK61 - Gas Triode Receiving Tube - single tube garage door openers and RC models.
2355083 Electrode assembly for discharge tubes, Norman B Krim, Raytheon, App: 1941-01-03, W.W.II, Pub: 1944-08-08, -
2476940 Subminiature type vacuum tube structure, Wood Ross, Raytheon, 1949-07-19, -
3113235 Rugged vacuum tube, Henry H Porter, Karrer Sebastian, Raymond D Mindlin, James A Van Allen, Secretary of the Navy, App: 1944-01-24, TOP SECRET, Pub: 1963-12-03, - subminiature tube for firing from guns for Proximity Fuze.
I've read that Remote Control model airplanes is another area where subminature tubes may have proceeded the proximity fuze, but so far have not found patents.
Model Aviation: The history of Radio Control -
Radio Control History -
2437558 Precision radio remote-control system, Edgar L Rockwood, App: 1943-03-12, [W.W.II], Pub: 1948-03-09, - tubes, reeds, proportional controlMay have been used in Proximity Fuzes from a thread on the Antique Radios web site:
2522893 Remote-control system, Ellison S Purington, RCA, App: 1945-04-05 [W.W.II] Pub: 1950-09-19, - 100 MHz carrier, tones of: 52, 64, 56 & 68 kHz with 100 RPM commutator.
2539618 Vibration responsive apparatus, Walter A Good, Wenrich Loran, Navy, App: 1946-01-15 [W.W.II] Pub: 1951-01-30, - vibrating reed tachometer for Gyro speed measurement
2832426 Teledynamic system for the control of self-propelled vehicles, William A Seargeant, 1958-04-29, - tubes, but what type?
2867394 Pulse control of programming device for aircraft, Frank P Schmidt, 1959-01-06, - with no input control motor goes to neutral position
3151297 High gain superregenerative detectors, Toomim Hershel, Electrosolids Corp, 1964-09-29, -
Since Proximity Fuze tubes would have been custom designed since they were made in very high volumes, the filament voltage would have been 1.25, i.e. to work with a single cell battery. 6.3 V filaments might be for fuzes with wind powered generators, like on bombs, rockets and mortars.
The 5643 thyratron may be a candidate.
Type
Fil
Plate
Description
5636
6.3
165
sharp cut off pentode 5639
6.3
150
pentode 5641
6.3
330
half wave rectifier 5642
1.25
half wave rectifier 5643
6.3
thyratron
5672
1.25
67
PA Pentode 5676
1.25
135
triode 5678
1.25
90
Pentode, beam 5702
6.3
165
sharp cut off pentode 5718
6.3
150
twin triode 5719
6.3
150
twin triode 5783
na
Gas regulator 5787
na
Gas regulator 5829
6.3
dual diode 5896
6.3
twin diode 5977
6.3
180
triode 6021
6.3
165
dual diode 6029
1.25
90
triode 6110
6.3
150
dual diode 6111
6.3
165
twin triode 6247
6.3
250
triode 6397
1.25
135
power pentode 6418
1.25
22.5
PA Pentode
From a post on the Tube Collectors Association:
The submin types that Raytheon theoretically registered in 1948 were the 2B24, 2C27, and 2E27. The "registration" was type-number-only because the characteristics were considered classified (BFD). The unclassified ones were the 2D29 and 2E29.
Type
Fil
Plate
Description
2B24
QF-197
2C27
QF-200C
Oscillator
2E27
QF-206
Audio amp
2D29
SA-782B
GE-NS4
Cold Cathode Thyratron (Wiki) - Thyratrons are used in many W.W.II ear fuzes.
T-172 mortar: 2C27, 2E27/2E29, 2D29
UK: CV474 - b8d base, 0.4"dia x 1.5" long.
2E29
SA-781A
Audio amp Tube Collectors Association - Photo Archive - Links to members web pages -
I watched a documentary on Amazon Prime (17 Feb 2019) titled "The Lonely Halls Meeting" (IMDB). It gave the credit to the Air Force for inventing GPS, but after finding the patent shown in the documentary (the patent number was hidden, but the filing date May 12, 1958 was shown I found the patent and it was for the Transit (Wiki) navigation system, not GPS. So I initially posted the following on my Radar Warning Receiver web page. But after doing more research I'm moving it here because it looks to me like the Navy was really the father of GPS (even though China Lake was not involved as far as I know).
A major event was the launch of Sputnik (Wiki) On 4 October 1957.
After the Powers U-2 shoot down on Mayday (1 May) 1960 these overflights were cancelled. They were replaced by the Corona (Wiki) photo reconnaissance and GRAB (Wiki) satellites, both of which were operational within a year. Note the GRAB ELINT (Wiki) package was designed to detect S-band radar, as used by the SA-2 (Wiki) that shot down Power's U-2 (Wiki). This allowed mapping the location and functional parameters of all the SA-2 systems from space.
There is a GRAB display at the National Cryptographic Museum because it was the first ELINT (Wiki) satellite also see Spy Satellite (Wiki).
Note the photo at the top of the Wiki page for the Transit satellite shows the GRAB satellite sitting on top of it for a dual satellite launch.
Related pages:
MX 4102 Transit Satellite Receiver
Navigation
Sputnik - Transit - GPS
Time & Frequency
Surveying
3172108 Method of navigation, Frank T Mcclure, 1965-03-02, - Transit error 0.03 to 0.07 miles (158 to 369 feet). Because of the Earth's rotation there is no ambiguity for a receiver to the East or West of the satellite ground path. Clock needs to be good to 1 part in 107. This is well within the capability of the first generation HP 5060A Cesium standard that came out in 1964. The patent says crystal oscillators will work, so maybe URQ-10 or URQ-23 were used with Transit? Let me know.
"The precision time standard 51 provides highly accurate timing signals in order that one mile accuracy may be obtained. The time standard 51 may include a crystal oscillator, similar to the oscillator 31 illustrated in FIG. 4, together with a time comparator 52 providing a correcting means which is responsive to the satellite timing signals. Alternatively, time standard 51 may comprise an atomic clock in which case the need for satellite timing signals is eliminated."
75 & 150 MHz operation.
Another response to Sputnik was the development of the Transit (Wiki) navigation satellite system (Electronics:Sputnik & Transit & GPS). Transit depends on having an atomic frequency standard as part of the receiver, which makes for a very expensive receiving system. Also the Nautilus (Wiki) Submarine needed to be on the surface for a long time (maybe a half hour or more) in order to record the full Doppler (Wiki) curve. So a more cost effective satellite navigation system was wanted where the receivers cost less and the Time To First Fix (TTFF) was much shorter. That system turned out to be GPS (Wiki - history).
There is an Amazon Prime documentary titled "The Lonely Halls Meeting" (IMDB) with some information on the development of GPS from the Air Force perspective. The following patent was referenced as the invention of GPS, but it relates to the Transit (Wiki) satellite navigation system. They point to Bradford Parkinson (Wiki) as the "inventor" of GPS but Wiki says "he led the re-architecture of the concept". His first patent (5726659) was filed in 1995. The GPS Wiki says "Roger L. Easton of the Naval Research Laboratory, Ivan A. Getting (Wiki: Project Nobska) of The Aerospace Corporation, and Bradford Parkinson of the Applied Physics Laboratory are credited with inventing it." So the documentary is slanted in favor of the Air Force. Note that the principal inventor and designer of the Global Positioning System, Roger Easton is not mentioned in the documentary. He holds a number of patents starting in 1955. The documentary also claimed that CDMA (Wiki) was developed for GPS, but the Wiki page says it came from Russia. While GPS does make use of CDMA, I'm not aware of it being invented on the GPS program. Gold code (Wiki) is an implementation of CDMA that minimizes the cross correlation between signals and was developed within GPS. Maybe that's what they meant to say in the documentary?
The Space Review: Who invented the Global Positioning System? by Richard Easton (Roger's son), May 22, 2006 - Has a table comparing the Navy's Timation sattelite (Wiki)) and the Air Force 621B satellite (Wiki). To my reading Timation was the key contributor.
Characteristic Navy Timation (Wiki)
AF 621B (Wiki)
GPS Number of satellites 27 3 or 4 groups of 5 24 satellites and 3 spares OrbitsNote3 12,875 km (8 hour orbit, though the 12 hour orbit was also proposed) Geosynchronous or near geosynchronous or high altitude circa 40,000 km 20,300 km, 12.0 sidereal hour orbits Signal sidetone rangeNote 1 Pseudo random sequence Pseudo random sequence Note 2
Time setting on satellites Atomic clocks on each satellite - periodic updates from ground stations No clocks on satellites - time transmitted from seven ground stations Atomic clocks on each satellite - periodic updates from ground stations Note 1: Sidetone Ranging:
"Tracking, Command, Control and Data Acquisition of NASA Flight Programs, Tracking includes sidetone ranging:
Analysis of the "range and Range Rate" Tracking System, 1962 - sidetone ranging on page 3
the book "High Precision Navigation and Geodetic Methods by Linkwitz & Hangleiter, 1989, - page 475 has equations and details and that STR is much better than Time Of Flight (Wiki: TOA)
Note 2: Pseudo Random Sequence
Because of the process gain (Wiki) involved with the pseudo random code the GPS signal on the surface of the Earth is below the thermal noise (Wiki). This means that someone who looks for the signal on a spectrum analyzer will not see it. That's to say it is a covert signal. In order to detect the GPS signal you need to know how it's modulated.
Another aspect of this is that all GPS satellites transmit on the same channel. That's to say they all are interfering with each other. So the signal to noise ratio is always the same since the interfering signals are always about the same. Improving the s/n ratio can only be done by good processing of the signal, not conventional analog methods.
Note 3 Orbits
The documentary says the orbit height was chosen based on the throw weight (Wiki) of the known type of booster rocket and the trade off between the satellite weight versus the weight of the inter orbit rocket. The result was an orbit with a period (Wiki) around 12 hours. I've also read that a period of 12:00:00 sidereal (Wiki) hours was chosen so that the ground track (Wiki) would repeat. This would make testing the system much easier during the time before all the satellites were functional.
Missile Gap
Around this time the Air Force and the Gaither Committee (1957) were saying there was a missile gap (Wiki), i.e. that Russia had many more ballistic missiles than the US, so there should be a major spending program to build more missiles. A strong motivator for the U-2 program and spy satellites was to get an answer to this question. It turns out there was no "missile gap". see Aerial Photography Ref 7
3384891 Method and system for long distance navigation and communication, Roy E Anderson, GE, 1965-02-11, 342/357.64; 455/13.1; 968/922; 342/353 -
3643259 Navigation satellite system employing time synchronization, Ronald S Entner, 1970-02-20, 342/357.21; 701/492 - maybe using Timation satellite (Wiki) to improve Inertial Nav.
3789409 Navigation system using satellites and passive ranging techniques, R Easton, 1970-10-08, 342/357.21 -
CA986611 Navigation by means of a passive ranging technique, Navigation by means of a passive ranging technique, Roger L. Easton, Navy, 1973-09-11, - Maybe the first GPS patent?
3172108 Method of navigation, Frank T Mcclure, Navy, based on application serial 736435 filed May 12, 1958 (7 months after Sputnik). 150 MHz only Transit system. Precision time (frequency) standard (51) needed to get 1 mile accuracy (but Fig 2 shows between 158 to 316 feet error). The Earth's rotation is taken into account.
3191176 Method of navigation, William H Guier, Navy, 1962-09-18 - The McClure system is "expensive and complicated" This is a Transit system operating at 150 & 400 MHz.
3906204 Satellite positioning apparatus, James W Rigdon, Saburo Ifune, Leroy D Graber, Seiscom Delta Inc, 1973-04-20, 701/514; 342/357.22; 342/357.25; 342/357.65; 342/357.59 - Transit using Doppler
4555708 Dipole ring array antenna for circularly polarized pattern, Douglas K. Waineo, Sam S. Wong, Air Force, 1984-01-10, - the documentary pointed out how this antenna cut the power requirement for a GPS satellite in half because it shapes the power to the Earth gets a more uniform coverage. Quite a big deal and the antenna system still used on the current satellites.
A key GPS patent is by Trimble (Trimpack)
4754465 Global positioning system course acquisition code receiver, Charles R. Trimble, 1984-05-07, - This design uses a very simple (inexpensive) RF front end and a low speed microprocessor to deliver a complete GPS receiver. I believe the Trimpack was the receiver requested by the troops in Desert Storm (Wiki: Gulf War), not the marine and aircraft units shown in the documentary.
4972431 P-code-aided global positioning system receiver, Richard G. Keegan, Magnavox Electronic Systems Co, 1989-09-25, 375/150; 342/357.69; 380/258 - by squaring P-code, not as good as Ashtech method (US5134407A). In both these cases precision surveying can be done without knowing the secret P-code key.
5040240 Receiver architecture for use with a global positioning system, Richard G. Keegan, Magnavox Electronic Systems Co, 1989-11-30, 455/260; 342/356; 342/357.63; 342/357.72; 342/357.75; 455/264; 455/315; 701/468 - cleaver synchronization of LOs and sampling to lower phase errors.
Also see my GPS & Satellite Navigation patents web page.
YouTube:1967 Navy Satellite Navigation; IBM 7094; AN/UYK Computer History Archives, 28:47 - "The Navy Navigation Satellite System". Historic methods: Sextant, LORAN, INS. This is about the Transit system.
Space Fence AN/FPS-133, NAVSPASUR (Wiki)
Roger L. Easton, the father of GPS also invented the Space Fence. Found that out when looking at his patents.
This was a 216 MHz Radar system designed to detect satellites and determine their orbital parameters (Wiki). It was shut down in 2013 and has been replaced by an S-Band (Wiki) system.
3122741 Device for detecting objects in space, Roger L Easton, Navy, 1961-03-30, -
3603885 Spectrographic IF preselector, Charles A Bartholomew, Roger L Easton, Navy, 1965-03-30, - "A device for automatically tuning interferometer-type receivers in a space surveillance system comprising receiving means, a comb filter comprising a plurality of channels, each including a filter, and a tuning means connected to each filter." 108 MHz input with 16 kHz bandwidth. Today DSP filtering would be used instead of the 256 discrete 30 Hz BW crystal filters used here. (256 chan* 30Hz = 7680 Hz, not 16 kHz?) The IF output is between 16 kHz and 32 kHz. The Agilent 4395A spectrum analyzer could replace almost all of this patent and provide a true 1 Hz IF bandwidth.
3504367 Method of ranging compatible with space surveillance system, Roger L Easton, Navy, 1963-02-28, 342/83; 342/129; 342/127 - only requires 2 locations, the prior versions required a pair of receiving stations located on either side of the transmitting station, 3 stations in total. range info by shifting the Tx frequency.
3406397 Satellite angle and altitude measuring system, Roger L Easton, Thomas B McCaskill, Navy, 1967-07-21, 342/156; 342/357.52; 342/127; 342/146 -
2020 March 27 Space Force: USSF announces initial operational capability and operational acceptance of Space Fence - "...initial operational capability and operational acceptance of the Space Fence radar system, located on Kwajalein Island in the Republic of the Marshall Islands,... Information about objects tracked by the SSN is placed in the space catalog on www.space-track.org (requires mil login ID)....capable of detecting objects in orbit as small as a marble in low earth orbit (LEO)."
A parallel optical method of detecting satellites was the GEODSS (Wiki) system made by TRW. Another was the Baker-Nunn camera (Wiki).NOSS (Wiki)
Looking for patents. This is an outgrowth of the HawkEye360 satellites.
Satorbs.org - NOSS Double and Triple Satellite Formations -
Paul D. Maley - Spy Satellites -
Wiki: SAR,
This was developed by the U.S. Navy in order to locate ships at sea anywhere on Earth. It has been copied by China (Wiki: Yaogan).
3806929 Method for the detection of radar targets, R Moore, Navy, 1974-04-23, -
4101891Surface roughness measuring system, Atul Jain, NASA, 1978-07-18, -
4204655 Broadband interferometer and direction finding missile guidance system, Joseph F. Gulick, James S. Miller, Alan J. Pue, Navy, App: 1978-11-29, Pub: 1980-05-27, 244/3.19; 342/375; 342/424- works as part of the guidance system of a rolling air frame missile. Allows pointing an (optical?antenna) device at the source of the signal. This needs to be done using a frequency independent method.
4292634 Real-time multiple-look synthetic aperture radar processor for spacecraft applications, Chialin Wu, Vance C. Tyree, NASA, 1981-09-29, -
4494211 Balanced system for ranging and synchronization between satellite pairs, Jay W. Schwartz, Navy, App: 1982-11-24, Pub: 1985-01-15, 375/356; 368/47; 375/358; 701/531; 702/89; 73/1.44; 73/1.45; 968/922 -
4450444 Stepped frequency radar target imaging, Donald R. Wehner, Michael J. Prickett, Navy, 1984-05-22, -
4633255 Method for sea surface high frequency radar cross-section estimation using Dopler spectral properties, Dennis B. Trizna, Navy, 1986-12-30, - 3 to 6 Mhz
4851848 Frequency agile synthetic aperture radar, Donald R. Wehner, Navy, 1989-07-25, -
5233354 Radar target discrimination by spectrum analysis, Duane Roth, Larry M. Morrison, Navy, 1993-08-03, -
5719584 System and method for determining the geolocation of a transmitter, James C. Otto, SPHERIX Inc (Harris), App: 1996-09-03, Pub: 1998-02-17, 342/465; 342/387; 342/457 - combines Time and Angle of arrival methods. Cited by71,80 other patents.
Ciatations:5986972 Beam pattern shaping for transmitter array, Peter C. Li, Navy, 1999-11-16, -
3789413 Radio navigation system, G Ross, R Jacobson, Honeywell, 1974-01-29, - Angle of Arrival
4888593 Time difference of arrival geolocation method, etc., Joseph S. Friedman, John P. King, Joseph P. Pride, III, NSA (Signal Science), 1989-12-19, - Time of Arrival
5317323 Passive high accuracy geolocation system and method, Joseph P. Kennedy, Christopher D. Roller, Robert W. Hooper, Allen Telecom (E-Systems), 1994-05-31, - Time of Arrival - for cell phone location
5493308 Close range fault tolerant noncontacting position sensor, Dennis N. Bingham, Allen A. Anderson, Lockheed Martin (DOE), 1996-02-20, -
Time of Arrival
5526001 Precise bearings only geolocation in systems with large measurements bias errors, Conrad M. Rose, Kurt M. Dangle, Northrop Grumman Guidance and Electronics, 1996-06-11, - "Bearing rate of change, or equivalently bearing differences"
5596313 Dual power security location system, Victor P. Berglund, Richard R. Jaffe, Personal Security and Safety Systems, 1997-01-21, - First: Time of Arrival, then Angle of Arrival.
7646327 Synthetic aperture radar motion estimation method, Will Freeman, Duane Roth, Navy, 2010-01-12, -
8023760 System and method for enhancing low-visibility imagery, David L. Buck, Brian T. Williams, Elan Sharghi, Navy, 2011-09-20, -
8422738 Adaptive automated synthetic aperture radar vessel detection method with false alarm mitigation, John C. Stastny, Michael R. Hughes, Keith Pifko, Daniel Garcia, Bryan Bagnall, Heidi Buck, Navy, 2013-04-16, -
8958602 System for tracking maritime domain targets from full motion video, Corey A. Lane, Heidi L. Buck, Joshua S. Li, Bryan D. Bagnall, John C. Stastny, Eric C. Hallenborg, Navy, 2015-02-17, -
Nomenclature
In the Re column:
ASROC = Anti-Submarine ROCket (Wiki) started in service 1961
FAX = Fuel Air eXplosive (Wiki)
FFAR (Wiki) "Mighty Mouse" Folding Fin Aerial Rocket, 2.75" spin stabilized, used in Air-to-Ground roles
Fluidics Wiki
GlowStick = Glow Stick (Wiki)
HMD = Helmet-mounted display (Wiki)
JATO = Jet assisted take-off (Wiki)
PE Fuze = Photoelectric Fuze (precursor to radio proximity fuze)
ResBat =Reserve Battery
RWR = Radar Warning Receiver (see my RWR web page)
SADF = Safe and Arm Device + Fuze (Wiki)
Shrike = Shrike missile (Wiki)
SW = SideWinder (Wiki)
SWmfg = manufacturing equipment for Sidewinder
SWtest = test equipment for the Sidewinder
TRANSIT = TRANSIT satellite (Wiki)
TV =Television (Wiki)
VT Fuze = Proximity Fuze (Wiki) developed during W.W.II - Note can be used against aircraft or ground targets. YouTube: Critical Challenge: A History of the Proximity Fuze presented by Stephen Phillips -
wEye = Wall eye (Wiki)
Patent Dates
Projects at China lake (it's not easy to correlate the patents with their project). The below table is in more or less chronological order based on patent issue date.
Most patents are granted within a range of the same year to a few years after the application. If the subject is a SECRET then the publication is delayed, in some cases forever, or other cases up to 40 years. So whenever there's a long time delay between application (or priority) date and Issue/Publication date something special may be going on.
PS It's highly probable that most patents are granted on Tuesday. I've never seen a non Tuesday publication date. Be suspicious of a patent date that is not Tuesday.
Photoelectric Fuzes
PE fuzes were used on the 4.5" solid fuel M-8 rocket (Wiki). see Ref 7 for a lot of information on PE fuzes and some info on radio proximity fuzes. The rocket was launched from the ground and Army Air Force planes. 2.5 million rockets were made for W.W.II. The ground launched rocket was inaccurate. The air launched rocket was inferior to the Navy 5" High Velocity Aircraft Rocket (Wiki: HVAR).
The warhead for the HVAR included shells for the Navy 5"/38 gun. Note these shells were fitted with radio proximity fuzes when used on guns so probably could also be used on the HVAR.
The TDU-11/B Rocket was used as a target for the Sidewinder missile. It was fitted with four 1" dia x 10" long flares. The TDU-11 could be fired from the same plane that would launch the AIM-9 Sidewinder.
Frequencies
The tubes used in the proximity fuzes would work up to 200 Mhz. The T-5 fuze for the M-8 rocket (Wiki) used three frequencies below that upper limit with code names of Red, Yellow, Green which were near the resonant frequency of the M8 rocket (Wiki). It was 33" (0.838m) long. If the resonant frequency corresponds to 1/2 wavelength then a wavelength is 1.676 m or a frequency of 179 MHz. Ref 11 (pg 159). Note Ref 11 was published in 1947 with a SECRET classification but the frequencies were at a higher classification, at least TOP SECRET. Yet it's fairly easy to figure out.
For bombs the frequency codes were White and Brown. Later a single frequency "Brown-20" was used for all bombs between 100 and 2,000 pounds.
Patent Table
Pat No. |
Re |
Title |
Date |
Inventor |
Assigned to |
Class |
1388932 | Aerial torpedo | Aug 30, 1921 | Hugo Centervall | Optically Guided smart bomb |
||
1506785 |
Gravity Bomb |
Sep 2, 1924 | Elmer
A. Sperry |
Remote Radio control |
||
1858969 | Electric (contact) fuse for projectiles | May 17, 1932 | Herbert Ruhlemann | Rheinische Metallw & Maschf | ||
2021491 | Electrical pyrometer resistance | Nov 19, 1935 | Samuel Ruben | Vega Mfg | ||
2404553 |
Electric fuse and setting apparatus Time only 5 - 30 seconds for bombs (not shells) |
1946-07-23 5 year delay |
Jr
Nathaniel B Wales |
|||
2060206 | PE Fuze | Torpedo | Hammond Jr John Hays | so torpedo explodes under center of ship |
||
2137598 | PE Fuze | Artillery
projectile - light activated |
Mauritz Vos | Ericsson
Telefon Ab Referenced by 52 patents |
||
2193361 | Doppler |
High frequency apparatus | Mar 12, 1940 | Rice Chester W | Gen Electric | Wiki:
Doppler RADAR |
2242275 |
Electrical Translating System and Method
(10 Ghz Oscillator?) |
Russell H. Varian |
Stanford Univ. |
|||
2255245 |
PE Fuze |
Firing Device |
Sept. 9, 1941 |
Clyde
B. Ferrel |
Federal
Ordnance Inc. Photoelectric Fuze w/built-in light Referenced by 38 patents a precursor to the Radio based fuze. |
|
2272969 |
Prism Batt |
Galvanic battery |
1939-01-28 |
Harry
F French |
National
Carbon Co |
|
2310623 | Polarimetric apparatus (measure optical
rotation) |
Roger S Estey | Spencer Lens Co | |||
2330694 | Spectrometer | Estey Roger S, Harper Kennard W | ||||
2351743 |
Automatic fuse setting apparatus |
1944-06-20 |
Ralph R Chappell, Rutger B Colt |
Bendix Aviation |
to set mechanical time fuze |
|
2410832 |
Snap-on propeller (quick on or off, application?) |
1946-11-12 (2 year delay) |
William
B Mclean |
Sec of War |
||
2353716 | Colorimetric apparatus | Estey Roger S, Harper Kennard W, Peck William F | ||||
2403567 |
Res Bat or Gen |
Electrically energized fuse | 1942-01-13 | Jr Nathaniel B Wales | may be first of this type |
|
2403975 |
TV |
Automatic following system |
1946-07-16 (5 year delay) |
Robert
E Graham |
Bell
Labs |
|
2404343 | PE Fuze |
Phototube and
method of manufacture (Hi G) |
Jul 16, 1946 | Henderson Joseph E, Janes Robert B | Secretary of Navy, Rca Corp | |
2404553 |
Fuze |
Electric Fuse and Setting Apparatus 10 to 40 seconds in 3 ranges |
July 23 1946 |
N.B. Wales Jr. |
||
2406372 |
High-frequency apparatus (Z matching) |
Aug 27 1946 |
William W Hansen, John R Woodyard |
Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc | ||
2406405 |
1N23 |
Coaxial condenser crystal and method of
making same 1N21, 1N23 cartridge type |
Aug 27 1946 |
Frederick L Salisbury |
Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc | |
2414103 |
Apparatus for
controlling missiles in flight bomb follows radar beam (Wiki: beam riding) |
Jan 14, 1947 (6 year delay) |
Hunter Paul B | Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc | ||
2414836 | SADF |
Timing unit for centrifugal switches | Jan 28, 1947 | Walter Rickmeyer Ernst | Jefferson Electric Co | |
2414897 | SADF | Electrode attachment | Jan 28, 1947 | Walter Rickmeyer Ernst | Jefferson Electric Co | |
2419828 | SADF | Setback switch | Apr 29, 1947 | Ferris Robert G | Us Navy | |
2421085 |
Target seeking aerial bomb (early
attempt?) |
1947-05-27 |
Gregory V Rylsky |
Bendix Aviation Corp |
||
2421859 |
Mechanical time fuse |
1947-06-10 |
Maurice P Whitney |
Bendix Aviation Corp |
||
2423885 | Radiant energy detecting
apparatus (visible and thermal IR to locate ship) |
Jul 15, 1947 (6 year delay) |
Laurens Hammond | Referenced
by
33 patents |
||
2424390 |
VT |
Switch |
1947-07-22 | Robert
G Ferris |
Secretary of the Navy | set back operated switch for use in projectiles. |
2428850 | Battery |
Deferred action dry cell with magnesium
electrode |
1947-10-14 (6 year delay) |
Herbert
E Lawson |
Burgess Battery Co |
|
2434723 | SADF mfg |
Means for measuring volumetric samples | Jan 20, 1948 | Ellen L Shook | not assigned |
|
2435602 |
SADF | Switch | Feb 10, 1948 (4 year delay) |
Walter Rickmeyer Ernst | Jefferson Electric Co | |
2436601 | SADF | Switch element | Feb 24, 1948 | Walter Rickmeyer Ernst | ||
2436602 | SADF | Timing switch | Feb 24, 1948 | Walter Rickmeyer Ernst | ||
2441387 |
Doppler |
Electronic squaring circuit | May 11, 1948 ( 4 year delay) |
Berger France B, Higinbotham William A | Jefferson Electric Co | |
2445306 |
Thermal Battery |
Electrolyte for primary cells comprising
lithium bromide (Magnesium & silver electrodes) |
1948-07-13 (5 year delay) |
Herbert
E Lawson |
Department
of Navy |
see 2428850 |
2445594 |
Telecentric projection lens (tool makers) |
1948-07-20 |
Harold
F Bennett |
Navy |
||
2449862 | SADF |
Centrifugal circuit breaker | Sep 21, 1948 (4 year delay) |
Walter Rickmeyer Ernst | Jefferson Electric Co | |
2455620 | SADF |
Centrifugal switch | Dec 7, 1948 (4 year delay) |
Sreb Jules H | Sec of War - | |
2458470 | SADF |
Centrifugal unshorting device | Jan 4, 1949 (6 year delay) |
Flett William J, Hafstad Lawrence R | Secretary of the Navy | |
2464181 |
Rocket device |
1949-03-08 (6 year delay) |
Charles
C Lauritsen |
Secretary of the Navy | ||
2480563 | SADF |
Safety device for fuses | Aug 30, 1949 (6 year delay) |
Ferris Robert G, Jordan James D | Us Navy | |
2496316 | Rocket
projector = Bazooka (Wiki,
Shaped
Charge) |
Feb 7, 1950 (7 year delay) |
Skinner Leslie A, Uhl Edward G | Sec of War - | ||
2498026 | SADF |
Mercury switch tester | Feb 21, 1950 | Brown Calvin F | Secretary of the Navy | |
2498040 | SADF |
Setback switch | Feb 21, 1950 (7 year delay) |
Ferris Robert G, Jerdan James D | Secretary of Navy | |
2501787 | SADF |
Closure and contact for mercury switches | Mar 28, 1950 (5 year delay) |
Walter Rickmeyer Ernst | Jefferson Electric Co | |
2509527 | SADF |
Centrifugal switch | May 30, 1950 (5 year delay) |
Walter Rickmeyer Ernst | Jefferson Electric Co | |
2509903 |
Fuze |
Antenna and oscillator coil unit (155 note spiral antenna coil) |
May 30 1950 (7 year delay) |
R.B.
Brode, R.G.
Ferris |
Secretary of the Navy | |
2513157 | Nose structure for projectiles | Jun 27, 1950 (7 year delay) |
Dike Sheldon H, Ferris Robert G | Us Navy | ||
2522536 | ? |
Mechanical acceleration integrator | Jacob Rabinow | |||
2523327 | (airplane) Remote-control mechanism | Jacob Rabinow | ||||
2527712 |
Doppler SD RADAR? |
Electrical apparatus | Oct 31, 1950 (5 year delay) |
Dicke Robert H | Sec of War - maybe the SD radar used in subs "to radio-echo detection systems of the Doppler type "where the position of moving targets are determined" by changes in frequency of received signals." |
|
2535274 | RADAR | Moving Target
Indicator (MTI) |
Dec 26, 1950 (5 year dealy) |
Dicke Robert H | Sec of War - Plan Position Indicator (Wiki: PPI) Moving Target Indicator (Wiki: MTI) |
|
2534056 | Res Bat |
Deferred action battery | Dec 12, 1950 | Pitt
Arnold (Canada) |
||
2541603 | SADF |
Fuse (threaded 2 pin spanner to install) |
Feb 13, 1951 (8 year delay) |
Nichols Harry J | not assigned |
|
2542430 | Automatic regulation of timepieces | Jacob Rabinow | ||||
2544685 | VT Fuze test |
Testing device | Mar 13, 1951 | Jackson Frank H | Secretary of the Navy | |
2558000 | SADF |
Adjustable arming mechanism | Jun 26, 1951 | Jacob Rabinow | ||
2568762 | Autofocus enlarger | Jacob Rabinow | ||||
2575360 | Magnetic fluid torque and force transmitting device | Rabinow Jacob | ||||
2586861 | SADF | Arming cover for fuses (lockable, changes propeller arming) | Jacob Rabinow | |||
2593120 | RADAR |
Wave guide transmission system | Apr 15, 1952 (7 year delay) |
Dicke Robert H | Us
Sec War Magic-T |
|
2596171 | SADF |
Pressure switch for fuses (high air velocity) | Jacob Rabinow | |||
2597758 | VT Test |
Setback gauge | May 20, 1952 (7 year delay) |
Sreb Jules H | Us Navy | |
2606248 | Transmit receive device |
Aug 5, 1952
(7 year delay)
|
Dicke Robert H | Sec of War - Wave guide T/R Switch |
||
2611125 | Doppler |
Doppler radar system | Sep 16, 1952 (7 year delay) |
Dicke
Robert H (Wiki) |
Sec of War - looks like a microwave
system that uses a "Magic-T" (see: 2686901) maybe the SD radar used in subs |
|
2615158 |
Radio object locating system A-Scope display (Wiki) |
1952-10-21 (9 year delay) |
Edwin
K Stodola |
Sec of War - | ||
2622713 | High-speed magnetic fluid clutch | Rabinow Jacob | ||||
2624836 | Noise |
Radio noise
transmitter (to test radar for jamming, or why?) |
Jan 6, 1953 (8 year delay) |
Dicke Robert H | Sec of War - | |
2624876 | Pulse RADAR |
Object detection system | Jan 6, 1953 (8 year delay) |
Dicke Robert H | Sec of War - Chirp pulse to get narrow pulse and high Tx energy w/o arcing SJ Radar? |
|
2629471 | Radial flux magnetic fluid clutch | Rabinow Jacob | ||||
2643333 |
Data transmission system |
1953-06-23
(8 year delay)
|
Andrew
B Jacobsen |
Dept
of Navy |
||
2644364 | Cartridge case containing propelling rocket igniting charge and rocket projectile | Nass Walter R | ||||
2647465 | SADF |
Device to resist the disarming of bombs | Aug 4, 1953 | Jacob Rabinow | Us Army | |
2650237 | Preparation of hexuronic acids and derivatives thereof | Elonza A Cleveland, Dean H Couch | Corn Prod Refining Co | |||
2655033 | Res Bat |
Spin-testing
device (2-1/2" dia x 10" long: 50,000 RPM) |
Oct 13, 1953 | Burrell Ellis | Secretary of the Navy | |
2655566 | Explosion-proof acoustic device (use in mine) | Pittinger Abraham L | ||||
2655867 | Fuze (impact, see 1858969) |
Oct 20, 1953 8 year delay) |
Jordan James D | Secretary of the Navy | ||
2665896 | Variable resistance acceleration sensitive device (accel transverse to travel) | Kirby Frank J, Vore Willis E | ||||
2656401 | Res Bat |
Breaker mechanism for deferred action batteries | Oct 20, 1953 (8 year delay) |
Franklin L Everett | Secretary of the Navy | |
2667237 | Magnetic fluid shock absorber | Rabinow Jacob | ||||
2682047 | VT/PE Fuze |
Electrical
control system for ordnance fuzes (propeller drives gen for B+ DC pwr: bombs & rockets) Needed because no hi-G force to break glass |
Jun 22, 1954 (9 year delay) |
Allen Harold P | Us Navy | |
2682567 |
Res Bat |
Breaker mechanism for frangible ampule in deferred action battery | Jun 29, 1954 (10 year delay) |
Henry H Porter | Us Navy | |
2686901 | RADAR |
Turnstile junction for producing circularly polarized waves | Aug 17, 1954 (9 year delay) |
Dicke Robert H | Us
Navy Magic-T (Wiki) Wave guide junction |
|
2687095 |
VT/PE Fuze |
Electrically operated fuse |
1954-08-24 (9 year delay) |
Edward J Naumann | US Secretary of Navy | |
2687482 |
Res Bat |
Electric generator(for Prox fuze) |
1954-08-24
(9 year delay)
|
Ralph N Harmon, Edward J Naumann | US Secretary of Navy | |
2690913 | Magnetic memory device (disk hard drive juke box) | Jacob Rabinow | ||||
2692035 | Self-adjusting clutch or brake | Jacob Rabinow | ||||
2695365 | SW |
Regulating
turbine AC electric generator powered by hot gas generator |
1954-11-23 |
Mclean William B | US Secretary of Navy | |
2710578 | SADF |
Arming device | Jun 14, 1955 (11 year delay) |
Jacob Rabinow | ||
2711133 | SADF |
Fuse | Jun 21, 1955 (10 Year delay) |
Harvey Rines Robert | ||
2712791 | Switch | Jul 12, 1955 (13 year delay) |
John Workman Everly, Max Bieakney Robert | Secretary of the Navy | ||
2715007 | Gimbal mounting | Eli A Zeitlin | ||||
2715725 | VT Fuze |
Circuit tester for electronic fuzes for munitions | Aug 16, 1955 (9 year delay) |
Jackson Frank H | Secretary of the Navy | |
2718603 | SW |
Reference
voltage generator (absolute position output) |
1955-09-20 |
Mclean William B | ||
2725492 | Dual
range string accelerometer (meas + and - accel) |
Wallace H Allan | ||||
2725520 | wEye |
Electrical error detector | Woodworth William H | |||
2727140 | Proximity fuse
adjusting means Height above ground based on impedance |
Dec 13, 1955 (11 year delay) |
Bell Richard A | Philco Corp | ||
2727605 | Electrodynamically operated clutch and brake | Jacob Rabinow | ||||
2728221 | Apparatus for applying fluid pressure | Reuben G Klammer | ||||
2730654 | Automatic headlight dimmer insensitive to ordinary lights | Jacob Rabinow | ||||
2731521 | wEye |
Magnetic amplifiers | Crawford Jack A | |||
2732514 | PE Fuze |
Electron Tube PE relay tube (combines PE & thyratron) |
Jan 24, 1956 (12 year delay) |
Joseph E. Henderson | ||
2734384 | Nutation Damper | Donald J. Stewart | ||||
2743412 | SW |
A.
C. power supply driven by hot gas gen |
1956-04-24 |
William B Mclean | Sec
of Navy |
|
2743576 | Propellant impelled turbine | Crockett Sydney Robert | ||||
2743722 | Free diving apparatus | Mclean William B | ||||
2746352 | Optical
indicating device (auto colimator?) |
May 22, 1956 | Roger S Estey | |||
2750887 | Motor mechanism for missiles (hi spin not sidewinder) | Marcus Stanley J | M16
MRLS (Wiki)?
4.5" dia |
|||
2752850 | Self-propelled
missile (3-Fin 2" dia) Gimlet |
1956-07-03 |
Mclean William B, Warner Arthur H | |||
2760188 | PE Fuze |
Proximity control device (minimizes low frequency noise in tube) |
1956-08-21 (5 year delay) |
Guanella Gustav, Guttinger Paul | RADIO PATENTS Co | |
2761309 | Method for determining high intensity transient stresses in impulsively loaded bodies | Pearson John, John S Rinehart | ||||
2766662 | Rocket with electrical contact of wire screen (not SW) | Marcus Stanley J, Mcclung Roderick M, Weinland Clarence E | ||||
2768259 | SADF |
Inertia switch | Oct 23, 1956 | Bild Charles F, Young Felix H | not assigned |
|
2768874 | Method of making hydroxylamine perchlorate | Robson Iii John H | ||||
2769137 | Single bias voltage curve shaping network | Creusere Melville C | ||||
2770885 | Contact indicator for adjustable spherometer | Mapes Joe M | ||||
2775202 |
SW |
Gyroscopic roll control system for
aircraft like Rolleron except pivot shaft is 90 deg to C.L. |
1956-12-25 |
Sydney
R Crockett |
not assigned |
|
2779287 | SADF |
Contact fuze (cluster bombs) | Andrews Laurence M, Jacob Rabinow | |||
2779288 | Propellant powder and process for making same | Besser Eli D, Joseph Cohen | ||||
2794756 | Reinforced plastic article | Roy F Leverenz | ||||
2795661 | Spring wound mechanical intervalometer | Kielman Leo L | ||||
2795705 | Optical coincidence devices (data base) | Jacob Rabinow | ||||
2798433 | Stable sabot (fire missile from gun) | Allan Wallace H | ||||
2798995 | SW |
Electric
motor (Gyro rotor) Gyro stabilized telescope of target seeker |
Mclean William B | |||
2800592 | Rotary
scanner ( Nipkow disc (Wiki)) |
Jacob Rabinow (MD) | ||||
2800794 | Flowmeter | Meneghelli Hugo A | ||||
2801585 | SADF |
Squib (to light rocket motor, no brisance) | Rex L Smith | |||
2809585 | Projectile for shaped charges | Sidney A Moses | ||||
2803885 | Gauging apparatus (AEC tapered edges) | Ruggles Clarence A | ||||
2804822 | Attachment for rocket motors (safe shipping) | Meneghelli Hugo A | ||||
2810097 | Optimum sensitivity automatic biasing circuit (Headlight dimmer) | Jacob Rabinow (MD) | ||||
2810519 | Magnetic amplifier | Creusere Melville C | ||||
2811074 | Cylinder
end angularity gauge |
Jack H Davidson | ||||
2813154 | Telephone call indicator | Jacob Rabinow (MD) | ||||
2820338 | Constant periodic motion device | Jacob Rabinow (MD) | ||||
2821396 | Aerial tow target | Seeley Leonard W | ||||
2821583 | Intervalometer | Kielman Leo L | ||||
2822145 |
Turbine rotor (use with 2743412) has the look and feel of an gyro rotor |
1958-02-04 |
William
B Mclean |
Secretary of the Navy | ||
2822511 | wEye ASROC? |
Magnetic integrator | Crawford Jack A, Mclean William B | |||
2822721 | Shutter attachment for high speed cameras (Explosions) | William C Griffin, Theodore C Parker | ||||
2827594 | Color discriminating headlight dimmer | Jacob Rabinow (MD) | ||||
2834922 | Cellular
method of electronic assembly (Cord Wood) |
May 13, 1958 | Paul J Selgin | Secretary of the Navy | ||
2835631 | Electro-chemical preparation of nitrosoguanidine | Metcalf Harold F, Whitnack Gerald C | ||||
2840078 | Sanitary napkin and holder | Smith Cuba I | ||||
2847329 | Sensitization of photoconductive cells by the use of indium vapor | Lloyd E Schilberg, George G Kretschmar | ||||
2847502 | Telescribing apparatus | Jacob Rabinow (DC) | Telautograph Corp | |||
2851537 | Audio system for drive-in theater | Jeung Jasper L, Rosenberg Harold W, Smith Hadyn L | ||||
2851950 | Rocket fin assembly (free flight rockets) | Aken Ray W Van, Drinkwater William D | ||||
2851986 | Machine for coating igniter lids | Herschelman Henry E | ||||
2854744 | Method of locking and sealing tubular structures rocket motor tubing | Crockett Sydney R | ||||
2855473 | Fluid operated switch | Jacob Rabinow (MD) | ||||
2856852 | VT Fuze |
Proximity fuze | Harry Diamond, Hinman Jr Wilbur S (Top Secret 1944 - 1958) | 102/214, 342/68 | ||
2859293 | Acceleration responsive device (1st stage separation) | Marcus Stanley J | ||||
2859913 | Mail box flag | Paschke Henry A, Paschke William C | ||||
2862660 | Decimal converter (HP AC-4A?) | Robert B Purcell | ||||
2863064 | Scanning type headlight dimmer | Jacob Rabinow | ||||
2863145 | RWR |
Spiral slot antenna | Turner Edwin M | Secretary of the Air Force | ||
2864053 | wEye |
Silicon diode error detector | Woodworth William H | |||
2864056 | Remote impedance indicators | Alfred B C Anderson, Walter H Barkas | ||||
2865726 | Explosive charge for delay fuze (attack airplane wing) | Jenkins Jr Hugh P, Shomate Charles H | ||||
2866413 | Non-propulsion attachment for rockets (safe shipping) | Roquemore Cass R | ||||
2868287 | Delay timer | Estey Roger S | ||||
2872538 | SW |
Inertia
arming switch (for missile) |
1959-02-03 (15 year delay) |
Mclean William B | Secretary of the Navy | |
2872869 |
Rocket base fuze not contact water, but after penetrating metal ship hull |
1959-02-10 (9 year delay) |
Volney
K Rasmussen |
Navy |
||
2872870 | SW |
Igniter squib | Gey William A | |||
2877452 |
Telemetering transmitter for a projectile |
1959-03-10 (15 year delay) |
Allen V Astin (Wiki
- NBS) |
Navy |
||
2878199 | Phenol-aldehyde resins esterified with fatty acids | Erwin L Capener, Robert A Mohr | General Mills | |||
2882822 | Fuze housing | Apr 21, 1959 (15 year delay) |
Crane Clarence B | Secretary of the Navy | ||
2882897 | Breathing apparatus | Mclean William B | American Mach & Foundry | |||
2885635 | SADF test |
Apparatus for testing mercury switches | May 5, 1959 (10 year delay) |
Brown Calvin F | not assigned |
|
2889777 | SADF |
Electrical arming mechanism for fuses (missile safe & arm) | Jacob Rabinow | |||
2891120 | Pressure actuated switch (main then sustainere rocket motor) | Saholt Orville J | ||||
2892093 | PE Fuze |
Fuze | Jun 23, 1959 (15 year delay) |
Henderson Joseph E | Secretary of the Navy | |
2892124 | Noise discriminating, high gain automatic headlight dimmer | Jacob Rabinow (MD) (motor driven reticule) | ||||
2894699 | Toroidal coil winding machine | Onisko Jr John | ||||
2898857 | FE Fuze |
Fuze | Aug 11, 1959 (1 year delay) |
Hafstad Lawrence R, Roberts Richard B | Secretary of the Navy | |
2900242 | Igniter for gas generator grains and propellants (does not crack grain) | Williams Harry, William A Gey | ||||
2900906 | SADF |
Self-destruction device (rockets) | Olsen Charles R | |||
2901525 | Res Bat |
Breaker mechanism for frangible ampoule in deferred action primary cell | Aug 25, 1959 (16 year delay) |
Franklin L Everett | Secretary of the Navy | |
2901569 | SADF |
Centrifugal switch with fluent conductor for rotating projectiles | Aug 25, 1959 (14 year delay) |
Darr Samuel M | Secretary of the Navy | |
2907028 | apparatus for trajectory determination (sig amp ->interference patterns) | George Leitmann, Stirton Robert J | ||||
2908171 | Magnetic torque motor (precessing a gyroscope) | Biberman Lucien M | ||||
2910645 | SADF |
Mercury switch spinner head timing unit | Oct 27, 1959 (9 year delay) |
Boncher Frank G, Sewell Ben W | Secretary of the Navy | |
2911573 | Multiple point altimeter for use with toss bombing integrators | Rabinow Jacob, William B Mclean | ||||
2911639 |
PE Fuze |
Grid-coupled oscillator for proximity
fuze use (prior art rain, fog, dust caused detonation) |
1959-11-03 (8 year delay) |
John
J Hopkins, John
H Kuck |
Secretary of the Navy | |
2912933 | SADF |
Safety device (missile safe and arm) | Jacob Rabinow | |||
2914709 | Photoelectrically actuated garage door opener | Rabinow Jacob (MD) | ||||
2915315 | Servo arm for phonograph pickups | Jacob Rabinow (MD) | ||||
2917664 | Automatic headlight dimmer with antioscillation circuit | Rabinow Jacob (MD) | ||||
2916221 | Coil winding machine | Onisko Jr John | ||||
2918516 | Res Bat |
Deferred action battery containing frangible ampoule and breaker construction | Dec 22, 1959 (14 year delay) |
Franklin L Everett | Secretary of the Navy | |
2918517 | Res Bat |
Deferred action battery |
Dec 22, 1959
(14 year delay) |
Franklin L Everett | Secretary of the Navy | |
2920157 |
VT |
Inertia switch |
1960-01-05 (17 year delay) |
Rabinow
Jacob William B Mclean |
Secretary of the Navy | operates upon sustained acceleration of the projectile in flight to close an arming circuit, and upon substantial cessation of the acceleration closes a second arming circuit, whereby the switch provides a dual safety factor. |
2920568 | SW |
Turbo-generator system | Jacob Rabinow MD) | |||
2921521 | Gas generator assembly | La Haye Frank, Ordahl Douglas D | Navy
|
|||
2921524 | SADF |
Fuze safety device (safe & Arm) | Jacob Rabinow | |||
2921974 |
Res Bat |
Deferred action type battery |
1960-01-19 (17 year delay) |
Lewis M Mott-Smith | Secretary of the Navy | |
2922100 | Wave energy
translating system (heat seeking |
Jan 19, 1960 (16 Year Delay) |
Raymond W Ketchledge | Bell Telephone Lab | ||
2924174 | Combustible pre-spin turbine for spinner rockets | Mclean William B | ||||
2925776 | Combination amplifier and oscillator unit | Feb 23, 1960 (16 year delay) |
Ferris Robert G | Secretary of the Navy | ||
2927145 | Electrolyte leveling system for deferred action type batteries | Mar 1, 1960 (10 year delay) |
Burrell Ellis | Secretary of the Navy | ||
2927213 | PE Fuze |
Electronic
control circuit (not effected by Sun) |
Mar 1, 1960 (15 year delay) |
Marion Thomas M, Streib John F | Secretary of the Navy | |
2927259 | transistor time delay device | Neal Conrad L | ||||
2928347 | SADF |
Inertia arming switch | Mclean William B | |||
2929008 | Electric motor (gyro rotor) | Wilcox Howard A | ||||
2931300 | VT |
Radiant-energy projectile detonating system | Apr 5, 1960 (13 year delay) |
Lord William Burton Housley, Tomlin George Maurice, Turner Henry Cobden |
Secretary of the Navy | " Alternatively, the wave length of the signal can be made relatively so long that the relay operates when the distance be tween aerial and reflector is one-half wave length." |
2931847 |
PE Fuze |
Photoelectric cell mounting | Apr 5, 1960 (15 year delay) |
Robert K Dahlstrom, Daniel W Ross | Secretary of the Navy | |
2931848 | Res Bat |
Breaker mechanism for deferred-action electrical batteries | Apr 5, 1960 (13 year delay) |
Burrell Ellis | Secretary of the Navy | |
2931849 | Res Bat |
Method of manufacturing deferred action batteries | Apr 5, 1960 (13 year delay) |
Burrell Ellis | Secretary of the Navy | |
2931868 | VT Fuze |
Electrical switch | Apr 5, 1966 (14 year delay) |
Helminak John E, Sreb Jules H | Secretary of the Navy for high G applications in projectiles |
|
2931911 | TV |
Detector system for optical scanners (reticule + filters) | Nichols Lawrence W | 250/226, 250/208.2, 359/891 | ||
2933246 | (optical) Reading machine | Jacob Rabinow (MD) | ||||
2933889 | Thrust cut-off apparatus for rocket motors (range limiting) | Tolkmitt Richard G | ||||
2934015 | SADF |
Instantaneously variable electromechanical time fuze (limit range) | Herdman Donald F | |||
2934020 | SADF |
Free flight arming device (Zero G) | Jacob Rabinow | |||
2934287 | PR Fuze test |
Sonde VHF transmitter sends audio |
Apr 26, 1960 (14 year delay) |
Ault John W | Secretary of the Navy | |
2935947 |
SW |
Three axis
gyroscopic aerodynamic damping system Rolleron (Wiki, YouTube1, YouTube2) also see: 3285536 Pie rotary damper & 277520 Gyroscopic roll control system |
10 May 1960 | Leonard T Jagiello | Secretary of the Navy | |
2935950 |
Release mechanism For electric generator shaft w/setback to unlock |
1960-05-10 (16 year delay) |
William
B Mclean |
Secretary of the Navy | ||
2938088 | SADF |
Time delay means for centrifugal switch | May 24, 1960 (10 year delay) |
Ellis Burrell | Secretary of the Navy | |
2938461 | SADF |
Free-flight arming device (bomb & ?) | Jacob Rabinow | |||
2943572 | PE Fuze |
Fuze | Flett William J | Secretary of the Navy | ||
2944221 | Transmitter final with series-tuned self-neutralized tank circuit (space - low wt & vol) | Madden James H, Robinson Gilhert G | ||||
2944384 | Self-actuated automatic regulation of timepieces | Jacob Rabinow | ||||
2946261 | Peripheral nozzle spinner rocket | Crockett Sydney R | ||||
2946820 | High bulk density nitroguanidine | Ronald A Henry, Cohen Joseph | ||||
2948219 | SADF |
Rocket fuze | Sapp Winfred F | |||
2948923 | High pressure, explosive-activated press (>hydr) | Rocca Edward W La, Pearson John | ||||
2949819 |
PEfuze |
Toroidal lens device |
1960-08-23 (18 year dealy) |
Kenneth
D Smith |
Bell
Labs |
The function of this unit is to detect the presence of an object such as an airplane in proximity to its path of travel due to an impulsive reduction in the amount of light incident on the cell and to cause the explosion of the explosive charge. |
2950477 |
Bat? (Wiki) |
System for synchronization and range
measurement with a semiactive radar guided missile |
1960-08-23 |
Frederick
C Alpers |
||
2952207 | Rocket
(which one? BC) rocket
stabalization |
Kamimoto Michael M | ||||
2953302 | Magnetic amplifier servo circuit | Davis Billy E | ||||
2954670 | Method of propellant stowage, arming and initiation of propellant flow for a liquid fuel propulsion system in a liquid fuel rocket motor | Dyer Gail M, Helus Richard R | ||||
2954947 | Rocket assisted pilot ejection catapult | Cecil A Glass, Richard J Zabelka | ||||
2957574 | Apparatus
for continuously feeding articles of finite length
(rocket fuel rods) |
Roy C Compton | ||||
2958135 | Collision-course director (dive or toss bombing) | Charles T Lakin | ||||
2959128 | VT Fuze |
Control device also see: 3001476 |
Nov 8, 1960 (15 year delay) |
Boykin John R | Secretary of the Navy | |
2961933 | SW test |
Airborne
cinetheodolite (missile near bomber) |
Green Elmer E, Kinder Floyd A | |||
2963241 | SW |
Electrical gate phase discriminator (SW) | Edwin G Swann | |||
2963973 | SW |
Gyro optical system (Sidewinder IR tracker) | Roger S Estey | |||
2966316 | Missile
(air to ground Rem Ctrl flashlight In nose) maybe a version of BAT |
1960-12-27 (7 year delay) |
William B Mclean, Newton E Ward | Secretary of the Navy | ||
2967217 | SADF |
Escapement arming switch (safe & arm) | Louis Alpert | |||
2972225 | Motor mechanism for missiles (nozzle) | Cumming James M, Dyer Gail M, Noeggerath Wolfgang C | ||||
2974598 |
Self destruction switch destroys air-ro-air rocket after some time - propeller) |
1961-03-14 (14 year delay) |
William
B Mclean |
Sec of War |
||
2977372 | Process for preparing substituted tetrazoles | Robert H Boschan, William G Finnegan | ||||
2977590 | VT Fuze test |
Method of testing a proximity fuze | Mar 28, 1961 (8 year delay) |
Lovick Robert C | Secretary of the Navy | |
2979614 | wEye |
Sweep-memory voltage generator (based on magnetic amp) | Woodworth William H | |||
2980773 | SADF |
Lateral acceleration switch | Apr 18, 1961 (9 year delay) |
Leaman Audley B, Norman Czajkowski | Secretary of the Navy | |
2981778 | Res Bat |
Spin activated
deferred action battery Ref 3170822 |
Apr 25, 1961 (12 year delay) |
Freund John Mortimer | Secretary of the Navy | |
2981779 | Res Bat |
Stack construction for deferred action type battery | Apr 25, 1961 (12 year delay) |
Freund John Mortimer | Secretary of the Navy | |
2981780 | Res Bat |
Deferred action type battery with involute plates | Apr 25, 1961 (11 year delay) |
Jr Thaddeus C Burnette | Secretary of the Navy | |
2982639 | Explosive compositions (not sticky like RDX) | Gey William A | ||||
2983800 | SADF |
Free flight arming device (zero G) | Jacob Rabinow (MD) | |||
2985105 | SADF |
Wind-operated delayed arming fuze (internal turbine) | 1961-05-23 (14 year delay) |
Jacob Rabinow, Mclean William B | Sec of War | |
2985702 | Res Bat |
Deferred
action battery (VT Fuze bat) |
May 23, 1961 | Orville H Bell, Roswell J Bennett, Jr William G Darland, Russell P Fox, Charles E Ulrich | Union
Carbide Corp formerly National Carbon Co. |
|
2989576 | Res Bat |
Ampule breaker | Jun 20, 1961 (11 year delay) |
John C Jacobs | Secretary of the Navy | |
2990507 | SADF |
Variable safe separation timer | Nuffer Harold D | |||
2992088 | Slurry casting of high explosive content compositions | Burkardt Lohr A, Mclean William S | ||||
2994270 |
AA guidance |
Anti-aircraft Defense Systems |
Aug 1, 1961 (19 year delay) |
Mury I. Hull |
Sec of Navy (light) Beam rider AA missile |
|
2994271 | SW |
Fuze arming device | Hassel William F, Herdman Donald F, Meyer Silver | |||
2994597 | SW |
Slow burning propellent grain with polysulfide polymer coating | William A. Gey | |||
2996008 | Projectile
nose structure (whisker dipole antenna) |
Aug 15, 1961 (17 year delay) |
Allen James A Van, Ferris Robert G | Sec of Navy | ||
2996461 | SW |
Adhesive comprising polymerizable monomeric mixture, peroxide, cobalt naphthenate, and ethyl cellulose sorbate | Paul K Chung, Martin H Kaufman, James J Killackey | |||
3000262 | Photoelectrically controlled rear mirror | Jacob Rabinow, Morse Arthur O | Libman Max L | |||
3000314 |
Proximity Fuze (dielectric nose cone
keeps water in clouds from causing triggering) |
Sep 19, 1961 (15 year delay) |
E. R. Sanders | Sec of Navy | ||
3001474 | SW |
Propellant
servo and power supply for missile guidance (gas
operated, constant torque) The gas generator provides AC power and servo power. |
1958-02-04 |
Crockett Sydney R, Mclean William B, Michael Kamimoto, Montank Howard A | Sec of Navy | |
3001476 | Magnetic fuze
(bomb, atomic?) also see: 2959128 |
Sep 26, 1961 (26 year delay) |
Boykin John R | Secretary of the Navy | ||
3001186 |
Missile guidance system |
1961-09-19
(10 year delay)
|
Otto
J Baltzer |
Secretary of the Navy | ||
3016687 | Safety automatic regulator for timepieces | Jacob Rabinow (MD) | Libman Max L | |||
3001044 | SADF |
Low spin double purpose mercury switch | Sep 19, 1961 (7 year delay) |
Brown Calvin F | Secretary of the Navy | |
3001718 | Radar range converter (compensating gun sight) | Melville C Creusere, John H Gregory | ||||
3004491 | SW |
Arming device (missile not rocket) | Davidson Jack H, De Santo James D, Place Eugene W | Sec of Navy | ||
3009152 | Lead computing and scanning antenna (modified SW system) | Nov 14, 1961 | John M Boyle, John H Gregory | |||
3010815 | Monofuel for underwater steam propulsion (bubbless torpedo) | Firth Pierce, Gey William A | ||||
3011714 | SW? |
Settable magnetic integrator | Dec 5, 1961 | Wheeler Donald H | Secretary of the Navy | |
3012148 | SW? |
Infrared tracker | Franklin Hummer Robert, Snyder Hartland S | |||
3016588 | SW? |
Contact bands for rockets | Jan 16, 1962 | Barnes Paul T, Weinhardt Robert A | ||
3016798 | SW? |
Compact achromatic telescope lens | Jan 16, 1962 | Lawrence Robert E | ||
3020710 | SW? |
Sealing means for rocket nozzles | Feb 13, 1962 | Herzog Stephen H | ||
3033020 | Thermistorized apparatus for differential thermal analysis | May 8, 1962 | Leonard Guy W, Pakulak Jr Jack M | |||
3034745 | Spin-axis stabilized space vehicle structure | May 15, 1962 | Donald J Stewart | |||
3035796 | Dual thrust rocket booster tube | May 22, 1962 | Glass Cecil A | |||
3038973 | Impact switch ( depth charge fuzing system) | Jun 12, 1962 | Alpert Louis | |||
3040661 |
PE Fuze |
Projectile
nose structure Photoelectric Fuze |
Jun 26, 1962 (18 year delay) |
Ross Daniel W | Secretary of the Navy | |
3041298 | ? |
Azeotropic esterification of phenolic resins | Jun 26, 1962 | Berglund Lawrence W, Capener Erwin L, Harrison Stuart A | ||
3041470 | wEye |
Horizontal sweep circuit for cathode-ray tube | Jun 26, 1962 | Woodworth William H | ||
3041665 | SW? |
Cross-head for inhibitor extrusion (propelent grain coating) | Jul 3, 1962 | Emery J Bowers, Rodney D Sutherland | ||
3045428 | SW |
Vortex gas turbine (improved Tesla 1061206) | Mclean William B | Walter G Finch | ||
3045598 | SADF |
Ball set back detent | Jul 24, 1962 | Brown Calvin F, Campbell Richard T, Jackson Roderick M | Secretary of the Navy | |
3046168 | Chemically produced colored smokes (rocket tracer) | Lohr A Burkardt, William G Finnegan, Rex L Smith | ||||
3048076 | Method
of inhibiting propellant |
Erwin L. Capener | ||||
3048109 | SW? |
Wing assembly | Aug 7, 1962 | Feemster John R | ||
3048970 | SW |
Plastic nozzle plate for missile motors | Aug 14, 1962 | Stephen H Herzog | ||
3050429 | ? |
Polyethylene inhibitor for propellant | Aug 21, 1962 | Jack H. Baxby | Secretary of the Navy | |
3051991 | ? |
Vacuum type potting fixture for coating articles (propelant grains) | Sep 4, 1962 | Hanzel Joseph W | ||
3052090 | SW? |
Heat shield and nozzle seal for rocket nozzles | Sep 4, 1962 | Stephen H Herzog | ||
3054253 | Case-bonding of double-base propellant grain by using silicone elastomers | Sep 18, 1962 | Paul K Chung | |||
3054353 | Segment grain | Sep 18, 1962 | Paul K Chung, Cecil A Glass, Norman L Rumpp | |||
3055780 | Binder for explosive compositions | Sep 25, 1962 | Finnegan William G, Smith Rex L, Wiebke Armin T | Secretary of the Navy | ||
3056003 | Fluid operated switch | Sep 25, 1962 | Jacob Rabinow | |||
3064578 | PE Fuze |
Light-sensitive proximity fuze | Nov 20, 1962 (18 year delay) |
Hafstad Lawrence R, Henderson Joseph E, Roberts Richard B | Secretary of the Navy | |
3068643 | Rocket with internal rod | Dec 18, 1962 | Camp Albert T | |||
3069546 | Radiant-energy
translation system Thermal IR Ref: 2414793 Method of making resistors (Wiki: thermistors) |
Dec 18, 1962 (14 year delay) |
Buntenbach Rudolph W | Bell Telephone | ||
3070017 | PE Fuze |
Photoelectric proximity fuse mounting | Dec 25, 1962 (19 year delay) |
Clark Earl K | Secretary of the Navy | |
3072020 | Propellant supply system for rockets and the like (rocket sled) | Jan 8, 1963 | Barnes Paul T, Keegel Charles P | |||
3077818 | Breakaway suspension band (bombs?) | Feb 19, 1963 | Jr Carl E Rhodes | |||
3080815 | Electrical squib separation device (initial expansion volume) | Mar 12, 1963 | Simshauser Anthony J | |||
3081050 |
Seeker system (air-ti-air missile, active
radar seeker) |
1963-03-12 |
Jr
Edmund F Lapham, Ian
H Mclaren |
Bendix
Corp |
||
3083299 | Apparatus for processing optically received electromagnetic radiation | Mar 26, 1963 | Cruse Philip M (rotating reticule) | Santa Barbara Res Ct | ||
3088403 |
ASROC |
Rocket assisted torpedo |
1963-05-07
|
James
T Bartling, Orville
J Saholt, Smith
Bernard |
Navy |
|
3089034 | SW |
Light sensitive detection circuit (temperature to tone) | May 7, 1963 | Meade Robert C | ||
3091923 | Liquid propellant tankage | Jun 4, 1963 | Barnes Paul T | |||
3093157 | Metering and mixing apparatus | Jun 11, 1963 | Aitken Adrien J, Rutkowski Eugene V | |||
3093523 | Process for making extrudable propellant | Jun 11, 1963 | Besser Eli D | |||
3093821 |
Corvus? (Wiki) |
Control system for homing guided missile (too many tybes to work) |
1963-06-11 (11 year delay) |
Frederick
C Alpers, Fred
S Atchison, Wilfrid
A Yates |
||
3095218 | ? |
High pressure gas connection and seal wherein said seal has collapse preventing means | 3095218 | Alton P Elder, Grand Theodore P Le | ||
3103784 | ? |
Plastic internal rocket nozzle | Sep 17, 1963 | Herzog
Stephen H, Miller
Ray A, Vetter Ronald F |
||
3104190 | ? |
Nitrocellulose propellants containing a dinitrile plasticizer | Sep 17, 1963 | Ernsberger Fred M, Kaufman Martin H | ||
3104262 | HE |
Alkyl ether of linear methylene nitramines | Sep 17, 1963 | Dolah Robert W Van, Gey William A | ||
3104324 | Electro-optical scanning system for reading machines | Sep 17, 1963 | Jacob Rabinow MD) | Rabinow Engineering Co Inc | ||
3107618 | De-arming device | Oct 22, 1963 | Vanover James L | |||
3109110 | ASROC |
Rectifier-amplifier with built in clipping | Oct 29, 1963 | Lewis George R | ||
3110640 | HE |
New explosive compositions | Nov 12, 1963 | Dolah Robert W Van, Gey William A | ||
3112615 | ASROC? |
Electrical connector for boost sustained rocket motor (2 stage motor) | Dec 3, 1963 | Cook Harold G | ||
3113235 | VT Fuze |
Rugged vacuum
tube (internal construction) |
Dec 3, 1963 (19 year delay) |
James A Van Allen, (Wiki) Raymond D Mindlin, Henry H Porter, Karrer Sebastian | Sec of Navy Van Allen belt 2744697 Cosmic ray altimeter |
|
3113305 | Prox Fuze |
Semi-active proximity fuze | Dec 3, 1963 (12 year delay) |
Raff Samuel J, Trounson Edmund P | depends on ground based tracking radar |
|
3115008 | Integral rocket ramjet missile propulsion system | Dec 24, 1963 | Cohen William, Jr Hugh P Jenkins | |||
3116691 | VT Fuze |
Proximity fuze | Jan 7, 1964 (20 year delay) |
Skaggs Lester S, Tatel Howard E | Secretary of the Navy | |
3117284 | VT Fuze |
Noise discrimination control circuit utilizing a volume control thermionic amplifier circuit | Jan 7, 1964 (20 year delay) |
Kuck John H, Thayer Robert H | Secretary of the Navy | |
3117417 | Two-stage valve (liquid fuel rocket w/IR sensor) | Jan 14, 1964 | Rutkowski Jr Eugene V | |||
3119097 | (Pseudo Random) Electrical signal generator | Jan 21, 1964 | Tullos Frank N | Jersey Prod Res Co | ||
3121748 | ? |
Long chain nitramine diols | Feb 18, 1964 | Gey William A, Reed Jr Russell | ||
3122462 | Novel pyrotechnics (hi alt igniter or flare) | Feb 25, 1964 | Davidson Julian S, Kaufman Martin H | |||
3129424 | Distance responsive device (proximity fuze or altimeter) | Jacob Rabinow | ||||
3129767 | ? |
Torque converting propeller (hydraulic quiet) | Apr 21, 1964 | Mclean William B | Walter G Finch | |
3131298 | ? |
Diode multiplier network | Apr 28, 1964 | Creusere Melville C | ||
3136848 | wEye |
Vidicon
with low impedance amplifier for extended high frequency
response and improved signal to noise ratio (photo
sensors work well into shorts) |
Jun 9, 1964 | Woodworth William H | ||
3136872 | Gas operated ignition switch for a multi-stage rocket propelled missile | Jun 9, 1964 | Banaszak Lloyd J | |||
3137851 | Gyro verticality interferometer (roll & pitch by RADAR) | Jun 16, 1964 | Keyes John C, Kirby Frank J | |||
3138129 | Hydrodynamic electromagnetic propulsion (Hunt for Red October) (Wiki) (see: 2997013) | Jun 23, 1964 | Bankston Lester T, Jenkins Jr Hugh P | |||
3139750 | Hydraulic force balance apparatus (motor testing) | Jul 7, 1964 | Howell Melvin D, Smith Max R | |||
3140207 | Pyrotechnic composition (cloud seeding) | Jul 7, 1964 | Mary M Williams, Lohr A Burkardt | |||
3141727 | Film-strip density curve plotting device | Jul 21, 1964 | Devereaux Jr Harry L | |||
3141936 |
Conductive springs and ball acceleration
switch (similar to ball in cage vibration sensors) |
John
M Boyle, Earl J Donaldson |
Secretary of the Navy | |||
3143072 | VT Fuze |
Proximity fuze antenna | Aug 4, 1964 (16 year delay) |
Dell Albert H, Kuck John H, Sreb Jules H | Secretary of the Navy | |
3150010 | Res Bat |
Electrolyte
control for a battery ( looks like VT fuze bat) |
Sep 22, 1964 | Clark C Cleveland | Secretary of the Navy | |
3152547 | VT Fuze |
Radio
proximity fuze (Wiki) |
Oct 13, 1964 (14 year delay) |
Kyle John W | 102/214 | |
3152777 | Jet propelled aerostat (hot air mylar balloon) | Oct 13, 1964 | William B Mclean | |||
3156579 | Process for bonding salt to metal ballistic rod (ref 3068643) | Nov 10, 1964 | Baldwin John E, Capener Erwin L | |||
3156821 | Method of monitoring low level radioactivity by the stimulated growth of bacteria | Nov 10, 1964 | Engel Rene L, Giorgio Soli | |||
3158676 | SW |
Gyroscope mounted cassegrain telescope with central support for secondary mirror | Nov 24, 1964 (10 year delay) |
Francis
McCaffrey |
359/857 | |
3160752 | Reflectometer for measuring surface finishes | Dec 8, 1964 | Bennett Harold E | |||
3161375 | SW test |
Solar cell look-angle detecting system (testing) | Dec 15, 1964 | Justin M Ruhge | ||
3161878 | VT Fuze test |
Apparatus and
method for testing radio fuses spinning plastic wheel with resonant elements |
Dec 15, 1964 | Quinlivan John E | not assigned |
|
3162127 | SW |
Delay train for fuze | Dec 22, 1964 | Sr Richard K Bianche, Bertram A Breslow | ||
3163726 | SADF |
Discs for the mercury unshorter switch | Dec 29, 1964 (12 year delay) |
Gilbert Ray John, Jackson Heights, Kalish Herbert S | Syivania Electric Products Inc | |
3166015 |
VT Fuze |
Radio frequency proximity fuze | Jan 19, 1965 (22 year delay) |
Roberts Richard B, Tuve Merle A | Applied Physics Lab Sec of Navy |
|
3167015 | Flash lamp ignited rocket | Jan 26, 1965 (13 year delay) |
Bernard
Smith, Weinland Clarence E |
|||
3167652 | SW test |
Miss distance and vector measurement system | Weisbrich Jr Henry T | |||
3169003 | Ejection seat apparatus | Feb 9, 1965 | Cecil A Glass | |||
3169084 | Res Bat |
Deferred action battery | Feb 9, 1965 (18 year delay) |
Dale C Gerber, Roy D Livingston, George M L Sommerman | Secretary of the Navy | |
3170822 | Res Bat |
Deferred action type battery construction | Feb 23, 1965 (16 year delay) |
David L Babcock | Secretary of the Navy | |
3176523 |
wEye |
Two axis rate gyro (pitch & yaw
telemetry) |
1965-04-06 |
Thomas
S Amlie, Earl J Donaldson |
||
3178150 | Bottom outlet valve for a mixing vessel | Apr 13, 1965 | Johnson Stanley L | |||
3181147 |
wEye |
All-weather projectile fire control
system-director mode |
1965-04-27 | Jack
A Crawford, John
H Gregory |
Sec of Navy |
|
3181814 | SW test |
Missile target intercept angle measuring system | Pittman Charles W | |||
3181822 | "wheels-up" flare warning system | Foote Kenneth R, Russell Allen Sanford | ||||
3188482 | wEye |
Stabilized servo system | Crawford Jack A, Woodworth William H | |||
3189823 | ? |
Transistorized transmitter employing a transmission line section | Jun 15, 1965 | Mitchell Jr James C | ||
3189907 | Zone plate radio transmission system (telemetry ant) | Jun 15, 1965 | Buskirk Lylnan F Van | |||
3192476 | Method and system for obtaining data regarding the surfaces of celestial bodies (mag tape telemetry) | Jun 29, 1965 | Mccarty Richard G, Nuffer Harold D | |||
3194686 |
Battery |
Galvanic thermal battery cell |
1965-07-13 (10 year delay) |
Joseph C Jerome |
Sec of Navy |
2457860
Delay fuse compositions |
3196794 | SW |
Piezo-electric fuze device (impace with fins denotates) | Jul 27, 1965 | Meade Robert C | ||
3196820 | Torpedo craft (sound homing, rotating body) | Jul 27, 1965 | William B Mclean | Walter G Finch | ||
3201937 | Variable area orifice injector (thrust vectoring) | Aug 24, 1965 | Dean Mckee Richard | |||
3202386 | Aerial cargo delivery device | Aug 24, 1965 | Mccullough Jr Foy | |||
3202557 | Burn inhibitor for fluorocarbon bound propellants | Aug 24, 1965 | Martin H. Kaufman | |||
3206820 | Lanyard operated latch (ref 2442374 Aeril bomb) | Sep 21, 1965 | Long Ernest T | |||
3209716 | Speed reduction device for a screw-driven power boat | Oct 5, 1965 | Hartley Roy E | |||
3211588 | Res Bat |
Deferred action battery | Oct 12, 1965 (19 year delay) |
Marsal Paul | Secretary of the Navy | |
3211911 | PE Fuze |
Method and (lateral) photocell device for obtaining light source position data (Ref 3181814) | Oct 12, 1965 | Ruhge Justin M | ||
3212256 | Case bonding system for cast composite propellants | Oct 19, 1965 | Sampson Henry T | |||
3215352 | Bi-propellant metering and injecting valve | Nov 2, 1965 | Meraz Jr Daniel | |||
3216674 | SW app |
Proportional navigation system for a spinning body in free space | Nov 9, 1965 | William B Mclean | Walter G Finch | |
3218975 | Shaped charge
liner (for rotating artillery shell) 2717552 Mortar 2741180 artillery shell (reduce problem of spinning) |
Nov 23, 1965 (15 year delay) |
Massey Mark F | na |
||
3218976 | Multi-projectile warhead | Nov 23, 1965 | Nooker Eugene L | |||
3223777 | wEye |
Scanner system (Earth imaging from space - weather) | Dec 14, 1965 | Crawford Jack A, Woodworth William H | ||
3224249 | Adjustable fixture for drop testing | Dec 21, 1965 | Bernard W Ford, Jr William J Switzenberg | |||
3224371 | SW |
Warhead for missiles | Dec 21, 1965 | Kempton Marvin L, Nooker Eugene L | Secretary of the Navy | |
3224372 | SW |
Multi-projectile continuous rod warhead | Dec 21, 1965 | Nooker Eugene L | ||
3225172 | Resistance welding process | Dec 21, 1965 | Galloway George W, Nooker Eugene L | |||
3225242 | SW test |
Infrared calibration lamp | Dec 21, 1965 | Ephraim Regelson | ||
3246185 | SW |
Piezoelectric installation | Apr 12, 1966 | Hinton Ray F | ||
3249050 | SW |
Continuous rod warhead | May 3, 1966 | Allen William W, Cordle Paul E, Moore Hiram E | Secretary of the Navy | |
3262125 | Protective headgear (aircraft carrier) | Jul 26, 1966 | William D Bowen | |||
3266603 | Extreme environment hermetically sealed damper | Aug 16, 1966 | Kamimoto Michael M | |||
3269314 | VT Fuze |
Radio
proximity fuze (UHF remote control) |
Aug 30, 1966 (24 year delay) |
Varian Russell H | Sperry Rand Corp | |
3273289 | SW mfg |
Aspheric surface generator | Sep 20, 1966 | Harold E Bennett, Ralph W Dietz | ||
3273835 | Self-ejecting emergency chute recovery system (drone instruments) | Sep 20, 1966 | Lloyd J Holt, Harry L Myers | |||
3274393 | Single
modulation star tracker (see: MD-1
star tracker) (Ref: 3002096) |
Sep 20, 1966 | Zuckerbraun Jacob S | Kollsman Instrument Corporation | ||
3276379 | Bonding material for propellant grains | Oct 4, 1966 | Dallett Lawrence R | |||
3276926 | Composite polysulfide propellants containing additives for producing extremely fast burning | Robson Iii John H | ||||
3279186 | Thrust variation and vectoring nozzle | Oct 18, 1966 | Hoffman Herman J, Sippel Nathan J | |||
3281079 | Transpiration cooling system actuating a liquefied metal by pressurized gas (rocket nozzle cooling) | Oct 25, 1966 | Robert L Mcalexander, Allen T Robinson | |||
3285536 |
SW |
Pie rotary damper Rolleron hydraulic damper |
1966-11-15 |
Earl
J Donaldson, James W Oestreich |
||
3288068 | Triggered
exploding wire device (for igniting rocket motors) |
Nov 29, 1966 ( |
Sec of Navy | |||
3291864 | Polytetrafluoroethylene composition containing vinylidene fluoride-perfluoroproylenecopolymer | Dec 13, 1966 | Judson B Eldridge, Elmo C Julian | |||
3295321 | Method and apparatus for injecting a secondary propellant in multi-heat release combustors | Jan 3, 1967 | Krzycki Leroy J | |||
3295322 | Hypergolic
slug igniter (Wiki) |
Jan 3, 1967 | Joseph J Atkins, Robert J Geres | |||
3301187 | Consumable
materials (burn rapidly at atmospheric pressure) |
Jan 31, 1967 | Butler Carroll W, Donaldson William E, Porter Harry B, Whitman Rosemary R | |||
3304030 | Pyrotechnic-actuated folding fin assembly
(Wiki) This may be the 2.75" aircraft launched rocket. FFAR YouTube XM-3 for UH-1 |
1965-09-24 | James E Weimholt Jr Lawrence M Biggs | Sec of Navy | ||
3309250 | Temperature resistant explosive containing titanium and alkali metal perchlorate | Mar 14, 1967 | Charles W Falterman, William J Griffith, Harold J Gryting | |||
3311324 | SW test |
Destruct system for target aircraft (cuts off wing) | Mar 28, 1967 | Lloyd J Holt, Harry L Myers, Jr Gordon F Zurn | ||
3317181 | Fully sealed, pressure operated metering valve | May 2, 1967 | Robbins Jr Roland W | |||
3327227 |
Shrike? |
System for isolating multi-frequency
signal components |
1967-06-20 |
Sykes
Langthorne, Estates
Palos Verdes, Duane J Russell, Cyril
D Hansen |
||
3326226 | Fluid pressure actuated valve | Jun 20, 1967 | Ray F Hinton | |||
3331203 | Hydrazine propulsive method using lithium and ammonium perchlorate with metal | Jul 18, 1967 | Kaufman Martin H, Sims James R, Stull Bertram O | |||
3332353 | Auxiliary igniter and sustainer | Jul 25, 1967 (8 year delay) |
Lohr A Burkardt, William G Finnegan, Rex L Smith | |||
3336799 | Free-floating apparatus for measuring and telemetering sea-wave characteristics | Aug 22, 1967 | Kermode David W | |||
3341653 |
Video (IR) tracker |
1967-09-12 |
John
R Kruse |
Barnes
Engineering |
||
3343400 | Impact
test apparatus (high velocity) |
Sep 26, 1967 | Marvin E Backman, Rogers Bernice Parks, Robert G S Sewell | |||
3343491 | Protective circuit for electrofiring devices | Sep 26, 1967 | Peters Jr Carl I | |||
3351017 | SADF |
Air-arming impact fuze | Nov 7, 1967 | Myers Jack A | Us Navy | |
3352965 | Method
and means for enhancing camouflaged target detection
utilizing light polarization techniques (ground attack) |
Nov 14, 1967 | Paul C Driver, Robert E Fowler | |||
3353870 | Method and apparatus for recovering a naturally occurring brine containing sodium carbonate | Nov 21, 1967 | Budke Carl P | |||
3356957 | Hybrid amplifier (Mag + Transistor) | Wheeler Donald H | ||||
3360726 | Radiation responsive device (Ge diodes) | Peters Jr Carl I | ||||
3362166 | Bipropellant rocket combustion chamber | Jan 9, 1968 | Hoffman Herman J, Sippel Nathan J | |||
3362378 | Glow Stick |
Light extending product and process (Chem Sticks) | Bens Everett M | Navy Usa | ||
3367129 | SW |
Switching circuit, of a type employing a four-layer solid state switching device (Cryostat control) | Freitag Walter E | Navy Usa | ||
3368088 | Standing-detonation wave magnetohydrodynamic electrical generator | Feb 6, 1968 | Krzycki Leroy J, Spindler Clinton L | Navy Usa | ||
3370519 | SW test |
Method and means for removing an opaque film of atmospheric particles from before the lens of a camera | Feb 27, 1968 | Lawrence H Maschhoff, Garcia Thomas, Jr Lyman G Vance | Navy Usa | |
3371635 | Submersible vessel (2-man powered recrational sub) | Mar 5, 1968 | Leonard W Seeley | Nancy Lee Seeley | ||
3373363 |
wEye |
Discriminator circuit responsive to a
pulse position relative to a gate period |
1968-03-12 |
Joseph
S Brugler, William H Woodworth, |
Sec of Navy |
|
3374865 | Snubber for deploying lines (parachute load) | Mar 26, 1968 | Craig Jimmie M | Navy Usa | ||
3375148 | Pyrotechnics comprising silver iodate, ammonium nitrate, nitrocellulose and nitrate esters (cloud seeding) | Mar 26, 1968 | William G Finnegan, Lohr A Burkardt | Navy Usa | ||
3375176 | Glow Stick |
Chemiluminescent formulation | Mar 26, 1968 | Humiston Lee E | Navy Usa | |
3375376 | Anti-intruder device using vibration responsive member between light and photocell | Mar 26 1968 |
David W Kermode | Sec of Navy |
Outdoor Intrusion
Detector |
|
3380761 | Quick disconnect coupling device (missile staging) | Apr 30, 1968 | Devender Jr Russell R Van | Atomic Energy Commission Usa | ||
3382800 | Linear-shaped charge chemical agent disseminator | May 14, 1968 | Biggs Jr Lawrence M | Navy Usa | ||
3382803 | Fuse
(small munition, parachute dropped) (Ref: 3351017) |
May 14, 1968 | ||||
3388371 | Sonic echo system | Jun 11, 1968 | Mclean William B | Walter G Finch | ||
3388667 | SADF |
Contact fuze (missile safe & arm) | Jun 18, 1968 (9 year delay) |
Louis Voida, Tafel Robert E, Wilke Donald H | Navy Usa | |
3392672 | Flare lighter (balloon or parachute) | Jul 16, 1968 | Noles Ronald C | Navy Usa | ||
3402634 | SW test |
Instrument for measuring absolute reflectance and transmittance at cryogenic temperatures | Bennett Harold E | Navy Usa | ||
3403873 |
Guided missile Ramjet SAM |
1968-10-01 |
Alfred
J Bell, Ralph
W Blevins, Harvey J Everett, Jr William Garten, Jr Everett J Hardgrave |
Dept
of Navy |
||
3407320 | Wafer type submersible motor for underwater device | Oct 22, 1968 | Mclean William B | Walter G Finch | ||
3412403 | Radiating tuned inductance coil antenna | Peters Jr Carl I | ||||
3415190 | Anti-disturbance fuse | Hart Otho E, Imm Lewis W | Navy Usa | |||
3417455 | Explosive
welding (Wiki) |
Dec 24, 1968 | John Pearson | Navy Usa | ||
3419628 | Process for preparing fluorocarbon monomers | Dec 31, 1968 | Martin H Kaufman, John D Braun | Navy Usa | ||
3420474 | Method for collapsing an aerodynamic decelerating vehicle (baloon or parachute after load delivery) | Jan 7, 1969 | Jimmie M Craig, Ronald C Noles | Us Navy | ||
3420695 | Process for desensitizing metallic powders | Jan 7, 1969 | Dow Robert L, Rice George B | Us Navy | ||
3421111 | Voltage controlled field-effect transistor L-C oscillator | Jan 7, 1969 | Joseph Jacob Boyajian | Us Navy | ||
3425353 | SADF |
Arming and safety mechanism for a drag chute retarded bomb | Feb 4, 1969 | Halling Michael A | Us Navy | |
3431147 | Res Bat |
Platform style
ampule breaker (diagram matches VT fuse reserve bat description) |
Mar 4, 1969 (9 year delay) |
Clark C Cleveland | Us Navy | |
3431820 |
Grenade launcher tripod mounted, belt fed Mk 19 |
1969-03-11 |
George
M Chinn William P Schnatter Henry F Watson |
Department
of Navy |
||
3432359 |
Res Bat |
Setback activated,spin filled galvanic
battery |
1969-03-11 |
Clark
C Cleveland, Harry
F French |
Navy |
|
3434419 | Rocket assisted projectile with movable piston base plate | Mar 25, 1969 | Dimond Robert M, Payne Howard H | |||
3435549 |
40mm |
Pump
type tubular magazine repeating firearm |
1969-04-01 |
Alfred
F Kermode |
||
3437035 | Method and apparatus for disseminating fluid from vehicle in flight | Apr 8, 1969 | Weimholt James E | Us Navy | ||
3437041 | Fuze |
Supersensitive impact sensor | Apr 8, 1969 | Hart Otho E, Miller Samuel A | ||
3440115 | Shock-gel process for preparing plastic-bonded explosives | Apr 22, 1969 | Falterman Charles W, Stanton Horace D | Us Navy | ||
3448653 | Quick disconnect | Jun 10, 1969 | Jack A Myers | Us Navy | ||
3450155 | SW? |
Frictionless relief valve (Cryo?) | Jun 17, 1969 | Froehner Warren P, Huffman Delbert W, Swallow Robert E | Us Navy | |
3453617 |
Shrike |
Switchable linear-circular polarized
monopulse radar feed producing two axis
(three-dimensional tracking) information utilizing a
two-lobe monopulse design |
1969-07-01 |
Robert
H Begeman, Orville
G Brickey, Charles
W May, Richard
E McCormick |
Dept
of Navy |
|
3457329 | Inert simulant composition for a plastic bonded explosive | Jul 22, 1969 | Wallace E Silver, Jack Sherman | Us Navy | ||
3460507 | Glow Stick |
Piston expelled chemiluminescent water signal dispenser | Aug 12, 1969 | Little Steven M, Mcgowan Marvin E | Us Navy | |
3468256 | SW |
Impact fuse assembly (to explode when hitting ground) | Sep 23, 1969 | Vanover James L | Us Navy | |
3469260 | SW test TV |
Remotely monitored and controlled airborne television system | Sep 23, 1969 | Holt Lloyd Junior, Myers Harry L | Us Navy | |
3469805 | Method for inflating a balloon | Sep 30, 1969 | Craig Jimmie M, Pohl Russell A, Yost Paul E | Us Navy | ||
3473135 | TV |
Variable reference video amplifier | Oct 14, 1969 | Hughes Richard S | Us Navy | |
3474264 | Circuit for varying the hysteresis of a schmitt trigger | Oct 21, 1969 | Hughes Richard S | Us Navy | ||
3474267 | Piezoelectric
transducer (Villari effect (Wiki) feedback) |
Oct 21, 1969 | Colberg Stephen R | Us Navy | ||
3474986 | wEye |
Two-degree gyro for a television camera | Oct 28, 1969 | Donaldson Earl J | Us Navy | |
3476012 | SADF |
Arming
wire assembly (2-stage rocket) |
Nov 4, 1969 | Lloyd J Jackson | Us Navy | |
3477666 |
Guidance system (RIM-2
Terrier?) active radar seeker, many tubes, CW interferometric homing system, Doppler gating |
1969-11-11 (9 years delay) |
Robert
L Kent, Rosario
S Badessa, Carl
Barus, Joseph
M Dunn, Raymond
Arthur Glaser, Leonard
B Johnson |
Dept
of Navy |
each component has a designation, so this
may be an actual fielded system. |
|
3480233 |
Missile guidance method and apparatus "X" form fixed antennas at nose |
1969-11-25 (15 year delay) |
Lan
J Chu |
Dept of Navy | ||
3489318 | Buoyancy system (hydrazine) | Jan 13, 1970 | Herman S Kunz, Jay Witcher | Us Navy | ||
3490023 | Induced doppler direction finder | Jan 13, 1970 | Weisbrich Henry T Jr | Us Navy | ||
3490374 | SW |
Continuous rod warhead | Jan 20, 1970 | Nooker Eugene L | Us Navy | |
3491694 | Plastic liners for controlled fragmentation | Jan 27, 1970 | Fountain Gilbert | Us Navy | ||
3493284 | SW test |
Variable apertured radiating diffusing integrating cavity | Feb 3, 1970 | Michel A Vernon-Cole | Us Navy | |
3494577 |
Tomahawk? |
Map matching guidance system |
Feb 10, 1970 |
Robert
P Moore |
Us Navy | |
3497578 | Method of forming articles to close dimensional tolerances in a hydrostatic press | Feb 24, 1970 | Cecil A Glass, Wallace E Silver | Us Navy | ||
3497619 | Digital data transmission system (LAN UTP 10-base-T?) | Feb 24, 1970 | Babcock Gary C | Us Navy | ||
3498218 | Bomblet (chemical delivery) | Mar 3, 1970 | Myers Jack A | Us Navy | ||
3498224 |
Shrike |
Fragmentation warhead having
circumferential layers of cubical fragments |
1970-03-03 |
Paul
E Cordle, Richard
P Birge |
US
Dept of Navy |
|
3499716 | SW test |
Wide range absolute reflectometer | Mar 10, 1970 | Bennett Harold E | Us Navy | |
3500401 | RWR |
Radar detection device (APS-54?) |
Elliott Denman R, Miller Gerald O | Us Navy | ||
3504632 | ? |
Time delay fuze
(can not be disarmed) |
Apr 7, 1970 | Clapp Robert L, Forster Robert H, Quist Donald G, West Gaylon L | Us Navy | |
3507055 | SW dev |
Missile tracking simulator | Apr 21, 1970 | Arriola William A, Claunch M Wayne, Regelson Ephraim | Us Navy | |
3507707 | Res Bat |
Reserve battery | Apr 21, 1970 | Allan M Biggar | Us Army | |
3508019 | SADF |
Apogee
sensing switch (fancy ball
in cage) |
Apr 21, 1970 | Crockett Sydney R | Us Navy | |
3508051 | SW app |
(False IR color) Employing a plurality of dichroic mirrors to produce a three-color image | Apr 21, 1970 | Lamar Jesse, Nichols Lawrence W | Us Navy | |
3518942 |
Shrike precursor? |
Antiaircraft projectile (antiaircraft projectile which is not adversely affected to any great extent by altitude variations, that is to say, the structural damage caused by this projectile is about the same at high altitudes as it is at low altitudes.) |
1970-07-07
(10 year delay)
|
Vasil
Philipchuk |
Department
of Navy |
|
3520218 | Transistor cap remover (based on pipe cutter) | Jul 14, 1970 | Tolkmitt Richard A | Us Navy | ||
3524410 | VT Fuze |
Oscillator-detector device | Aug 18, 1970 (20 year delay) |
Erath Louis W, Plotkin Gerald N | Us Navy | |
3528864 | High impulse explosives containing tungsten | Sep 15, 1970 | Weinland Clarence E | Us Navy | ||
3529291 | TRANSIT |
Synchronized sequence detector (Barker PR Word Generator) (Ref 3119097) | Sep 15, 1970 | Claude W Brown | Us Navy | |
3530478 |
Shrike |
Frequency independent log periodic slot
multi-mode antenna array |
1970-09-22 |
Robert
G Corzine, Joseph
A Mosko |
Dept
of Navy |
|
3533551 | Bomb ballistic slide rule (total lead angle) | Oct 13, 1970 | Cole Roy D, Rogers Alexander K | Us Navy | ||
3539740 | Anti-disturbance switch (ball in cage) | Nov 10, 1970 | Isenor Ernest H, Karsten Carl G, Kearsley Joseph B, Moe Richard G, Smith James W | Honeywell Inc, Air Force, China
Lake |
||
3546609 | Linear
wide band discriminator (100% bandwidth) See: Aertech |
Dec 8, 1970 | Boyajian Joseph J | Us Navy | ||
3551222 | Coated water soluble inorganic oxidizers | Dec 29, 1970 | Carroz John W, Kaufman Martin H, O'drobinak John D | Us Navy | ||
3553432 | SW |
Heated dome window (Prevent ice and RFI) | Jan 5, 1971 | David N Livingston, Max R Smith, Charles T Newmyer | Us Navy | |
3554129 | wEye |
Optical fusing system (missile warhead) | Apr 27, 1971 | Alpers Frederick C | Us Navy | |
3566026 |
wEye? |
Automatic acquisition and tracking system |
1971-02-23 |
Robert
L Bonebreak, David
B Park, Phillip
R Tulloh |
Hughes |
|
3566794 |
Controlled fragmentation of multi-walled
warheads |
1971-03-02 |
John
Pearson, Robert
G S Sewell, Richard T Carlisle |
Dept
of Navy |
||
3569625 |
Telemetry data transmission system (secure transmission of telemetry data) |
1971-03-09 (10 year delay) |
T
Burr Jackson |
Dept of Navy | ||
3574258 |
Shrike |
Method of making a transreflector for an
antenna |
1971-04-13 |
Charles
W May, Franklin
A Porter, John W Pickett |
Dept of Navy | |
3576604 | Method of heat detection (color change only while at temp) | Hammond Peter R | Us Navy | |||
3576944 | SW app |
Scanning radiometer with plural reference sources (scanning long IR fast response) | May 4, 1971 | Labaw Kenneth B | Us Navy | |
3590231 | Digital (Function) signal generator using digital differential analyzer techniques | Jun 29, 1971 | Wenzl Bernard P | Us Navy | ||
3596603 | Method of dispersing bw/cw or other materials | Aug 3, 1971 | Gryting Harold J, Robbins Robert C, Stevens Lewis A | Us Navy | ||
3598203 |
Spring applied, electric released brake use with gyro torquer motors) |
1971-08-10 |
Earl
J Donaldson |
Dept of Navy | ||
3560642 | Sat TV |
Television satellite system | George B Bush, Irvin H Schroader, Charles J Swet, Theodore Wyatt | Us Navy | ||
3610099 | Flueric
diode (Wiki) |
Oct 5, 1971 | Ankeney Dewey P | Us Navy | ||
3611940 | VT Fuze |
Simplified proximity fuze and/or howitzer shells | Oct 12, 1971 (23 year delay) |
Hopkins John J, Thayer Robert H | Us Navy | 102/214, 342/68 |
3613581 | Explosive device for perforating high-strength metal plates (Ref 2809585 Bazooka (Wiki) | Oct 19, 1971 (6 year delay) |
Cosner Lawrence N, Mclean William B, Pearson John | Us Navy | ||
3614781 |
Dual channel doppler frequency-selective
fuze system |
1971-10-19 (15 year delay) |
Samuel
W Lichtman |
US
Navy |
||
3614782 |
Noise-modulated fuze system |
1971-10-19 (13 year delay) |
Donald
J Adrian |
US Navy | ||
3614783 |
FM cross-sideband fuse system (FM Doppler fuse system Wiki) |
1971-10-19
(13 year delay)
|
Donald
J Adrian |
US Secretary of Navy | ||
3617015 | HMD |
Head-coupled
missile-aiming device (Wiki) |
Nov 2, 1971 | Kinder Floyd A | Us Navy | |
3620072 |
Restraining collar device for squibbing missile motors | Nov 16, 1971 | Albers Francis L, Barrett Allan G | Us Navy | ||
3620162 | Rifle launched rocket (w/bullet catcher) | Nov 16, 1971 | King Paul C | Us Navy | ||
3621784 | Nov 23, 1971 (16 year delay) |
Mundie Lloyd G | Us Navy | |||
3622814 | SADF |
Negatively charging piezoelectric power supply | Nov 23, 1971 | Thomas E Carlson | Us Navy | |
3623375 |
wEye |
Gyro-nutation damper |
1971-11-30 |
William H Woodworth, Jack
A Crawford, James
Parmerlee |
Dept
of Navy |
|
3624365 | wEye |
Vertical attitude measuring device (gyro + accelerometer) | Nov 30, 1971 | Woodworth William H | Us Navy | |
3626581 |
Wire wound conical liner for shaped charge warhead | Dec 14, 1971 | Clarence E Weinland | Us Navy | ||
3626697 | Method and means for controlling the thrust in a solid propellant rocket motor | Dec 14, 1971 | Chafin Lane Curtis, Nunn Robert H | Us Navy | ||
3634154 | Solid propellant composition containing gelled hydrazine | Jan 11, 1972 (9 year delay) |
Burdette George William | Us Navy | ||
3636874 | Method and means for dispersing chemical agents | Jan 25, 1972 | Gey William A, Wiebke Armin T | Us Navy | ||
3639183 | SW |
Gas generator compositions (electric generator) | Feb 1, 1972 | Crescenzo Frank G, Dow Robert L | Us Navy | |
3640070 | Hybrid propellant system | Feb 8, 1972 | Martin H Kaufman, John D O'drobinak, James O Dake Jr | Us Navy | ||
3640785 | Castable fluorocarbon binders for propellants | Feb 8, 1972 (8 year delay) |
Kaufman Martin H, O'drobinak John D | Us Navy | ||
3646597 | JATO |
Variable thrust propulsion engine | Feb 29, 1972 | Feemster John R | United Technology Center | |
3651325 |
wEye |
Image stabilization system |
1972-03-21 |
Frederick
C Alpers |
Dept of Navy | |
3651326 |
wEye |
Passive electro-optical seeker - only
scans a circle |
1972-03-21 |
Frederick
C Alpers |
Dept
of Navy |
|
3650857 | Gelled amine rocket fuels | Mar 21, 1972 | George William Burdette, Dean Henry Couch | Us Navy | ||
3660594 | TV |
Line-scan television system employing spectrum analysis | May 9, 1972 | Marsh Lawrence B | Us Navy | |
3661047 | Apparatus for casting thin walled hollow cylindrical inserts | May 9, 1972 | Sherman Jack, Silver Wallace E | Us Navy | ||
3661083 | Device
for rapidly mixing and agitating chemicals in sealed
containers (just prior to missile launch) |
May 9, 1972 | Weimholt James E | Us Navy | ||
3661347 | wEye |
Gain
changer (missile control system) |
May 9, 1972 | Crawford Jack A, Woodworth William H | Us Navy | |
3661525 | Process for neutralization of amorphous boron | May 9, 1972 | Gonzales John, Lee Benjamin Y S | Us Navy | ||
3670656 |
SADF |
Fuze arming device |
1972-06-20 (7 year delay) |
William
J Donahue, David
L Blanchard, John
M Wack |
||
3671341 | Dense propellant composition | Jun 20, 1972 | Dierolf Arthur Jack | Us Navy | ||
3676581 | Space |
Optical scanning spacecraft system | Jul 11, 1972 | Swet Charles J | Us Navy | |
3678308 |
Scanning device |
1972-07-18 |
Spencer
D Howe |
Hughes |
||
3683385 | Shrike |
Direction
finding antenna system (Spiral Ant + 4 detectors) |
Aug 8, 1972 | Corzine Robert G, Mosko Joseph A | Us Navy | |
3697434 | GlowStick |
Chemiluminescent
spray formulation (Wiki,
GlowStick) |
Oct 10, 1972 | Shefler Sydney | Us Navy | |
3699892 | VT Fuze clockwork |
Controlled variable time radio proximity fuze | Oct 24, 1972 (21 year delay) |
Kopec John C, Schmitt Henry O Jr, Tenney Frederick H | Us Navy | |
3706867 | Electronic
anti-intrusion device (see: Geo-ID) |
Dec 19, 1972 | Bianchi John, Bohacz Maxine, Lyon Jerry, Pitman Robert L, Rand Henry T, Shaw Donald N, Less « | Us Army | ||
3706935 | Pulse repetition frequency detection and lock-on system | Dec 19, 1972 | Hughes Richard Smith | Us Navy | ||
3712054 | anti-SW |
Method for suppression of heat radiation | Jan 23, 1973 | J Crecelius, E Regelson, H Sumnicht | Us Navy | |
3712061 | Vortex
baffle (spinning rocket) |
Jan 23, 1973 | Dillinger R, Thorsted K | Us Navy | ||
3712228 | Shrike |
Target marker warhead (prior warhead did not work well) | Jan 23, 1973 | Burford M, Handler G | Us Navy | |
3713383 | Dispersal technique for cw bw agents | Jan 30, 1973 | Crescenzo F, Gey W, Wiebke A | Us Navy | ||
3714498 | wEye |
Television camera (electrostatically deflection) | Jan 30, 1973 | Woodworth W | Us Navy | |
3715398 | HE |
Process for recrystallizing diaminotrinitrobenzene | Feb 6, 1973 | Kaufman M | Us Navy | |
3717098 | Fuze wEye |
Warhead breakup sensor | 1973-02-20 |
Cordle P, Davis E, Higuera R, Lockwood D, McCubbin M | Us Navy | |
3717878 | RWR |
(Log) Spiral antenna | Feb 20, 1973 | Mosko J | Us Navy | |
3718508 | Res Bat |
Deferred-action battery comprising a perforated ampoule sealed with removable plugs | Feb 27, 1973 | S Levine | US Government |
|
3720168 | Shrike? |
Elliptical warhead (Shrike? roll-stabilized air-to-surface missile) | Sylwester A | Us Navy | ||
3721192 | Shaped charge | Mar 20, 1973 | Mallory H, Mc Ewan W | Us Navy | ||
3722415 | Electrostatic
contact fuze AA missile (which one?) |
Mar 27, 1973 (9 year delay) |
Lunt W | Us Navy | ||
3722416 | Fuze |
Fuze
function selection and firing system (missile) |
Mar 27, 1973 (9 year delay) |
Brown M, Lunt W | Us Navy | |
3724319 | FAX |
Fax (Fuel Air eXplosive) minefield clearing device | Apr 3, 1973 | Smith L, Zabelka R | Us Navy | |
3725576 | wEye |
Television tracking system | Apr 3, 1973 (11 year delay) |
Woodworth, J Crawford, G Lewis | Us Navy | |
3726802 | GlowStick |
Low temperature chemiluminescent formulations | Apr 10, 1973 (8 year delay) |
Bens E, Morley C | Us Navy | |
3727569 |
ASROC |
Missile |
1973-04-17 14 year delay |
H
Johnson, H
Silk, |
US
Navy |
|
3727861 | Method
and apparatus for suppression of antiaircraft fire (IR
seeks hit gun barrel) |
Apr 17, 1973 | Swann E | Us Navy | ||
3728169 | Encapsulation of nitronium perchlorate employing ammonia to form ammonium perchlorate | Apr 17, 1973 (10 year delay) |
Diebold J | Us Navy | ||
3728270 | GlowStick |
Chemiluminescent formulation containing inorganic salt solution | Apr 17, 197 (8 year delay) |
Bens E, Morley C | Us Navy | |
3728724 | TV |
Adaptive swept-frequency active radar
seeker anti-ship or land target, FM CW |
1973-04-17 |
F
Alpers |
Dept
of Navy |
|
3728478 | Electro-optical tracker | Apr 17, 1973 | Quist D, Turner D | Us Navy | ||
3729150 |
Missile guidance system |
1973-04-24 (12 year dealy) |
R
Conger |
US Secretary of Navy | ||
3729350 | Composition
for forming cloud of in-capacitating agent upon
detonation (riot control &Etc.) |
Apr 24, 1973 | W Gey (China Lake) | Us Navy | ||
3732132 | Extrudable fluorocarbon propellants | May 8, 1973 (9 year delay) |
R Merrow, E Julian, J Eldridge, G Rice, R Dow, C Rodgers, B Stull | Us Navy | ||
3732413 | GlowStick |
Light producing device (metal can with easy off lid) | May 8, 1973 (8 year delay) |
Humiston L, Little S, Mills J, Shefler S | Us Navy | |
3732564 | VT Fuze |
Pulse
doppler fuze (8 tubes) Also see: 3849778 Pulse doppler fuze (6 tubes - 24 yr) 4194203 Pulse doppler (4 tubes - 29 yr) 4203365 Prox fuze w/jamm resistance (26 yr) |
May 8, 1973 (22 year delay) |
Kuck J, Mccord W (Top Secret 1951- 1973) | Us Navy | 102/214, 342/68, 342/16 |
3734982 | Process for case bonding cast composite propellant grains | May 22, 1973 (11 year delay) |
Sampson H | Us Navy | ||
3736376 |
Automatic control system for video
tracker |
1973-05-29 |
P
Kato |
Hughes |
||
3738273 | SADF |
Safety-arming device | Jun 12, 1973 (13 year delay) |
Hoelzen W | Us Navy | |
3742701 | Propellant injector assembly | Jul 3, 1973 | Feemster J, Langenborg N | Us Navy | ||
3742812 |
wEye |
Method of aiming a television guided missile | 1973-07-03 | W Woodworth, R Cunningham | US Secretary of Navy | |
3742859 | Explosive charge | Jul 3, 1973 | Burkardt L, Finnegan W, Larocca E, Mcewan W, Mclean W | Us Navy | ||
3753811 | Igniter composition | Aug 21, 1973 (16 year delay) |
Crescenzo F, Julian E, Meyers B, Meyers R | |||
3756538 | SW |
Guided
missile (7 drawings) |
Sep 4, 1973 (16 year delay) |
W McLean | Us Navy | |
3764923 | wEye |
Automatic (Video) pulse level control | M Moulton, J Whittington, W Woodworth | Us Navy | ||
3767489 | Nitrasol propellant | Davidson J, Reinhart J, Stump W | Us Navy | |||
3774540 | Terradynamic brake (Spikebuoy?) | Nov 27, 1973 | Bernardin R, Burford M, Simpson R | Us Navy | ||
3775735 | Apparatus for scanning an underwater area (minimize backscatter) | C Funk, I Lemaire, F Marrone, J Sutton (San Diego) | Us Navy | |||
3813670 |
Shrike? |
High resolution range tracking circuit |
1974-05-28 |
F Alpers | Dept
of Navy |
|
3782285 | Flare cartridge (IR countermeasure ejected from planes) | Jan 1, 1974 | Froehner W | Us Navy | ||
3879504 | Method for injection molding of explosive and pyrotechnic material | Apr 22, 1975 | David A Colpitts, Jack Sherman, Ronald R Vigneault | Us Navy | ||
3802971 | Pyrotechnic
formulations for weather modification comprising a
mixture of iodates (Wiki) |
Apr 9, 1974 | L Burkardt, C Stanifer, W Finnegan, F Odencrantz | Us Navy | ||
3820463 | Grenade |
Shotgun
Grenade |
Jun 28, 1974 | Us Navy | ||
3820953 | Method for measuring liquid particle distribution from fogs clouds and sprays | Jun 28, 1974 | C Drew, Ewan W McLean | Us Navy | ||
3821043 | Hydrazine gel composition | Jun 28, 1974 | N Sippel | Us Navy | ||
3821737 | VT Fuze |
Ratio (sic: Radio) fuze (altimeter type) | Jun 28, 1974 (19 year delay) |
Kalmus H (Top Secret 1955 -1974) | MICRON SEMICONDUCTOR | 342/68, 342/91, 102/214 |
3823901 |
Aerial launch system (for helicopter) |
1974-07-16 |
D
Knutsen, K
Holmes, J
Knepshield |
Dept
of Navy |
||
3827656 | Protective weapon for attack aircraft | Aug 6, 1974 | Bush J, Dettling R, Zulkowski T | Us Navy | ||
3829859 | VT Fuze |
Low-noise fuze | Aug 13, 1974 (20 year delay) |
Goldberg H, Kalmus H, Sanders M (top Secret 1954 - 1974) | 342/68, 102/214 | |
3833905 | VT Fuze | Proximity fuze balanced for carrier elimination |
Sep 3, 1974 | Apstein M | Us Army | |
3849778 | VT Fuze | Pulse
doppler fuse (6 tubes) |
Nov 19, 1974 (24 year delay) |
Redcay P (Top Secret 1950 - 1974) | Us Army | 342/68, 102/214, 342/202 |
3853059 | SW |
Configured blast fragmentation warhead | Dec 10, 1974 | R Moe | Us Navy | |
3855789 | Explosive coupling assembly | Dec 24, 1974 | Platzek H | Us Navy | ||
3858207 | VT Fuze | Range sensing target detecting device | Dec 31, 1974 (8 year delay) |
Gravelle N, Macomber B | Us Navy | |
3858516 | SADF |
Thermal arming system (missile safe & arm) | Jan 7, 1975 (24 year delay) |
Rabinow Jacob | Us Army | |
3864566 | PE Fuze |
Optical systems and associated detecting means | Feb 4, 1975 (18 year delay) |
George R Simpson, Stephen M Macneille | American Optical Corp | |
3866037 | PE Fuze |
Optical systems and associated detecting means | Feb 11, 1975 (18 year delay) |
George R Simpson | American Optical Corp | |
3867893 | ASROC |
Rocket-thrown
missile anti-submarine weapon Wiki: ASROC |
Feb 25, 1975 (15 year delay) |
Saholt Orville J, Stoehr Donald | Us Navy | |
3872792 | VT Fuze |
Fuse (FM modulated) |
Mar 25, 1975 (19 year delay) |
Goldberg Harold, Sanders Milton (Top Secret 1956 - 1975) | Us Army | 102/214, 342/68 |
3876308 |
Automatic command guidance system using
optical trackers (launch plane controls missile to ship) |
1975-04-08 |
Frederick
C Alpers |
Dept
of Navy |
||
3877377 | VT Fuze |
Proximity Fuze (Top Secret 20 yrs) | Apr 15, 1975 (20 year delay) |
Rabinow Jacob | Us Army | 102/214, 342/68 |
3878483 |
wEye |
Voltage-tunable, seven-decade,
continuously-variable oscillator |
1975-04-15 |
Kay R Richardson |
ept of Navy | |
3879637 | wEye |
Television camera (TV-guided missiles) | Apr 22, 1975 | Woodworth William H | Us Navy | |
3886498 |
Shrike |
Wideband, matched three port power
divider |
1975-05-27 |
Joseph
A Mosko, Robert
G Corzine |
Dept
of Navy |
|
3888180 | SW |
Rod warhead | Jun 10, 1975 (7 year delay) |
Eugene L Nooker | Us Navy | |
3887446 | SW comp |
Electrochemical preparation of metallic tellurides | Jun 3, 1975 | Mcewan William S, Miles Melvin | ||
3890901 | SADF |
Digital electronic safety and arming system (missile S&A) | Jun 24, 1975 | Anderson Matthew E, Redmond Stephen L | Us Navy | |
3895581 | VT Fuze |
Voltage supply for radio proximity fuze | Jul 22, 1975 (24 year delay) |
Jacob Carlyle W (Top Secret 1951 - 1975) | Us Navy | 102/214, 342/68 |
3897283 | Plastic bonded explosive composition | Jul 29, 1975 | Falterman Charles W, Wiebke Ethyl F | Secretary of the Navy | ||
3902685 |
wEye |
Angle gating |
1975-09-02 | Frederick
C Alpers |
Dept
of Navy |
|
3905298 | VT Fuze |
Electronic
proximity fuse incorporating means for preventing
premature detonation by electronic counter measures 3063345 exp bomb (19 yr) |
Sep 16, 1975 (14 year delay) |
Rehbock Ekkehard | Telefunken | |
3906861 | SADF |
Fuze sterilization system | Sep 23, 1975 | Crossley John E, Hamilton C Robert, Hampton Thomas W, Morris Kenneth N | Us Navy | |
3907947 | Method for shaped charge bomblet production | Sep 23, 1975 | Neuhaus Herbert M, Sherman Jack, Silver Wallace E, Williams Lloyd A | |||
3908933 |
Guided missile RIM-2 Terrier (Wiki) |
1975-09-30 (19 year delay) |
Wilbur
H Goss, Henry H Porter, Richard B Roberts, Merle Antony Tuve, Jesse W Beams, Harner Selvidge |
Dept
of Navy |
||
3911438 | Proximity
sensing device uses waveguide magit-T, trigger on radar jam |
Oct 7, 1975 (9 year delay) |
Banks Donald S | Us Navy | ||
3913104 | VT Fuze |
Incoherent
spectral comparison fuze system with hybrid agc (noise
modulated) |
Oct 14, 1975 (16 year delay) |
Adrian Donald J, Cash Carlton H | Us Navy | |
3916759 | Rocket
launcher (extremely lightweight portable rocket launcher) |
Nov 4, 1975 | Forster Robert H, Jones Bernard M, Loyal Harry C, Quist Donald G, West Gaylon L | Us Navy | ||
3918060 |
Shrike |
Terminal aim point refinement circuit |
1975-11-04 |
Frederick
C Alpers |
Dept
of Navy |
|
3920199 | wEye |
Rate-gyro stabilized platform | Nov 18, 1975 | Moulton Marc L, Woodworth William H | Us Navy | |
3922968 |
Fuze |
Bomblet fuze system (Tx bomblet and Rx
bomblet) |
Dec 2 1975 |
Robert L Conger, John A Parks, Leslie T
Long |
Us Navy | |
3924458 |
wEye |
Pressure sensitive control device (substantially unmovable Joystick Wiki) |
1975-12-09 |
William H Woodworth, Robert D Cunningham |
||
3924536 | Fuze signal
circuit (ignores the noise in jet exhaust plumes) |
Dec 9, 1975 (10 year delay) |
Dick John O, Forrester Howard M | Us Navy | ||
3927849 | Fluidics |
Fluidic
analog ring position device (Wiki) |
Kovalenko Gerald E, Woods Charles E | Us Navy | ||
3929075 | VT Fuze |
Guided missile
fuze system |
Dec 30, 1975 (11 year delay) |
Beane Theodore E, Kirsch Alan L | Us Navy | |
3934511 |
wEye |
Linear shaped charge warhead |
1976-01-27 (8 year delay) |
Paul
E. Cordle, Melvin
J. McCubbin |
||
3945008 |
VT Fuze |
Electronic proximity fuse having multiple
Doppler frequency channels (countermeasure to prior art P. Fuzes) |
1976-03-16 |
Georg
Schmucker |
Telefunken |
|
3949955 |
Shrike |
Monopulse receiver circuit for an
anti-radar missile tracking system |
1976-04-13 (13 year delay) |
Langthorne
Sykes, Duane
J. Russell, Robert E. Atkinson |
Dept
of Navy |
|
3950611
|
wEye |
Gated video centroid tracker (improvement on Area balance & contrast gradient) |
1976-04-13 (10 year delay) |
James
W. Callis, William
A. Chambers |
Raytheon/Hughes USAF Air-to-Ground-Missile TV guided |
|
3953670 |
wEye |
Adaptive video centroid tracker |
1976-04-27 |
Paul
R. Prince |
Hughes Wiki: Contrast seeker |
|
3955507 |
Fuze |
Proximity fuse (a 20mm HE round explodes and the flash triggers the following proximity fuzed round) |
1976-05-11 (13 year delay) |
Richard
T. Ziemba |
GE
|
|
3977250 |
Encoding altimeter (anti collision) also see coding altimeter |
1976-08-31 |
Thomas
S. Amlie |
|||
3978797 | SDAF |
Radiometric target detection device (passive anti-ship missile fuze) | Sep 7, 1976 | Frederick C. Alpers, William W. Harrington | Secretary Of The Navy | |
3992998 |
wEye |
Warhead, penetrating nose shape |
1976-11-23 |
Paul
E. Cordle, Melvin
J. McCubbin, Clifford
T. Johnson, James
K. Brown |
||
3994229 | VT Fuze |
Pulse doppler
proximity fuze (2 tubes) 2699543 ordnance fuze (10 yr) bomb & rocket 2856852 Prox Fuze (12 yr) (4 tubes) gun fired many drawings |
Nov 30, 1976 (19 year delay) |
John W. Flowers | Secretary Of The Navy | 102/214, 342/68 |
4010689 |
wEye |
Apparatus for sensing target distance (uses gamma X-rays) |
1977-03-08 |
Irving
I. Sochard, Marcella
C. Petree, Wallace
N. Knutsen, Frederick
E. Warnock, Edward
A. White, Jr. |
||
4024392 |
Gimballed active optical system - active
laser missile seeker Hellfire? |
1977-05-17 |
Edward
A. Teppo, Leonard
R. Haugen |
Department
of Navy |
||
4024998 | Rocket
(fired backward from plane) Why? BC |
May 24, 1977 (21 year delay) |
William Hunter A. Boyd, Jacob Rabinow (DC) | |||
4032918 | VT Fuze |
Dual channel radio frequency fuzing system | Jun 28, 1977 (14 year delay) |
George F. Masin | Secretary Of The Navy | |
4035760 |
Radar/Sonar |
Object detecting system |
1977-07-12 (26 year delay) 1951-09-18 |
George
F. Asbury, Earl
J. Kohn, James
R. Richards |
Secretary Of The Navy | |
4040357 | VT Fuze |
Air target fuze (missile) | Aug 9, 1977 (18 year delay) |
William K. Saunders | Secretary Of The Army | 102/214, 342/68 |
4047792 |
Torque while turn-around scan mirror
assembly |
1977-09-13 |
C.
Harold Dale, Jr.Spencer
D. Howe, Robert
L. Bonebreak, Charles
J. Starkus |
Hughes |
||
4059052 | VT Fuze |
Fuze modulation system | Nov 22, 1977 (20 year delay) |
Philip R. Karr | Secretary Of The Army | 102/214, 342/68 |
4083238 | VT Fuze test |
System for
testing proximity fuzes roof of building with numerous antennas nearby |
Apr 11, 1978 | John O. Dick | Secretary Of The Navy | |
4089000 | VT Fuze |
High altitude pulse doppler fuze | May 9, 1978 (8 year delay) |
William C. Bradford | Secretary Of The Navy | |
4093154 | SW |
Target
seeking gyro for a missile (1953) vacuum tubes "requires the use of an AC signal to accomplish precession" see 4464943 |
Jun 6, 1978 (25 year delay) |
William B. McLean | Walter G. Finch | |
4118702 | VT Fuze |
Doppler distance measuring system (proximity fuze) | Oct 3, 1978 (19 year delay) |
Jacob Rabinow (MD) | Secretary Of The Army | |
4122776 | VT Fuze |
Dynamic clamp circuits | Oct 31, 1978 (24 year delay) |
Paul M. Tedder (Top Secret 1954 - 1978) | Secretary Of The Army | 102/214, 327/335, 342/68, 327/551, 327/13 |
4139849 | VT Fuze |
Doppler fuzing system having a high resistance to noise and jamming | Feb 13, 1979 (25 year delay) |
Paul M. Tedder | Secretary Of The Army | 342/68, 342/16, 102/214 |
4159476 | VT Fuze |
Ejection fuze | Jun 26, 1979 (25 year delay) |
Hans W. Kohler (Top Secret 1954 - 1979) | Secretary Of The Army | 102/214, 327/69, 342/68 |
4168663 | VT Fuze |
Computer
fuzes 3562752 Dist ind sys (18 yr) - AEC 4128836 Ord Fuze (18 yr) |
Sep 25, 1979 (25 year delay) |
Hans W. Kohler (Top Secret 1954 - 1979) | Secretary Of The Army | 102/214, 342/68 |
4185797 | SW |
Target
seeking gyro (1953) vacuum tubes |
Jan 29, 1980 (23 year delay) |
William B. McLean | Walter G. Finch | |
4191346 | SW |
Target
seeking gyro vacuum tubes |
Mar 4, 1980 (23 year delay) |
William B. McLean, deceased | Walter G. Finch | |
4194202 | VT Fuze |
Grid pulsed oscillator and detector | Mar 18, 1980 (21 year delay) |
William E. Doyle (Top Secret 1959 - 1980) | Secretary Of The Navy | 102/214, 102/219, 327/494, 327/587, 342/16, 342/68 |
4194203 | VT Fuze | Pulse
doppler-radio proximity fuze 3125026 Prox Fuze (19 yr) 3326130 Prox Fuze (18 yr) |
Mar 18, 1980 (29 year delay) |
William E. Doyle (Top Secret 1951 - 1980) | Secretary Of The Navy | 342/16, 342/68, 102/214 |
4195294 | VT Fuze | Dual channel proximity fuze | Mar 25, 1980 (24 year delay) |
John D. Reid (Top Secret 1956 - 1980) | Secretary Of The Navy | 102/214, 342/68, 342/16 |
4195295 | VT Fuze | Pulse doppler-radio proximity fuze | Mar 25, 1980 (24 year delay) |
John H. Kuck (Top Secret 1959 -1980) | Secretary Of The Navy | 342/68, 342/16, 102/214 |
4195574 | PW Fuze |
Optical fuze
(thermal IR) |
Apr 1, 1980 (19 year delay) |
Stephen M. MacNeille | Secretary Of The Navy | |
4203110 | VT Fuze | Microwave
proximity fuze requiring no warm-up time after being
activated (transistors) |
May 13, 1980 (17 year delay) |
John O. Dick | Secretary Of The Navy | |
4203365 | VT Fuze | Jammer
apprehending amplifier for proximity fuzes (jammer resistance circuits) |
May 20, 1980 (24 year delay) |
Bradshaw Burnham, Charles F. Nichols | Secretary Of The Navy | 102/214, 342/16, 342/68 |
4218525 | Res Bat |
Reserve type battery | Aug 19, 1980 (31 Year Delay) |
Paul J. Selgin | Secretary Of The Army | |
4218977 | VT Fuze | Doppler distance measuring system (Proximity Fuze) | Aug 26, 1980 (21 year delay) |
Henry P. Kalmus (Top Secret 1959 - 1980) | Secretary Of The Army | 102/214, 342/68 |
4203365 |
VT Fuze | Jammer apprehending amplifier for
proximity fuzes |
1980-05-20 (24 Year delay) |
US Secretary of Navy | ||
4220952 | VT Fuze | Random FM autocorrelation fuze system | Sep 2, 1980 (24 year delay) |
Donald J. Adrian, Thomas B. Whiteley | Secretary Of The Navy | 102/214, 342/68 |
4232314 | VT Fuze | FM Autocorrelation fuze system | Nov 4, 1980 (22 year delay) |
Donald J. Adrian (Top Secret 1958 - 1980) | Secretary Of The Navy | 342/68, 102/214 |
4245558 | PE Fuze |
Infrared proximity fuze electronic amplifier | Jan 20, 1981 (18 year delay) |
Michael Flaherty | Secretary Of The Navy | |
4270142 | Adaptive slant range compensator for a remote optical mapping system | |
Gerald R. Mackelburg, Peter D. McCardell, Howard B. McCracken | Secretary of the Navy | ||
4281809 |
wEye | Method of precision bombing (using
beacons) |
1981-08-04 |
Frank
P. Oglesby, Walter L. Wuster |
US
Department of Navy |
|
4307855 | SW |
Target seeking gyro (1953) | William B. McLean | Walter G. Finch | ||
4309003 | SW |
Target seeking gyro (1953) | William B. McLean | Walter G. Finch | ||
4309004 | SW |
Target seeking gyro (1953) | William B. McLean | Walter G. Finch | ||
4309005 | SW |
Target seeking gyro (1953) | William B. McLean | Walter G. Finch | ||
4309706 |
Shrike |
Wideband direction-finding system |
1982-01-05 (8 year delay) |
Joseph
A. Mosko |
Dept of Navy | |
4315609 |
Pelican? (Wiki) |
Target locating and missile guidance
system (very complex system) |
1982-02-16 (11 year delay) |
James D. McLean, Frederick
C. Alpers, George
R. Lanning, Fred
H. Camphausen |
Dept
of Navy |
|
4317118 |
Shrike |
Symmetrical beam-forming network |
1982-02-23 (9 year delay) |
Robert
G. Corzine, Guenter
H. Winkler |
Dept of Navy | |
4320703 |
Shrike |
Target detecting device | Mar 23, 1982 (14 year delay) |
Erwin I. Abadie, Kenneth A. Lawlor, John O. Dick | Secretary Of The Navy | |
4337701 | SADF |
Electromechanical (missile) warhead safety-arming device | Jul 6, 1982 | James G. Janson | Secretary Of The Navy | |
4351240 |
Shrike? |
Incendiary fragmentary warhead |
1982-09-28 (7 year dealy) |
Melvin
J. McCubbin, Clifford
T. Johnson, Paul
E. Cordle |
||
4355562 |
Armor (composite plate light weight) |
1982-10-26 |
Robert G. S. Sewell, John K. Pringle, Marvin E. Backman, Stephen A. Finnegan | Dept
of Navy |
||
4360816 |
Shrike |
Phased array of six log-periodic dipoles |
1982-11-23 (11 year delay) |
Robert
G. Corzine |
Dept of Navy | |
4360812 | VT Fuze | FM-CW Fuze | Nov 23, 1982 (15 year delay) |
Salvador J. Peperone (Top Secret 1967 - 1982) | Secretary Of The Army | 342/128, 102/214, 342/68 |
4388869 |
Rotating rod warhead (warhead, for a non orbital satellite interceptor) |
1983-06-21 (15 year delay) |
Stuart
K. Edleson |
US Department of Navy |
||
4431306 | Method and apparatus for precision control of radiometer | Feb 14, 1984 | Roger S. Estey, Michael F. Hanna | |||
4464943 |
Seeker gyroscope having reduced
cross-coupling between rotor spin and precession "in target seeker missiles" |
1984-08-14 |
Harold
E. Andrews, Spencer
D. Howe |
Hughes |
||
4525720 |
Shrike |
Integrated spiral antenna and printed
circuit balun |
1985-06-25 |
Robert
G. Corzine, Joseph
A. Mosko |
Dept
of Navy |
|
H27H |
Shrike |
Integrable broadside power divider (H: Statutory Invention Registration (SIR)) |
1986-02-04 |
Joseph
A. Mosko |
Dept of Navy | |
4609888 |
Shrike |
Direction finding antenna interface |
1986-09-02 |
Robert G. Corzine, Joseph A. Mosko | Dept of Navy | |
4661907 | Method for determining an angstrom exponent for correcting satellite color scanner images (ocean color) | Robert A. Arnone, Ronald J. Holyer (Carriere, Miss.) | Secretary Of The Navy | |||
4665401 |
Millimeter wave length guidance system |
1987-05-12 |
John
T. Garrard, Jack
E. Gregg, Robert
S. Roeder |
Sperry
Corp |
||
4719584 |
Dual mode video tracker "both correlation and centroid video processors" |
1988-01-12 |
Arthur
K. Rue, Gordon
T. Pope, Earl
L. Emerson |
Hughes |
||
4737740 |
Shrike |
Discontinuous-taper directional coupler |
1988-04-12 |
George
L. Millican, Joseph
A. Mosko |
Dept of Navy | |
4885994 |
Armor penetration resistance enhancement (adds armor to missile) |
1989-12-12 |
Marvin
E. Backman, Stephen
A. Finnegan, Kent
G. Whitman, Robert
G. S. Sewell |
Dept
of Navy |
||
4982665 |
wEye? |
Shaped charge |
1991-01-08 (18 year delay) |
Robert
G. S. Sewell, John
Pearson |
Dept
of Navy |
|
4901039 |
Shrike |
Coupled strip line circuit |
1990-02-13 |
Robert
G. Corzine, Joseph
A. Mosko |
Dept of Navy | |
4999491 |
Optical seeker
with rosette scanning (YouTube: Strela-2 Missile IR seeker) |
Mar 12, 1991 | Gerd Semler, Gerd Wilhelm | Bodenseewerk Geratetchnik Gmbh | ||
5021796 |
Shrike |
Broad band, polarization diversity
monopulse antenna |
1991-06-04 (20 year delay) |
Robert
G. Corzine, Bruce
E. Bolstad, John S. Johantgen |
||
5038686 |
Shrike/Harm? |
Spherical warhead (Anti-Radiation Missile (ARM) warhead) |
1991-08-13 |
Thomas
R. Zulkoski, Robert
G. S. Sewell |
||
5144422 |
Optimal television imaging system for
guided missile Newvicon (Wiki) replaces Vidicon(Wiki) |
1992-09-01 |
Leland
R. Baker, Lewis
J. Golden |
Hughes |
||
5182418 | Aimable
warhead pattern of shrapnel can be controlled at detonation |
Jan 26, 1993 (28 year delay) |
James C. Talley | Secretary Of The Navy | ||
5233420 |
Solid state time base corrector (TBC) |
1993-08-03 |
John
L. Piri, Marc
L. Moulton |
|||
5679921 | Infra-red tracking flare | Oct 21, 1997 (29 year delay) |
George T. Hahn, Paul G. Rivette, Rodney G. Weldon | Secretary Of The Navy | ||
5791591 | Target seeking free gyro | Aug 11, 1998 | Fay Hoban | Secretary Of The Navy | ||
6198425 | VT Fuze |
Pulse
doppler target detecting device (5 tubes) |
Mar 6, 2001 (31 year delay) |
John J. Nastronero Top Secret 1970 - 2001) | Secretary Of The Navy | 342/68, 102/214 |
6518912 | VT Fuze |
Signal processing circuit (Noise or CW jamming imune) | Feb 11, 2003 (37 year delay) |
John O. Dick, Erwin I. Abadie, Kenneth A. Lawlor (Top Secret 1966 - 2003) | Secretary Of The Navy | 342/13, 102/214, 342/68, 342/16, 342/17 |
7504177 | Res Bat |
Reserve battery with set back mechanism for delayed battery activation | Mar 17, 2009 | Mark John Peabody | Eaglepicher
Technologies, Llc 63 Citations |
Whenever the U.S. military makes use of explosives in munitions a Safe and Arm mechanism is typically present to prevent the explosive from going off during normal handling and mishandling of the munition.
Ref: Design Methodology for Safe and Arm Devices, F. Sauerlaender, OSD, Aug 2001, NAWCWD, China Lake (DTIC.pdf)
Acknowledgements: Steven Fowler, Jack Waller, David Riggs, Ken Chirkis, Erhard Knebel, Werner Gehrke,
"Fuze development is a very complex process. For example, not only must the fuze initiate the warhead at the appropriate time (reliability considerations), the weapon must be safe to store, transport, and handle prior to that point (safety considerations). In other words, throughout its lifetime, the fuze must be 99.9999% safe"
Patents
4091734 Aircraft to weapon fuze communication link, Stephen L. Redmond, Steven E. Fowler, Dept of Navy, 1978-05-30, -
Prior Art: AWW-1, AWW-2m AWW-4: Fuze function control sets. Choose, by setting voltage at release: (proximity (+300), instantaneous (+195), delay1 (-195)or delay2 (-300)). Makes use of the Mark 39 quick-disconnect receptacle which has problems with high humidity. see: 36673924215633 Acoustic emission contact fuze with signal processing capability, Matthew E. Anderson, Timothy P. Zvada, Jack T. Waller, Jr., Dept of Navy, 1980-08-05, - triggers based on sound in the 100kHz to 1 MHz range, of impact between missile and aircraft.
H492H Safe/arm device, Jerome A. Kong, David L. Riggs, Dept of Navy, 1988-07-05, - [statutory invention registration See 35 U.S.C. 157, repealed 9/16/2011]
Unknown model:
4867393 Reduced fin span thrust vector controlled pulsed tactical missile, Lawrence C. Faupell, Steven R. Wassom, Northrop Grumman, 1989-09-19, - "A tactical pulsed missile with a movable nozzle for thrust vector control and movable aerofins to provide greater maneuverability and flexibility."
One of the motivating incidents for the development of the Sidewinder was the Battle of Palmdale (Wiki). The Mighty Mouse 2-3/4" Folding Fin Aerial Rockets (Wiki) failed to shoot a Grumman F6F-5K down. Then a massive attempt was made to shoot it down with no success.
This web page contains many many patents related to the Sidewinder. It was intended for shooting down high altitude bombers. See: Ultimate Weapon.
In the patent table on this web page "SW" is the code for Sidewinder.
The power source for the Sidewinder is a gas generator.
Rolleron (Wiki)
The Bat TV guided bomb (Wiki) demonstrated a problem of air frame movement caused by aerodynamic instability which in turn changed where the TV camera looked. That in turn means that for a TV camera fixed to the air frame the field of view needs to be much wider so that target lock is not panned out of frame. If target lock is broken it may take some time to reacquire or it may never reacquire. I expect this lesson had been learned before or during the development of Sidewinder.
YouTube: spicy110: The Rolleron! Amazing engineering! Aim-9 Sidewinder!, 5:40, AIM 9 SIDEWINDER MISSILE | How it Works with Rolleron Demo!, 23:43, THE SIDEWINDER SAGA!, 14:03
YouTube: Millennium 7 * HistoryTech: Who Invented the Rollerons? - The genius behind the Sidewinder's stability mechanism, 4:05 -
Photos
Fig 1 Overall
Fig 2 Rolleron locked (shipping & storage?)
Fig 4 Bottom
Fig 3 Rolleron unlocked
Patents
2775202 Gyroscopic roll control system for aircraft, Sydney R Crockett, 1956-12-25 -
Only works to stabilize missile in roll.
like Rolleron except pivot shaft is 90 deg to C.L.
I'm guessing that if the air frame rolls the IR guidance system which uses what amounts to circular scanning might get confused and break lock. So that may have been the impetus to add this device.
2935947 Three axis gyroscopic aerodynamic damping system, Leonard T Jagiello, Sec of Navy, 10 May 1960 -
"Three axis" is in title because by canting the pivot axis from 90 to 45 degrees a lot more control has been achieved in Pitch, Yaw and Roll.
These improvements all make the view of the IR sensor more stable, that's to say make it less likely to loose lock.
It goes without saying (but I'm saying it here) that this is a missile that does not roll like a bullet, but rather has a well defined up, down left and right directions.
3285536 Pie rotary damper, Earl J Donaldson, James W Oestreich, 1966-11-15, -
These may be an based on the German Hs 293 (Wiki) and Fritz X (Wiki) guide bombs (See Ref. 41) since Herbert Wagner came to the US as part of Operation Paperclip (Wiki). These were primarily anti-ship glide bombs. The Radio Control link from the bomber to the glide bomb (Hs 293 or FX) was the Kehl-Strasbourg (Wiki).
An image dissector tube showed up on eBay with a description that it was used in a TV like camera to guide a drone-bomb. Farnsworth, the father of TV, (Wiki) patented a Fusor (see my Electron/fusion web page) that will never work. Also see Farnsworth TV below
Early U.S. work on a TV guided bomb (Wiki) was not successful. The GB-1 (Wiki), and the GB-4 (Wiki) were early Guide Bombs that did not work. Some experimental versions tried TV and other forms of guidance.
AZON
The Azon (Wiki) AZimuth ONly glide bomb did work. Developed under Division 5 of the NDRC (Wiki) VB-1 (1,000#) and VB-2 (2,000#) bombs.
See Ref 28, Ref 29 & Ref 30 videos.
Uses a pair of gyroscopes to prevent rotation, i.e. up - down - left - right have meaning. See Rolleron above for a simpler way.
The Radio receiver is a box as is the dual gyro unit. The 24 VDC battery is also a box. All three boxes are inserted in the back of the Azon adapter and paperwork is placed under the rear cylindrical flare (looks like a quart or gallon paint can). I'm guessing that part of the paperwork is the radio channel used for that receiver. There are videos showing 5 Azon bombs all in the air at the same time which implies five bombers and 5 operators controlling each of them.
References cited in Ref 36 (from Chapter 9):
25. NDRC Report WA-33-2; report of J. Lawson.
26. NDRC Report WA-71-14; equipment GL3(X).
27. Intelligence Report, Serial 920, Naval Attache at London, May 20, 1941.
28. Intelligence Report, Serial 213, Naval Attache at London, Feb. 11, 1941.
29. ONI Report, Serial 256, N.A.A. London, Jan. 29, 1942.
30. BuOrd Letter S67(Re4al), Dec. 19. 1941.
31. C.O. R.O.E. Letter DD418/S67/A5, Serial 01. Jan. 5, 1942.
32. Letter from Navy Department to Dr. R. C. Tolman, File No.(SC)S78-l(SONRD),Oct.24,1941. Div.4-730-M2
33. Memorandum on Radar Ranging—Tests at Parris Island, S67G047) Re4, Oct. 13, 1941. Div. 4-730-MI
34. Serial 920 N.A.A. London, May 20, 1941.
35. NDRC Report W-143-1, Section f.
RAZON
VB-3 RAZON (Wiki) Range and AZimuth ONly. VB-3 (1,000#) and VB-4 (2,000#) bombs.
TAZON
ASM-A-1 Tarzon (Wiki) VB-13 RAZON guidance system and British Tallboy (Wiki) 12,000# bomb. AN/ARW-38 Remote Control Radio Transmitter and AN/URW-2 Remote Control Receiver. Too large to fit inside the B-29 so mounted half in and half out slowing down the B-29.
ASM-N-2 Bat
The ASM-N-2 Bat (Wiki) was an early RADAR guided bomb. It started out as a TV Guided bomb (Wiki: Bat-history). This was closely related to Project Pigeon (Wiki) where a pigeon would guide the bomb. Pigeons in a Pelican by B.F. Skinner, Harvard Univ,
Also see Rolleron regarding the need for a stable air frame.
The US Kittering Bug was the first of our guided missiles. The Air Force JB-1 Bat "Thunderbug" (Wiki) was a missile similar to the N-2 Bat. The JB-2 (Wiki) was a US version of the German V-1 (Wiki) with twice the payload (2,000 lbs v. 1,000 lbs.).
Sea Skimming Anti-ship missiles
Wiki: Sinking of the Moskva - R-360 Neptune anti-ship missile - This may be an explanation: YouTube: Bad design can kill: Missile defense and user fatigue -
Quora: What do anti-ship missiles do differently from other missiles? - Wiki: Sea skimming -
Wiki: Comparison of Anti-ship missiles -
US Navy: Naval Strike Missile - Raytheon
2443198 Pulse selector unit, Max E Sallach, 1948-06-15, - Radio Control decoder
2448007 Self-controlled projectile, Waldemar A Ayres, Sperry Corp, App: 1943-01-08, W.W.II, Pub: 1948-08-31, - RADAR based anti-ship
2462081 Servomotor system, Orland E Esval, Sperry Corp, 1949-02-22, - Bat?????
2512693 Guided missile, Jr Earl C Sparks, Moulton B Taylor, App: 1946-07-02, W.W.II, Pub: 1950-06-27, - "...particularly, this invention relates to guided missiles capable of computing and traveling along an intercept course..."
2516356 Automatic range tracking and memory circuit, William J Tull, Proctor Warren, Sec of Navy, App: 1944-10-13, W.W.II, Pub: 1950-07-25, 342/95; 342/92 -
2572986 Radar tracking system, Chance Britton, App: 1945-03-22, W.W.II, Pub: 1951-10-30, - "...to track a target in range..."
2587995 System for guiding airplanes in flight, David T Griggs, Navy, App: 1943-10-05, W.W.II, Pub: 1952-03-04, - early ILS (Wiki)?
2677758 Electrical tracking circuit, Carl C Robinson, William J Tull, Sec of War, App: 1945-12-10, W.W.II, Pub: 1954-05-04, - "...automatic homing nissile..." see: 2950880 below
2709804 Automatic range and azimuth tracking system, Chance Britton, Andrew B Jacobsen, Sec of War, App: 1945-09-14, W.W.II, Pub: 1955-05-31, - Track While Scan (Wiki) the wiki page does not know about this patent.
2710958 Pulse encoder, Max E Sallach, App: 1946-08-07, W.W.II, Pub: 1955-06-14, - for Radio Control
2824710 Control system for guided missiles, Albert C Hall, Air Force, App: 1949-01-05, SECRET, Pub: 1958-02-25, - "...a servo control System for a guided missile having the aerodynamic form of a glider employing elevon control surfaces." Controlled by on board RADAR.
2950880 Method of and means for guiding missiles, Chance Britton, David T Griggs, Navy, App: 1945-01-18, TOP SECRET, Pub: 1960-08-30, 244/3.11; 102/384; 244/3.13; 244/3.19; 244/190; 318/581; 342/62 -
Glide bomb with on board RADAR: ASM-N-2 Bat (Wiki)
Walleye (Wiki)
The AGM-62 Walleye (Wiki) was a 1960s TV guided bomb. This was developed at China Lake by: Norman Kay (hands on TV experience, no patents), William H. Woodworth, Dave Livingston, Jack Crawford, George Lewis, Larry Brown, Steve Brugler, Bob (Sam) Cunningham
To get away from command guided missiles and have a launch and leave capability was the goal. Note that Laser Guided "smart bombs" are NOT launch and leave, they require target designation until impact.
This is my best guess as to Walleye related patents. But some may apply to another missile or to both Walleye and some other, or if I made a mistake it's a patent that does not belong on this list.
2725520 Electrical error detector, Woodworth William H, 1955-11-29,
Excluded are patents that Walleye borrowed from Sidewinder which would include the servo actuators but not the gas powered electrical generator which did not have the run time needed for Walleye (1 min 30 sec for a long drop) and so Walleye used a tail mounted propeller to drive a generator.
2731521 Magnetic amplifiers, Crawford Jack A, 1956-01-17,
2822511 Magnetic integrator, Crawford Jack A, Mclean William B, 1958-02-04,
2864053 Silicon diode error detector, Woodworth William H, 1958-12-09,
2979614 Sweep-memory voltage generator, Woodworth William H, 1961-04-11, - based on magnetic amp
3041470 Horizontal sweep circuit for cathode-ray tube, Woodworth William H, Jun 26, 1962,
3136848 Vidicon with low impedance amplifier for extended high frequency response and improved signal to noise ratio (photo sensors work well into shorts), Woodworth William H, Jun 9, 1964
3176523 Two axis rate gyro (pitch & yaw telemetry), Thomas S Amlie, Earl J Donaldson, 1965-04-06
3181147 All-weather projectile fire control system-director mode, Jack A Crawford, John H Gregory, 1965-04-27,
3188482 Stabilized servo system, Crawford Jack A, Woodworth William H, 1965-06-08,
3223777 Scanner system, Crawford Jack A, Woodworth William H, Dec 14, 1965, - Earth imaging from space - weather (Walleye?)
3373363 Discriminator circuit responsive to a pulse position relative to a gate period, Joseph S Brugler, William H Woodworth, 1968-03-12,
3474986 Two-degree gyro for a television camera, Donaldson Earl J, Oct 28, 1969,
3554129 Optical fusing system, Alpers Frederick C, Apr 27, 1971, - missile with wings so Bat/Walleye, not sidewinder
3566794 Controlled fragmentation of multi-walled warheads, John Pearson, Robert G S Sewell, Richard T Carlisle, 1971-03-02, -
3623375 Gyro-nutation damper, William H Woodworth, Jack A Crawford, James Parmerlee, 1971-11-30,
3624365 Vertical attitude measuring device (gyro + accelerometer), Woodworth William H, Nov 30, 1971,
3651325 Image stabilization system, Frederick C Alpers, 1972-03-21, - the optics are shifted but not the imaging tube, so less weight is being moved. Removes platform motion from the image.
3651326 Passive electro-optical seeker, Frederick C Alpers, 1972-03-21,
3661347 Gain changer (missile control system), Crawford Jack A, Woodworth William H, May 9, 1972,
3714498 Television camera (electrostatically deflection), Woodworth W, Jan 30, 1973, - electrostatic deflection TV camera, transistors, replaced by 3879637
3717098 Warhead breakup sensor, Cordle P, Davis E, Higuera R, Lockwood D, McCubbin M, 1973-02-20, explodes warhead if breakup sensed
3725576 Television tracking system, Woodworth, J Crawford, G Lewis, Apr 3, 1973 (11 year delay), - Fig 5 aircraft parallel with Walleye, so plane needs to point to target to train missile (just like shrike).
3742812 Method of aiming a television guided missile, W Woodworth, R Cunningham, US Secretary of Navy, 1973-07-03, 89/1.56; 33/230; 348/117; 348/169 -
3764923 Automatic (Video) pulse level control, M Moulton, J Whittington, W Woodworth, 1973-10-09,
3878483 Voltage-tunable, seven-decade, continuously-variable oscillator, Kay R Richardson, 1975-04-15,
3879637 Television camera, Woodworth William H, Apr 22, 1975, - magnetic vidicon (Wiki) TV-guided missiles, transistors, very small and light, electronic zoom, digital methods of generating needed frequencies,
3902685 Angle gating, Frederick C Alpers, 1975-09-02, - allows excluding nearby false targets
3920199 Rate-gyro stabilized platform, Moulton Marc L, Woodworth William H, Nov 18, 1975,
3924458 Pressure sensitive control device, William H Woodworth, Robert D Cunningham, 1975-12-09, - (substantially unmovable Joystick Wiki) for use in aircraft)
3934511 Linear shaped charge warhead, Paul E. Cordle, Melvin J. McCubbin, 1976-01-27 (8 year delay), - Monroe Effect (Wiki), 8-point star in cross section,
3992998 Warhead, penetrating nose shape, Paul E. Cordle, Melvin J. McCubbin, Clifford T. Johnson, James K. Brown, 1976-11-23,
4010689 Apparatus for sensing target distance (uses gamma X-rays), Irving I. Sochard, Marcella C. Petree, Wallace N. Knutsen, Frederick E. Warnock, Edward A. White, Jr., 1977-03-08,
4982665 Shaped charge, Robert G. S. Sewell, John Pearson, 1991-01-08 (18 year delay), - conventional cone illustrated but applicable to the linear units used in missiles. The idea is to put a small air gap between the explosive and copper cone.
Shrike (Wiki)
While technically an Air to Ground Missile (AGM) it's function was as an anti radiation missile.
Also see my Radar Warning Receiver web page for the AGM-45 Shrike. I designed one of the detectors and an automatic test system to match them into sets of four.
The key Shrike patents are 3949955 and 5021796.
This is my best guess pairing patents with the Shrike. If you know of an mistake or omission please let me know.
Andreas Parsch: Texas Instruments ASM-N-10/AGM-45 Shrike - great details.
3121869 Radar range tracking system, Frederick C Alpers, Sec of Navy, 1964-02-18, - maybe not Shrike. Tracks on the leading edge of the return pulse. Vacuum tubes.
3453617 Switchable linear-circular polarized monopulse radar feed producing two axis (three-dimensional tracking) information utilizing a two-lobe monopulse design,
Robert H Begeman, Orville G Brickey, Charles W May, Richard E McCormick, Dept of Navy, 1969-07-01, -
While this is a patent for circular polarized radar (with Tx and Rx) it also provides for a single antenna that can resolve 2-axis information.
3498224 Fragmentation warhead having circumferential layers of cubical fragments, Paul E Cordle, Richard P Birge, US Dept of Navy,
1970-03-03, - twenty something thousand metal cubes
Photo of flechette and cubes from Ukraine 2023.
These came along with a Shahed 136 part that included a servo.
3508493 Dynamic warhead fragment, Peter J Olenick Jr, Department of Navy, 1970-04-28, -
3530478 Frequency independent log periodic slot multi-mode antenna array, Robert G Corzine, Joseph A Mosko, Dept of Navy,
1970-09-22, -
3574258 Method of making a transreflector for an antenna, Charles W May, Franklin A Porter, John W Pickett, Dept of Navy,
1971-04-13, -
3683385 Direction finding antenna system (Spiral Ant + 4 detectors), Corzine Robert G, Mosko Joseph A, Us Navy, Aug 8, 1972, -
Shrike
3712228 Target marker warhead (prior warhead did not work well), Burford M, Handler G, Us Navy, Jan 23, 1973, -
3720168 Elliptical warhead, Sylwester A, Us Navy, 1973-03-13, -
3813670 High resolution range tracking circuit, F Alpers, Dept of Navy, 1974-05-28, -
3886498 Wideband, matched three port power divider, Joseph A Mosko, Robert G Corzine, Dept of Navy, 1975-05-27, -
3918060 Terminal aim point refinement circuit, Frederick C Alpers, Dept of Navy, 1975-11-04, -
3949955 Monopulse receiver circuit for an anti-radar missile tracking system, Langthorne Sykes, Duane J. Russell, Robert E. Atkinson, Dept of Navy, App: 1963-04-04 (13 year delay), Pub:1976-04-13,
Shrike
4309706 Wideband direction-finding system, Joseph A. Mosko, Dept of Navy, App: 1974-11-14, (8 year delay), Pub: 1982-01-05, - Combines log spiral and "towel bar" antennas for broader frequency coverage.
Is this Shrike or HARM? let me know.
4317118 Symmetrical beam-forming network, Robert G. Corzine, Guenter H. Winkler, Dept of Navy, App: 1973-11-08, (9 year delay) Pub: 1982-02-23, -
4320703 Target detecting device, Erwin I. Abadie, Kenneth A. Lawlor, John O. Dick, Secretary Of The Navy, App: 1966-05-27, (14 year delay), Pub: 1982-03-23, - "Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a passive type target detecting device which will discriminate against off-target radars."
4351240 Incendiary fragmentary warhead, Melvin J. McCubbin, Clifford T. Johnson, Paul E. Cordle, App: 1975-02-28 (7 year delay) Pub: 1982-09-28, -
4360816 Phased array of six log-periodic dipoles, Robert G. Corzine, Dept of Navy, App: 1971-07-21 (11 year delay) Pub: 1982-11-23, -
4525720 Integrated spiral antenna and printed circuit balun, Robert G. Corzine, Joseph A. Mosko, Dept of Navy,
1985-06-25, -
H27H Integrable broadside power divider, (H: Statutory Invention Registration (SIR)), Joseph A. Mosko, Dept of Navy, 1986-02-04, -
4609888 Direction finding antenna interface, Robert G. Corzine, Joseph A. Mosko, Dept of Navy, 1986-09-02, -
4737740 Discontinuous-taper directional coupler, George L. Millican, Joseph A. Mosko, Dept of Navy, 1988-04-12, -
4901039 Coupled strip line circuit, Robert G. Corzine, Joseph A. Mosko, Dept of Navy, 1990-02-13, -
5021796 Broad band, polarization diversity monopulse antenna, Robert G. Corzine, Bruce E. Bolstad,
John S. Johantgen, Department of Navy, App: 1971-01-15 (20 year delay), Pub: 1991-06-04, -
5038686 Spherical warhead, (Anti-Radiation Missile (ARM) warhead), Thomas R. Zulkoski, Robert G. S. Sewell, Department of Navy, 1991-08-13, -
Paveway
This is not a directly a China Lake development, but I'm putting it here because the Shrike was used as an early test bead (AirVectors: Paveway). That lead to a couple of patents:
3380358 Range gated imaging system, Don B Neumann, App: 1965-08-24, Pub: 1968-04-30, - Q-switched ruby laser 60ns pulse, allows clearer photograph by gating out stray light.
3409368 Ranging device, Humbert M Fernandez, Martin Marietta, App: 1964-01-07, Pub: 1968-11-05, - Laser Range Finder.
3567163 Guidance system, Robert B Kepp, Raymond C Shreckengost, Martin Marietta, App: 1971-03-02, Pub: 1971-03-02, - dual TV cameras track missile and tank, AGM
3707598 Electronic pattern recognition, Joe M Scarbrough, Martin Marietta, App:1969-07-02, Pub: 1972-12-26, -
3772516 Magnifier scanner tracker, R Roberts, G Harmon, M Colpack, B Askowith, Martin Marietta, App: 1969-11-06 , Pub: 1973-11-13, - targeting pod for aircraft?
4091412 Target designation system, David J. Salonimer, Army, Priority: 1967-12-01, Pub: 1978-05-23, - the priority date is before 3778007 - laser designator, includes RF gating signal
4049969 Passive optical transponder, David J. Salonimer, Buster E. Kelley, AF, App: 1970-03-19, Pub: 1977-09-20, - UV to colored light for IFF
3778007 Rod television-guided drone to perform reconnaissance and ordnance delivery, S Kearney, W Richardson, Navy, App: 1972-05-08, Pub: 1973-12-11, -laser designator, includes RF gating signal, Why "Rod" in title?
Farnsworth (TV General)
2071515 Electron multiplying device, Philo T Farnsworth, Farnsworth Television Inc, 1937-02-23, 348/330; 313/381; 330/42; 331/133; 327/573; 348/217.1; 250/207; 315/11; 331/86; 331/184 -
2085742 Electron image amplifier, Philo T Farnsworth, Farnsworth Television Inc, 1937-07-06, 315/1; 315/11; 315/13.1 -
RE22009 Electron Image Amplifier, Philo T Farnsworth, Farnsworth Television Inc, 1942-01-20, 315/1; 313/378; 315/13.1; 313/409 - 2087683 Image dissector, Philo T Farnsworth, Farnsworth Television Inc, 1937-07-20, 315/1; 315/11.5; 427/74; 427/427; 315/11; 315/13.1; 427/64; 427/75 -
2140695 Charge storage dissector, Philo T Farnsworth, Farnsworth Television Inc,1938-12-20, 348/330; 313/103R; 313/329; 315/11; 427/64; 427/74; 427/125; 313/381 -
2216265 Image dissector, Philo T Farnsworth, Farnsworth Television Inc,1940-10-01, 348/330; 313/310; 313/381; 315/10; 348/164 -
2163966 Box element multiplier, Richard L Snyder, Farnsworth Television and Radio Corp, 1939-06-27, 313/105R -
2292111 Image dissector, Philo T Farnsworth, Farnsworth Television Inc, 1942-08-04, 313/381; 313/329; 313/346R -
2425956 Target seeking device with phototube multiplier, Hans W G Salinger, Farnsworth Television and Radio Corp, App: 1944-01-27, Pub: 1947-08-19, -
2433700 Phototube multiplier, Christian C Larson, Farnsworth Research Corp, App: 1943-11-04, Pub: 1947-12-30, 313/103R; 250/207; 313/105R; 313/536 -
2433724 Phototube multiplier, Lozure G Wolfgang, Farnsworth Research Corp, App: 1944-05-29, Pub: 1947-12-30, 313/536; 313/105R -
2445562 Panoramic receiving system, Cawein Madison, Robert W Sanders, Farnsworth Research Corp, App: 1943-02-25, Pub: 1948-07-20, 455/146; 455/147; 455/148 -
2459778 Image dissector, Christian C Larson, Farnsworth Research Corp, App: 1945-07-09, Pub: 1949-01-18, 348/330; 250/207; 250/214R; 313/105R; 313/381; 315/11; 315/12.1 -
2586854 Printed circuit construction, William H Myers, Farnsworth Research Corp, 1952-02-26, 361/795; 174/260; 174/267; 439/56; 361/760; 361/816; 174/263; 330/66; 174/387; 174/DIG.35 -
2641723 Television image analyzing tube, Philo T Farnsworth, Capehart Farnsworth Corp, 1953-06-09, 313/381; 313/256; 313/394; 313/111; 313/296 -
2824253 Electron multiplier, Samuel G Fong, Hans W G Salinger, ITT, 1958-02-18, 313/105R; 313/536 -
AGM-65 Maverick (Wiki)
The Maverick is one of the missiles developed by Hughes (not China Lake) (Wiki: AIM-4 Falcon et al, AIM-54 Phoenix, AIM-120 AMRAAM, AGM-65 Maverick, BGM-71 TOW, Brazo) and is the most widely produced precision-guided missile in the Western world. Has the look and feel of the AIM-4 Falcon and the AIM-54 Phoenix. The AGM-65 has a cylindrical body with long-chord delta wings and tail control surfaces mounted close to the trailing edge of the wing of the aircraft using it. Some versions are fire-and-forget.
Variants
Two warhead options: 125 pound Shaped-charge or 300 pound penetrator.
1971
AGM-65
Wiki: Contrast seeker 1975
AGM-65B "Scene Magnified" capability in addition to classic EO TV for Warsaw Pack forces
1978
AGM-65C/E Wiki: LaserGuided, 300 pound penetrator, not fire-and-forget
1977 - 1986
AGM-65D imaging infrared (IIR) seeker 1989 - 1994
AGM-65F imaging infrared (IIR) seeker for Navy (P-3C)
AGM-65G imaging infrared (IIR) seeker 2007
AGM-65H AGM-65B & CCD seaker for use in deserts
AGM-65J Navy version of the AGM-65H
AGM-65K AGM-65G EO TV seeker
Polaris (Wiki: UGM-27)
At 4'-6" dia x 32'-4" tall with a weight of 35,700 pounds. 2,500 mile range. W47 nuclear warhead (Wiki) which had a lot of problems.
3379097 Rocket launching, Fisher William Thoby, Vickers, 1968-04-23, -
3408873 Pulsed integrating pendulum accelerometer, John R Mcneil, Navy, App: 1965-03-29, Pub:1968-11-05, -
3906719 Rocket having movable secondary nozzle, Clair M Beighley, Orin J Demuth, Richard W Froelich, Aerojet Rocketdyne, App: 1968-08-19, Pub: 1975-09-23, -
4405985 Guidance computer, Eldon C. Hall, Harold H. Seward, Joseph D. Sabo, Vincent R. De Marco, Millard B. Prisant, Navy, App: 1965-10-22 (Secret), Pub: 1983-09-20
4470562 Polaris guidance system, Eldon C. Hall, Joseph D. Sabo, Samuel A. Forter, Ralph R. Ragan, J. H. Laning, David G. Hoag, Wallace E. Vander Velde, Daniel J. Lickly, Edward M. Copps, Jr., Navy, App: 1965-10-22 (Secret), Pub: 1984-09-11, -
2780059 Jet direction control device (AKA: Jetevator), Willy A Fiedler (Early Flight Era: Life & Work of WAF), 1957-02-05, - Thrust Vectoring (Wiki: Thrust Vectoring, Loon Missile)
SA2
The SA2 (Wiki) was of historical importance because it's one of the key systems Radar Warning Receivers were designed to counter.
While searching for a patent stumbled across this missile designed for altitudes over 70,000 feet. It may be an Air-ti-Air missile patent 4867393 listed under unknown Air-to-Air missile.
Stinger (Wiki)
see the 40mm web page FIM-92 Stinger and the Ultraviolet web page: Negative UV.
RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missile (Wiki)
3323757 Missile autopilot, Donald E Cole, General Dynamics, 1967-06-06, - cited in Ref. 48.
These have classically been called Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (Wiki: ICBM). Because China has a satellite system with the same capability is the US NOSS, there's speculation that an ICBM might be used with a conventional warhead to attack a US aircraft carrier in the middle of the ocean. The missile would approach the carrier from almost the zenith and so would be impossible to defend against because the time between detection and impact would be a matter of seconds. But this may have a overlooked the idea that a hyper-velocity missile probably can not have terminal guidance because it's surrounded by a layer of plasma that blocks electromagnetic radiation over a very wide range of wavelengths. If the missile is slowed down in order to not form a plasma then the lower speed means there's more time between detection and impact, so maybe time to shoot it down.
In the current, 2023, Ukraine-Russia war there are a lot of GGM being used. Some are old school Multiple Launch Rocket Systems (Wiki). These are dumb and are considered area weapons, i.e. they can not be aimed at a specific target. the HiMARS with some rockets does provide a GPS guided precision weapon and these have been very effective. There are a number of single use UAVs that also seem to be area weapons, rather than precision guided.
While the Navy worked on Proximity fuzes for rifled barrel use, the Army worked on versions for smooth bores, i.e. rockets, mortars and bombs.
From Wiki. also Harry Diamond Labs (Wiki)
Harry Diamond (left), Chief of the Orgnance Development Division at NBS, shown holding the 81mm mortar shell with the mortar fuze, and Dr. Alexander Ellett, Chief of Division 4 of NRDC, shown holding the mortar fuze unmounted. Displayed left to right on the table: a ring-type bomb fize on a 260-pound fragmentation bomb, a rocket with the latest developed rocket fuze, a bar-type bomb mounted on a 260-pound fragmentation bomb, and a ring-type fuze on the 500-pound general purpose bomb.
Table
Note Pub Date in Red Bold means probably TOP SECRET.
No.
Re
Title
App Date
Pub Date
Inventor
Assigned
2468120
Gen
Air turbine generator for fuses
1947-12-17
1949-04-26
Jurg A Senn
Sec of War
2856852
PF
Proximity fuze (4.5"x33" anti-aircraft rocket)
1944-05-30
1958-10-21
Jr Wilbur S Hinman, Diamond Harry
2990776
Gen
Wind driven generator
1949-11-17
1961-07-04
Allen S Clarke
Army 3401635
Gen Fast starting turbine for a projectile fuse
1951-06-22
1968-09-17
Rabinow Jacob
Army 3677184
PF
Proximity fuzes (supersonic shock wave)
1955-08-16
1972-07-18
Jacob Rabinow, Israel Rotkin, Allen V Astin
Army 3872791
PF
Increased sensitivity for fuze oscillators (Volt doubler)
1955-09-21
1975-03-25 Paul Wilson Redcay
3872792
FM PF
Fuze (FM CW Doppler=range)
1956-01-11
1975-03-25 Harold Goldberg, Milton Sanders
3877377
PF for?
Proximity Fuze
1955-01-17
1975-04-15
Jacob Rabinow (NBS Pat List)
Army 3889599
electrostatic
Fuze
1951-02-07
1975-06-17
Maurice Apstein
Army 3895580
PF Band pass integrator for proximity fuses
1957-10-17 1975-07-22
Paul M Tedder
Army 4059052
FM PF Fuze modulation system (FM CW Doppler=range) 1957-02-21
1977-11-22
Philip R. Karr
Army 4108075
PF
Means for suppressing oscillator-generated noise in Doppler proximity fuzes
(uses 45 deg phase shifter between osc and ant)
1959-04-09
1978-08-22
Wilbur S. Hinman, Jr., Helmut Sommer, Louis M. Tozzi
Army 4205316
Enhanced accuracy Doppler fuze
1967-03-16
1980-05-27Salvador J. Peperone Army 4207841
Bomb PF
Dipole antenna for proximity fuze
1945-05-19
1980-06-17
Thomas M. Bloomer
Army 4360812
FM PF
FM-CW Fuze (FM CW Doppler=range) 1967-03-16
1982-11-23
Salvador J. Peperone
Army 5271327
Elecro-mechanical base element fuze
for M829 smooth bore tank round (Wiki)
1993-12-21 Gregory F. Filo, Dennis L. Kurschner, Paul L. Weber Northrop Grumman 5275107 SA
Gun launched non-spinning safety and arming mechanism
for M829 smooth bore tank round (Wiki)
1994-01-04
Northrop Grumman
Note that Laser-guided bombs (Wiki) require a laser designator (Wiki) to illuminate the target from before the bomb is released until it explodes. These are not fire and forget weapons like the Walleye. The Paveway (Wiki) is an add on kit for iron bombs that adds laser guidance. Note the BGM-71 TOW anti-tank missile (Wiki) needs to be guided all the way to the target. It was replaced by the FGM-148 Javlin (Wiki) which is a fire and forget type weapon. Fire and forget weapons avoid exposing the designator operator to enemy fire, a good thing.
3548212 Multibeam laser tracking system, Lloyd A Whetter, Army, 1970-12-15, - causes a tank gun to track a target
3876308 Automatic command guidance system using optical trackers, Frederick C Alpers, Navy, 1975-04-08, - designator needs to see both bomb and target.
4028991 Weapon system, Milton Kuby, Fairchild, 1977-06-14, - A-10, requires laser designator (2) on the ground to illuminate the target
4153224 Laser command guidance system, Robert W. Rampolla, Brewton O. Van Hook, Westinghouse, 1979-05-08, - air-to-air or ground-to-air laser guidance
4349838 Laser target designator system, Jean P. Daniel, Thales, 1982-09-14, - aligns a TV viewing system with laser designator
4678142 Precision guided antiaircraft munition, Tomas B. Hirschfeld, US Air Force, 1987-07-07, - for 20 to 50mm dia shell, "...uses a pulsing target laser designator for illuminating the intended aircraft target. "
4738044 Light beam target designator, Ralph F. Osterhout, S-TRON, 1988-04-19, - rifle mounted, IR and Visible, NOT for bombs, just for sighting
5259568 Command optics, Max Amon, Andre E. Masson, Rheinmetall Air Defence, 1993-11-09, - for beam rider missile
5661257 Multispectral covert target marker, Daniel B. Nielson, Brad A. Fairbourn, Northrop Grumman, 1997-08-26, - "A hand held, rocket-propelled parachute signal is disclosed which includes near infrared emitting photodiodes and oscillator electronics assembly encased in a hardened polymeric molding compound launched from a hand-fired expendable-type launcher. " NOT for laser guided munitions but for general marking
6060703 Coaxial unfocused optical sensor for dual mode seekers, Clarence C. Andressen, Northrop Grumman,
6650277 Target designation system, James Albert Wilkinson, Navy, 2003-11-18, - radio receiver on ground based target designator controls output from aircraft.
10539403 Laser guided bomb with proximity sensor, Barry A. Maxwell, Kaman Precision Products, 2018-12-13, - Looks like Paveway
20210302142 Laser guided bomb with proximity sensor, Barry A. Maxwell, Kaman Precision Products, 2021-09-30, - cites 48 prior art patents,
TM 9-4931-501-14 Operator's, Organizational, Direct Support, and General Support Maintenance Manual, Including Repair Parts:
Test Set, Guided Missile System
Calibration Kit (4931-01-003-2703) APN 7915881, Hughes Aircraft Co, p/n: 1089933, June 1984 (TM-9-4931-501-14.pdf)
The TOW (Wiki: Tube-launched, Optically Tracked, Wire-guided) is optically guided using a system developed by TI. Note that the TOW requires the operator to guide it all the way to the target. It is NOT fire and forget. The FGM-148 Javelin (Wiki, Ref ) is fire and forget and so has replaced the TOW. Also the warhead in the original TOW can be defeated by reactive armor (Wiki), which the Javelin also solves with a two stage warhead. See TWO video Ref 59, Ref 60 & Ref 61, Ref 62 for what's inside the missile.
Note that the two rocket exhausts are around the center of the length, not at the rear. The rear has the flashing IR beacon light and the wire outlet.
Also see the Laser Guided Missile - Patents section which includes TOW.
3319781 Control wire dispenser for a guided missile, Simpson James Charles, Wells Henry George, British Aircraft Corp, 1967-05-16, - the bulk of the wire is carried by the missile "so that the trailing leads are substantially stationary in the air".
3868883 Guidance system, James M Tucker, McDonnell Douglas, App: 1964-02-20, Pub: 1975-03-04, - TOW?
4111383 Laser beam transmitter system for laser beam rider guidance systems, John B. Allen, Cecil R. Coale, Jr., TI, 1978-09-05, - TOW?
4406429 Missile detecting and tracking unit, John B. Allen, TI, App: 1978-04-13, Pub: 1983-09-27, - TOW?
4431917 Compact, high cold shield efficiency optical system, Robert C. Gibbons, TI, 1984-02-14, - FLIR (Wiki)
4666103 Carrier tracking system, John B. Allen, TI (Raytheon), 1987-05-19, -
RE33287 Carrier tracking system, John B. Allen, TI (Raytheon), 1990-08-07, -
6041688 Wireless guided missile launch container, "improved missile launch tube design" with phased array antenna
YouTube: BGM-71 TOW Anti-tank missile | Wire Guided Wonder Ref 55 - @4:41 you can see the tracking light on the rear end (it's not a rocket flame)
YouTube: Can the TOW Missile Launcher Make a Difference?, Ref 56 - forward side exhausting rocket nozzles to keep from burning up the wire. There are operational limits to the use of wire guidance, like over water and in jungles.
YouTube Short: The US Mutant Missile Designed to Annihilate Any Aerial Threat -
The WarZone: USAF Testing ‘Mutant’ Missiles That Twist In Mid-Air To Hit Their Targets, 2023Mar9 - AFRL: MUTANT,
YouTube: Mutant Missile - America Most Greatest and Innovative Missile Idea!, 5:08 -
6364248 Articulated nose missile control actuation system, Wayne V. Spate, Robert J. Adams, Donald P. Williams, Raytheon, 2002-04-02, - The Starlink customer antenna has a similar actuation system where two motors can set Az-El.
6467722 Magnetostrictive missile guidance system, Roger P. Berry, Daniel F. Lawless, Stephen C. Cayson, Lamar M. Auman, Army, 2002-10-22, - deflecting nose cone used to steer missile
Historically, missile flight direction control has been achieved by using:
Thrust Vector Control (Wiki) - even though TVC systems provide high controllability with minimal drag force, they are only effective during the boost portion of the flight.
Jet Reaction Control (Wiki) - can provide control during the entire flight and also have very low drag, but are limited by the amount of propellant that can be packaged in the missile
Canard Control (Wiki) or Tail Fin Control (Wiki)- enable excellent controllability provided that the missile velocity is sufficient and can result in excessive drag
Currently, there no known missiles that utilize deflection of the missile nosecone for controlling their flight paths. (B.C.: but Smart artillery shells are doing this).
May 2022 the M982 Excalibur (Wiki) showed up in the Russia v. Ukraine war with CEP around 2 to 4 meters. This is not a China Lake development, but this is the best place to put it.
The M712 Copperhead (Wiki) was an earlier 155mm smart munition from the 1970s. Martin Marietta and TI were early contractors so there might be patents.
3374967 Course-changing gun-launched missile, Harold J Plumley, Navy, App: 1949-12-06, Pub: 1968-03-26 - "...changing the course of a rotating, fin-stabilized missile during the flight thereof by firing a reaction steering charge contained in the missile through one side thereof and in a direction at right angles to the line of flight, the Steering charge being arranged to direct its force through the center of gravity of the missile."
3514608 Laser errored azimuth-elevation servo lockon tracking system, Lloyd A Whetter, Army, 1970-05-26, 250/203.2; 89/41.06; 356/4.01 - includes both laser and tracker.
3695555 Gun-launched glide vehicle with a mid-course and terminal guidance control system, William R Chadwick, Navy, App: 1970-06-12, Pub: 1972-10-03, - fired from 8" gun, sounds too complex to work
3696248 Laser tracking method and apparatus, Robert A Cunningham, John T Winkler, Martin Marietta, 1972-10-03, 250/203.2; 372/24; 356/139.08; 356/139.03 - Laser target designator
4123019 Method and system for gravity compensation of guided missiles or projectiles, David S. Amberntson, Martin Marietta, App: 1976-11-10, Pub: 1978-10-31, -
4198015 Ideal trajectory shaping for anti-armor missiles via time optimal controller autopilot, Robert E. Yates, John P. Leonard, Robert E. Alongi, Army, App: 1978-05-30, Pub: 1980-04-15, - Javelin?
4383662 Ideal trajectory shaping for anti-armor missiles via gimbal angle controller autopilot, Robert E. Alongi, Robert E. Yates, John P. Leonard, Army, App: 1978-03-13, Pub: 1983-05-17, - Javelin?
4431147 Steerable artillery projectile, Isadore R. Paley, Bendix Corp, App: 1981-12-24, Pub: 1984-02-14, 244/3.3 - nose moves relative to tail section
4533094 Mortar system with improved round, Norman P. Geis, Edward A. Chambers, Raytheon, App: 1982-10-18, Pub: 1985-08-06, - fired from the M30 107mm (4.2") mortar (Wiki) Wiki does not mention a smart round for the M30.
4561357 Steering mechanism for an explosively fired projectile, Inge Maudal, Byron M. Niemeier, Larry D. Wedertz, Hughes Missile Systems, App: 1982-09-15. Pub: 1985-12-31, 102/439; 244/3.11; 244/3.26; 244/3.3 - a rod trails projectile fired from tank, radio guidance signal,
4598884 Infrared target sensor and system, Spencer J. Speer, GD, App: 1984-11-28, Pub: 1986-07-08, - A gimbal-less infrared (IR) target sensor IR homing missile
5261629 Fin stabilized projectile, Wilfried Becker, Gerhard Glotz, Josef Osthues, Hans-Peter Opitz, Heinz-Josef Kruse, Jutta Peters, Helmut Peller, Rheinmetall, App: 1989-04-08, Pub: 1993-11-16, - tank fired anti-helicopter -
5775636 Guided artillery projectile and method, John R. Vig, Steven W. Waugh, Army, App: 1996-09-30, Pub: 1998-07-07, - can be an applique to an existing 155 round - M982 Excalibur (Wiki)?
5932833 Fly over homing guidance for fire and forget missile systems, Ricky K. Hammon, Monte K. Helton, Army, App: 1997-03-03, Pub: 1999-08-03, - NLAW (Wiki)?
5943009 GPS guided munition, Anthony Steven Abbott, Northrop Grumman Systems, App: 1997-02-27, Pub: 1999-08-24, - "...an aftermarket tail fin kit is provided so as to facilitate the simple and inexpensive conversion of existing unguided munitions (bombs) into GPS guided munitions. An autonomously operated bomb control unit eliminates the need for expensive modifications to the aircraft."
6981672 Fixed canard 2-D guidance of artillery projectiles, John A. Clancy, Thomas D. Bybee, William A. Friedrich, Alliant Techsystems, App: 2003-09-17, Pub: 2006-01-03, -
8237096 Mortar round glide kit, Steven B. Alexander, Richard Redhead, L3 Technologies, App: 2010-08-19, Pub: 2012-08-07, - modified mortar round carried on the RQ-7 Shadow UAV (Wiki) - the General Dynamics 81 mm (Wiki) 4.5 kg (10-pound)[42][43][44] air-dropped guided mortar - In Ukraine they are dropping PRG rounds (with added tail fins) from commercial/home built quad copters.
9945649 System and method for guiding a cannon shell in flight, Assaf Malul, Ziv Moshkovitz, BAE Systems Rokar, App: 2011-08-24, Pub: 2018-04-17, - "Silver Bullet"
Feb 2014: Successful Trial for the Silver Bullet Fuze - Google Images: "Silver Bullet Fuze"
Artillery Compendium-Armada April-May 2015: The EPIAFS (Enhanced Portable Inductive Artillery Fuze Setter) is the same as the one used for the Raytheon Excaliber and coes with the platform integration kit that allows to plug it into a fire control system or into a DAGR GPS receiver."
10928169 Seal for a projectile guiding kit, seals the joint between the front and rear bodies to keep contamination from getting into the crack at the rotary joint. Cleaver set back operation.
These started out as specialized wrenches applied to the a ring on the fuze (Wiki) to set it's function. The M14 (Bulletpicker) is an example. This probably was first used for an artillery fuze (Wiki).
TM 9-500 (RadioNerds) Data Sheets for Ordnance Type Materiel, Army, Sep 1962, 843 pgs - no fuze setters, but lots of interesting stuff.
XM63Fuze Setter
This fuze setter came with one adapter, but the case has spaces for four adapters. It also has a battery compartment that holds a couple of "D" cell batteries.
When the button is pressed two grain of wheat lamps light behind a red lens.
The yellow ID tag is marked NSN: 1290-00-966-9318.
Not sure of the function of the red light. Let me know. Also let me know what other adapters are available for the XM63.
also see 40mm \ M777
Fig 1
Fig 2 the adapter works similar to a LEMO connector,
push on - pull off.
Fig 1 Showing the test button. red light, and battery cap.
Fuze
Gun
Seconds
Type
TM
M562
4.2" Mortar
0-100
clockwork
43-0001-28
M563
105mm
0-100
clockwork 43-0001-28 M564
105, 155mm & 8"
2-100
clockwork 43-0001-28 M565
105mm through 8"
0-100
clockwork 43-0001-28 1739921 Operating electric projectile fuses, chuler Hermann, Gietmann Anton, Rheinische Metallwaaren and Maschinenfabrik, 1929-12-17, - cited by 29 patents
2404553 Electric fuse and setting apparatus, Jr Nathaniel B Wales, App: 1941-08-06, W.W.II, Pub: 1946-07-23, - vacuum tube, 10 - 40 second range, cited by 45 patents -
2465351 Projectile timing, Henri G Busignies, Rosa Louis A De, Federal Telephone and Radio, App: 1943-03-26, W.W.II, Pub: 1949-03-29, - inductive coil at muzzle
3143964 Arming and firing mechanism, Jr Charles Young, 1964-08-11, -
3714898 Fuze actuating system, R Ziemba, GE, 1973-02-06, -
3967557 Adjustable electrical time delay fuze, Charles G. Irish, Jr., Army, 1976-07-06, -
4022102 Method and apparatus for adjusting a fuze after firing a projectile from a weapon, Godwin Ettel, Rheinmetall Air Defence, 1977-05-10, - projectile goes through coil that inductively programmed it
4495851 Apparatus for setting and/or monitoring the operation of a shell fuse or detonator, Hans-Gerhard KoernerHelmut LangRainer BertholdRainer StrietzelFriedrich Melchior, Brown Boveri, 1985-01-29, - microwave data link
Patents that have the phrase "deep submergence vehicle" most of which are assigned to the Navy.
40mm Grenades -China Lake Pump 40mm Grenade launcher - Rocket Patents -
Aircraft
C-3 US Navy Infrared IR Signaling Telescope
Harold "Doc" Edgerton & GR Strobotac, Sonar & Krytron
IR_Beacon IR Beacons
M32 Tank IR Gun Sight
M18 M18 IR Binocular
M227 M-227 Signal Lamp Equipment SE-11 - Gun shaped flashlight, trigger, relay, IR Filter option
Optics
PAS6 PAS-6 Metascope IR Viewer & IR Source
Radar Warning Receivers
Radiosonde & PILBAL theodolite
Torpedoes
UAS4 UAS-4 Infrared Surveillance System, AN/AAS-14 Infrared Detecting Set, MK-898/AAS-14A IR Optical Filter Kit
Ref 1. The Deadly Fuze: Secret Weapon of World War II, Ralph B. Baldwin, 1980, ISBN: 0-98141-087-2
Ref 2. Scientists Against Time, Baxter, 1968, , ISBN: 9780262520126
Ref 3. Pieces of the Action: The personal record of sixty event-filled years by the distinguished scientists who took an active and decissive part in sharing them, Vannevar Bush, 1970, ISBN: 9780304937837
Ref 4. U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command Commodity Engineering Test Procedures, Fuze Jammer Countermeasures Equipment, 19 Nov. 1968, AD718605
Ref 5. Proximity Fuzes Theory and Techniques, VK Arora, Ministry of Defence, India, 2010, ISBN: 978-81-86514-29-0
Ref 6. Radio Proximity Fuzes: The Radio Proximity Fuze - A survey, Edward A. Sharpe, SMEC, 2003 -
Ref 7. NDRC: Summary, photoelectric fuzes and miscellaneous projects -
Ref 8. Ordnance School Text: Rockets and Launchers All Types, 1944 - Also see Bazooka
1. GeneralRef 9. OP 1480 VT Fuzes for Projectiles and Spin-Stabalized Rockets, 15 May 1946 - 5" rockets do not have the set-back acceleration that breaks the glass ampule in guns, so uses a Spin Breaker Mk 1 Mod 0. "Wave-Suppression Feature" is circuitry that suppresses the effect of ocean waves on the Doppler processing by filtering low frequencies out of the receiver. "Tracers cannot be used with VT fuzes. When tracers are used, the fuzes are caused either to "premature" on arming or to remain electrically inoperative until the tracer burns out. This is caused by the ionized trail from the tracer flame. The same effect is present in rockets; hence the long arming time for rocket VT fuzes." No mention of operating RF frequency.
2. 2.36" Rockets, Bazooka M6A1, M7A1, M6A3, M7A3, T12 & T23 (6 forward folding fins), T26, T27, T31
3. 3.25" Rockets, Target M2, M2A1, TM 4-236, TM9-390
4. 4.5" Rockets, M8, M9 (forward folding fins), M4 fuze, T29 - Launchers: T27 (8 tube), T34 (60 tube), T36 (8 tube)
5. 7.2" Rockets, T14, T15, T16, T17, T21, Mk 147 Fuze, T24, T37, Mk 146 Fuze - Launchers T40
6. 8" Rockets, 100# bomb + M8 4.5" rocket
7. 10" Rockets, T10, T10E1, T10E2,
Ref 10. YouTube:The Proximity Fuse - Secret Weapon of World War 2 - The VT Fuze 8:23 - Office of Scientific Research & Development, Naval Bureau of Ordnance, Army Ordnance Department - many videos of VT fuzes in action is different modes.
Ref 10.History of Communications-Electronics in the United States Navy, by Howeth,1963 (free) - X=Ch XLI: The Proximity Fuze, pg 495 - To the Sea , . . a Sidewinder 50 years of snakes on the wing. AIM-9 Sidewinder missile history, 1:07:08 -
Ref 11. Radio Proximity Fuzes for Fin-stabalized missiles, NDRC Div 4, Vol 1, 1946 (Wiki: Proximity fuze), 496 pgs, Declassified Sep 1960,
The original divisions of the NDRC: A: Armor and Ordnance, B: Bombs, Fuels, Gases, & Chemical Problems, C: Communications and Transportation, D: Detection, Controls and Instruments, E: Patents and Inventions.Ref 12. YouTube:
The later divisions:
TOC
Div
Name
1
Ballistic Research
2
Effects of Impact & Explosion
3
Rocket Ordnance
4
Ordnance Accessories
5
New Missiles
6
Sub-surface Warfare
7
Fire Control
8
Explosives
9
Chemistry
10
Absorbents & Aerosols
11
Chemical Eng
12
Transportation
13
Electrical Coms
14
Radar
15
Radio Communication
16
Radio Coordination
17
Physics
18
War Metallurgy
19
Miscellaneous
Applied Math
Applied Phychology
Comm on Propagation
Tropical Deterioration
Introduction
The Radiation Interaction System
Electronic Control Systems
Mechanical Design
Catalogue of Fuze Types
Production
Laboratory Testing of Fuzes
Field Testing of Proximity Fuzes
Analysis of Performance
Started November 1947 with memo by W. B. McLean
@2:27 FS 567 for a Heat Homing Rocket, 1950 Local fuze project 602,
@12:22 China Lake would develop a "heat homing rocket" i.e. not a "missile".Ref 13.
@12:54 Using a centerline bomb trapeze to release a rocket
The Pursuit of Precision. AGM-62 Walleye The TV-Guided Glide Bomb, 1:48:02 - Wiki: AGM-62 Walleye -
@10:30 Pigeon, dog, bat & @10: 45 Kamikaze guidanceRef 14.
@10:55 Project Coso Jr. China Lake testing anti-kamikaze Weapon Tests, 1945
@22:00 Crawford: RCA History of Television in W.W.II - Mistakes in W.W.II TV guided bombs. A hard mounted TV needs a wide field of view so you can't see very well. So, Gyro stabilize camera and use much narrower field of view.
@22:57 we learned how to build TV stuff that could go into a missile
@23:04 we did develop a small, compact, solid state, camera system
@24:04 many aspects of Sidewinder development also drew on in house funding "if it wasn't for sidewinder WallEye would never have been funded."
@38:57 the hot gas power source used on Sidewinder did not last long enough for WallEye, so a Ram Air Turbine generator (Wiki: RAT)
@1:09:44 Mel McCubbin linear shaped charge
@1:24:47 Project 1-63: June 1963 demonstration for JFK
The origins of ARM. Defence suppression and the AGM-45 Shrike antiradar missile, 1:15:54 Anti-Radiation Missile (Wiki: ARM)
@3:57 Cdr "Bud" Biery, USN (ret) Iron Hand pilot 1968-69Ref 15. The Grand Experiment at Inyokern: Narrative of the Naval Ordnance Test Station During the Second World War and the Immediate Postwar Years (History of the Naval Weapons Center, China Lake, California, Volume 2), 1978, L.C. Card: 78-600077, 432 pgs hard cover
@5:15 APR-25, APR-27 warnings
@6:50 "Dip Angles" & "Line Up Your Needles"
What instrument is this?
Let me know.
@12:38 Countermeasure for Measure: Chaff, Moth missile which was intended for German Radars in W.W.II, but abanded
@14:05 Frederick Alpers, NBS - in the Korean war radar directed guns were very effective, Bat II (Wiki ASM-N-2 Bat)
@19:59 Cobra BuOrd No. 13-59
@23:33 "A Bird in the Hand" 1961 Cobra renamed "Shrike" a small bird that pecked the eyes out of it's enemy. Corvus guidance system had all kinds of problems, new control system based on the hot gas system from Sidewinder, used 8" dia Sparrow motor (Wiki), Paul E Cordle primary engineer on fuze - warhead combination 23,000 steel cubes,
@26:08 cavity backed spiral antenna (you can see 4 quadrents) by Robert Corzine,
@27:20 Richard Smith Hughes (patents): Stripline or microstrip Joseph Mosko "we woud use a single broadband spiral antenna, 5:1 bandwidth or greater,
@30:09 Paul E. Cordle (warhead) guess steel cubes are 1/2" on a side,
@32:38 Ray A. Miller, Propulsion design engineer, First gen Shrikes had Aluminum powder in rocket which made visible smoke, the next generation was reduced smoke,
@37:26 Bob Corzine - scale model on boom from pickup truck at 55 MPH. SCR-584 radar and hot air balloon.
@42:48 Project 1-63: June 1963 demonstration for JFK
@45:49 Entered service in 1965, -1 & -2: FireCan Radar (Wiki: SON-9) and Fan Song (Wiki) family, in 1966 -3: real work horse with 16,000 produced. Bar Lock, introduced angle gating (see: 3902685) which ignores other emitters that are more than 4 degrees away from the target.
@47:40 Craig Rae -9 and -10 were broadband versions. -4, -5, -6 and -7 to supress: Headlights, Low Blow, Flat Face, and new generations of Fan Song. Shrike On Board (SOB) ship launched to attack radar guided shore batteries.
@53:50 "Harmonic Progression" 1968 - 1969 Frank Knemeyer Shrike 73 was HARM (Wiki)
@1:04:00 "Dead Reckoning" From SEAD to DEAD. follow-on to HARM is AARGM
Ref 16. Magnificent mavericks: transition of the Naval Ordnance Test Station from rocket station to research, development, test and evaluation center, 1948-58, by Elizabeth Babcock
Ref 17.Twelve Seconds of Silence (RWR Ref 3)with extensive comments.
Ref 18. Pushing the horizon: Seventy-Five Years of High Stakes Science and Technology at the Naval Research Laboratory, Ivan Amato, 1998 - the personal copy gifted to Dr. Fred Saalfeld.
Ref 19. YouTube:Proximity Fuze – The 3rd Most Crucial Development of WW2 (15:28)
Ref 20. AirVectors:The Wizard War: WW2 & The Origins Of Radar: 5.5 Proximity Fuze - Flak (1944), 17:06
Ref 21. Ground to Air AA Guns - YouTube:
Ref 22. US Naval Weapons: Every gun, missile, mine and torpedo used by the US Navy from 1883 to the present day, Norman Friedman, 1982, ISBN: 0-87021-735-6
Ref 23. Guidance and Homing of Missiles and Pilotless aircraft (DTIC:ADB807471.pdf), H.L. Dryden NBS, G.A. Morton RCA & I.A. Getting MIT, WPAFB May 1946,
Part 1: Selected Guided Missiles now Developed or Under Development, Hugh L. Dryden, Nov 1945Ref 24. Insisting on the Impossible : The Life of Edwin Land by Victor K. McElheny - includes some info on the Dove IR homing bomb
Air to Ground MissilesPart 2: Heat and Television Guided Missiles, G.A. Morton
PC-1400-FX (German) - radio controlled guide bombGround to Ground Missiles
Hs-293 (German) - radio controlled guide bomb
GB Series (AAF) - numerous types, the GB-6A uses the "Offner heat seeker"
2517702 Locating device, Offner Franklin, App: 1944-11-03, Pub: 1950-08-08, - IR seeker - similarities to the MD-1 Star Tracker
VB Series (AAF) - azimuth only remote control (Axon). VB-5 uses "Bemis heat-seeker"
2826703 Optical system for heat-homing bomb, Alan C Bemis, Willard E Buck, Jr Ernest B Dane, Sec of War, App: 1947-02-17, Pub: 1958-03-11, - heat homing bomb, a lot of similarity with Sidewinder.
2705274 Bolometer and method of making, Willard E Buck, Sec of War, App: 1946-11-21, Pub: 1955-03-29, - for use in Heat-homing bomb, uses Nickel strips for the Bolometer.
Glomb (Navy, Wiki, Ref 22- pg:200) - remote control with TV
Gargoyle (Navy, Wiki, Ref 22-pg: 201)
Pelican (Navy, Wiki) - RADAR homing glide bombs
Bat Series (Navy, Wiki)
Dove (Navy, Ref 22:pg 202, Mark Dionne: First Heat-seeking Missile) - IR homing bomb, transferred to Kodak in July 1946 (Ektron P-2?)
V-1 (German, Wiki))Air to Air Missiles
V-2 (German, Wiki)
A-9, A-4 (German) - a V-2 with wings
JB Series (AAF) - US copy of the V-1
BQ & Willie (AAF) - remote controlled bombers
Ord-CIT (Army) - Private, WAC Private & Corporal missiles
Hermes (Army) -
TDR (Navy) - pilot-less aircraft - drones
Hs-298 (German) - radio controller liquid fuel rocket, mechanical wire guidanceGround to Air Missiles
X-4 (German)
Gorgon (Navy, Wiki) - remote controlled rocket
Lark (Navy, Wiki) - could not attack jet powered bombers, program did not continue.
Enzian (German, Wiki) - cancelled before becoming operational
Rheintochter (German, Wiki) - radio control, cancelled on February 6, 1945
Wasserfall (German, Wiki) - anti-aircraft version of the V-2 - manual radio control
Feuerlilie (German, Wiki) - shelved because of problems with the controller and the drive section at the end of January 1945
Boeing Study (AAF)
Nike (Army, Wiki) - many variants and sites
Bumblebee (Navy, Wiki) - Talos, Terrier/Tartar, Typhon, Triton, Standard Missile
Heat and Light Homing MissilesPart 3: RADAR Aids for the Guidance of Missiles, I.A. Getting, Nov 1945
Sensors: bolometer (temperature -> resistance), thermopile (temperature->voltage) & Golay sensitive element (temperature ->brightness).
The Lead (sulphide/selenide/teluride) photoelectric cell is 1,000 to 10,000 times more sensitive than any of the prior sensors, but can not see in the 1.8 to 13.5 micro atmospheric window, it's limited to at most 4 micron "short IR". This means the target needs to be over 50 deg C.
2424976 System for detecting sources of radiant energy, Marcel J E Golay, Harold A Zahl, Sec of War, App: 1939-06-12, W.W. II, Pub: 1947-08-05, - visible, ultraviolet, and infrared spectra, "...the visual indication of minute distortions produced in a suitably flexible thin film by gas pressures acting on one surface of the film where these pressures are related to and caused by radiant energy falling on the device."
2557096 Radiation detecting device, Marcel J E Golay, 1951-06-19, - has the look and feel of a reflection type image converter tube.
2502319 Method and apparatus for measuring radiation, Marcel J E Golay, 1950-03-28, - spectroscope
Project Felix (NDRC-rc-180, NDRC-rc-183)
GB6 -Eppley thermopile
Application of TV to Guided Missiles
RADAR Aid to Guided Missiles W.W.IIPart 4: RADAR Homing Missiles, Hugh L. Dryden
Advantage of RADAR Guided Missiles
Disadvantages of RADAR Guided Missiles
The Problem - the problem arising from poor data - causing errors in the control loop
This is about using a RADAR to illuminate a target and homing on that target. But clutter is a big problem.
Ref 25. The War Zone: Her Majesty's Death Ray: How The AIM-9L Sidewinder Vanquished The Argentine Air Force, Oct 2020 - has some sidewinder history.
Ref 26.YouTube: The Subminiature Vacuum Tube, 1986, 16:37 Proximity Fuze - over 100 Million subminiature tubes made during W.W.II (PS Raytheon made the CK722 (Wiki). The one I bought was blue). WWII - Top Secret \"Smart Bomb\" Technology Developed During the War (1947 film) by Signal Corps (Misc. 1231)
Ref 27. YouTube:
@0:04 Rebecca - Eureka (Wiki) -Ref 28. Azon Bombs checked for military operations in China-Burma-India Theater during Wo...HD Stock Footage, 4:15 - CriticalPast uses a very dark watermark that makes their videos almost useless. The round can is the flare with a 10 second delay fuze. @1:55 Electrical test with Ohm Meter. @2:13 The rectangular can contains the two electric motor gyroscopes which are @2:56 tested on a 90 degree rotation table.
@2:07 VT Proximity Fuze
@3:20 Sound Ranging Equipment See: RT-1185/GRA-114 Sound Observer Receiver Transmitter -
@3:33 Mortar Locator precursor to TPQ-37 & TPQ-37
@3:43 Radio Controlled Mines AN/TRT-1 - rotary telephone dial to select mine
@4:09 Azon Bomb
@5:00 Television Bomb - Radio Guided Missile
@5:35 Future TV controlled Atomic Rocket showing a V-1 launch, Elevation & Azimuth controls with no way to know Lon & Lat.
Ref 29. Azon, 2:11 - VB-1= 24V battery, Gyro Stabilizer to keep from spinning (could have use the Rolleron), Radio Receiver, 600,000 CP flare, if a 2,000# bomb is used it's called a VB-2.
Ref 30. Demonstration on assembling and directing Azon Bombs by the 7th Bombardment Group...HD Stock Footage, 1:59 - Apr 1945, Filling web battery, @0:23 Testing Gyros, proportional control
Ref 31. RAZON, 9:42 - Div 5 of NDRC, VB-3 (Wiki) with 1,000# bomb. Cylindrical housing, unlike rectangular housing on VB-1 and VB-2 AZON. Major components are: Receiver (new shape to fit cylinder, 24 VDC battery and dual gyro. It's not clear what causes the gyros to spin. The gyros control fins separate from the up/down elevators - left/right rudders fins. Flare on tail cover. Nose arming and tail arming are also present. Video explains modification to Nordeen bomb sight and how it works. @5:42 Example drop where two bombs are releases at same time one normal and one RAZON.
Ref 32. NBS RP1723, Vol 37, July 1946, 18 pgs: Radio Proximity Fuze Design, Wilbur S. Hinman Jr & Cledo Brunetti, 1946, 18pgs - (jresv37n1p1_A1b.pdf, jresv37n1p1_A1b.pdf) - "Navy assumed responsibility for the development and procurement of proximity fuzes for rotating projectiles, such as antiaircraft and artillery shells, while the Army directed the development of fuzes for nonrotating projectiles, such as bombs, rockets, and mortars. This paper deals with the Army phase of proximity fuze development."
Ref 33. NBS: Radio Proximity Fuzes, John W. Lyons for Army Research Lab, - cutaway view of T50 bomb fuze
Ref 34. Radio proximity fuzes for fin-stabilized missiles, Ellett, Alexander, Bush, Vannevar, Conant, James Bryant, OSRD/NDRC, 1946, 496pgs, (Declassified Sep 1 1960)
1. Introduction 1Ref 35. Fuze Sensivity to EM, 41pgs, - in relation to pre-1960 UXO (Wiki)
2. The Radiation Interaction System 17
3. Electronic Control Systems 81
4. Mechanical Design 167
5. Catalogue of Fuze Types 209
6. Production 245
7. Laboratory Testing of Fuzes 278
8. Field Testing of Proximity Fuzes 312
9. Analysis of Performance 360
Glossary 433
Bibliography 437
OSRD appointees 463
Contract Numbers 464
Service Project Numbers 467
Index 469
Ref 36. Summary Technical Report of the National Defense Research Committee, Summary, Photoelectric Fuzes and Miscellaneous Projects, 1946
1. Summary of Work of Division 4 1Ref 37. The Proximity Fuze, Louis Brown, Carnegie Institution of Washington, April 24, 1993, IEEE -Tubes: triode Osc: Sub miniature 739, Pentode Amp:two each: QF5C, Thyratron: Sub miniature 7368?
2. Proximity and Time Fuzes 12
3. Photoelectric Fuze Development; Intro and Summary 20
4. Basic Principles and Design of PE Fuzes by Alex Orden & R.F. Morrison 24
5. Description of Photoelectric Fuze Types by Charles Ravitskey, T.M. Marion, W.E. Armstrong & J.G. Reid Jr 36
6. Laboratory Methods for PE Fuzes by Alex Orden 59
7. Field Test Methods for PE Fuzes by Alex Orden 70
8. Evaluation of PE Fuzes by Alex Orden 75
9. Miscellaneous Projects of Division 4 by Clarence B. Crane, L.M. Andrews, T.N. White & Robert D. Huntoon 89
9.5 TV controlled rudder glide bomb (AZimuth ONly: AZON)see book ref 25 through 35.Bibliography 101
OSRD Appointees 109
Contract Numbers 110
Service Projects 113
Index 115
Ref 38. Developing the Proximity Fuze, and Its Legacy by Dr. William T. Moye -
Ref 39. They Never Knew What Hit Them: The Story of World War II's Best Kept Secret, Ralph B. Baldwin, 1999, ISBN-0-969683-15-6 -
Ref 40.
Ref 41. VT Proximity Fuze Manufacturers of World War Two - many many facts, figures, photos, and articles.
Ref 42. Warriors and Wizards: The Development and Defeat of Radio-Controlled Glide Bombs of the Third Reich, Martin J. Bollinger, 2011 - Use of wire recorder to capture the control signals. Howard Lorenzen (Patents)
2620470 Doppler traffic control system, Jr Roy L Rather, Howard O Lorenzen, 1952-12-02, - CW Doppler seems like a poor idea since it can not see stopped cars.Ref 43. youTube:
2763783 High frequency oscillator, Howard O Lorenzen, App: 1946-04-05, W.W.II, Pub: 1956-09-18, - for use with Lighthouse tube (YouTube: Radar History: Part II: The Lighthouse Tube) Rudolph Dehn (Patents), William Kornrumpf (Patents),
Airborne Instruments Labratory, Mineola, NY, (patents) was involved in building prototype jammers. - some history of AIL - Invention of Stripline - also see 1N21 tester AIL 390.
2602924 Antenna field pattern measuring system, Otto H Schmitt, Winfield E Fromm, Wesley A Fails, Fredrik R Barnes, Roger E Avery, AIL, 1952-07-08, - measuring airborne antennas using scale models.
Lenkkörper und Zielweisungsgeräte der deutschen Luftwaffe - 234 pages, while mainly about the "Television Aided Missile Guiding System of German Airforce WW II (Luftwaffe)" it also covers aspects of the "Der Bildsender der Hs 293D".
HyperWar US Navy in World War II: NRL Report No. R-2241: General Instructions for Guided Missile Countermeasure Systems, 3 March 1944, NRL -
How Does The Sidewinder Missile Work? - Smarter Every Day 282, 7:59 - Balloon shoot down The Proximity Fuze: Whose Brainchild?, James W. Brennan, Sept 1968, USNI Proceedings, Vol 94/9/787 - poor OCR,
Ref 44. YouTube: The Backstory of Russian Missiles Hitting Toilets in Ukraine, 19:39 -
Ref 45. The Secret Invention That Changed World War 2, 16:27 - Proximity Fuze - cites: The Radio Proximity Fuze H.M. Bonner, Canadian Army Journal, 1:19-24, Mar 1948.
Ref 46. The Development and use of Proximity Fuzes: A Bibliography, Lester L. Miller, Aug 1976, Fort Sill, OK ADA031189.pdf -
Ref 47.
Ref 48. History of the Electro-Optical Guided Missiles, 2016, 82 pages (web page) - lots of Sidewinder & related information + countermeasures + FIM-92A Stinger - much in common with Ref 49.
Ref 49. Aircraft Infrared Principles, Signatures, Threats, and Countermeasures, 2012, 129 pages, (ADA566304.pdf), NAWCWD Point Mugu - mostly theory, many photos,
Ref 50. Critical Technology Events in the Development of the Stinger and Javelin Missile Systems, 2006, 39 pages (ADA454087.pdf)
Ref 51. Genesis of Infrared Decoy Flares, The early years from 1950 into the 1970s, 2009, 186 pages (ADA495417.pdf)
Ref 52. Sidewinder: Creative Missile Development at China Lake, Ron Westrum, 1999, 331 pages, ISBN-13 : 978-1557509512 - This is one of a handful of books where I have more than one copy.
Ref 53. Designation-Systems.Net: Early Navy Missiles -
Ref 54.America's Secret WW2 Combat Drone That Bombed The Japanese | The TDR-1 (Wiki), 18:06 - includes early airborne TV, Ref 56.
Ref 55. BGM-71 TOW Anti-tank missile | Wire Guided Wonder, 14:37 -
Can the TOW Missile Launcher Make a Difference?, 10:14 - forward side exhausting rocket nozzles to keep from burning up the wire. There are operational limits to the use of wire guidance, like over water and in jungles.
Ref 57.Rare declassified footage of the B-24 Air-to-Air Proximity Fused Rocket- WWII Defensive Armament, 10:47 - T5 or T6 prox fuze, on M8 4.5" aircraft rocket using 10 foot long M10 triple tube launcher. "system never became operational" because only the last bomber in a group could use it and flak was a much larger problem than fighters by the time this system was being considered. Also the whole bomber would need to maneuver in order to point the launch tube at the fighter. This may have been a motivation for the Sidewinder. Only a 1% chance of shooting down a fighter. LDM #276: TOW Missile - Flight motor, thermal batteries and Gyro, 7:43 -
Ref 58. The Weapon Deadlier than the Atomic Bomb, 13:28 -
Ref 59.
Ref 60. LDM #270: BGM-71 TOW Missile Part 2: electronic boards, 20:34 - 2 Freq to Volt boards, a 4-channel power output control board, Sequencer board with custom brass part (EaglePicher Pyro Switch), @ 8:17 Block diagram
Ref 61. LDM #273: BGM-71 TOW Missile Part 3: pitch and yaw commands test, 8:18 - PLL boards at 520 & 840 Hz, Bandpass filters at 520 & 840 Hz;
Ref 62. LDM #277: Inspection cameras comparison, 15:49 - TOW rocket engine, Maverick Laser Seeker head. - can not see much.
Ref 63.LDM #267: various indicators and BGM-71 missile assembly, 4:05 - @2:30 TOW BGM-71 un-boxing
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